American History Ch1 – Flashcards
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Maize
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maize (corn) The primary grain crop in Mesoamerica yielding small kernels often ground into cornmeal. Easy to grow in a broad range of conditions, it enabled a global population explosion after being brought to Europe, Africa, Asia.
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Pre-Columbian civilizations
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civilizations and cultures of the americas which flourished prior to the european colonization of America.
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Cahokia
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was a well-developed trade center near present-day St. Louis.
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Christopher Columbus's first concern when meeting Native peoples was
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whether or not they had gold.
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The dominant religion in Europe in the 15th century was
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Catholicism.
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Europeans came to the Americas
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looking for land to acquire, in search of gold, and to spread their religious beliefs.
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What played the most decisive role in helping Europeans gain control of native peoples
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Disease
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What was the Colombian Exchange?
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animals, plants, people, and cultures were exchanged between natives and Europeans.
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The most devastating aspect of this biological exchange was
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he transmission of European diseases to Native Americans.
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With the defeat of the Spanish Armada
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England could now begin colonizing America.
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Which statement best describes the consequences of Spanish colonization in the Americas?
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Native Americans were exploited, enslaved, and exterminated by the Spanish.
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In what crucial way did Europeans benefit from the Columbian Exchange?
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New crops like corn and potatoes helped Europe's population to grow.
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Aztec Empire
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A network of more than 300 city states and upwards of 30 provinces, established in the 14th century under the imperialistic Mexica, or Aztecs, in the valley of Mexico.
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Treaty of Tordesillas (1494)
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(June 7, 1494), agreement between Spain and Portugal aimed at settling conflicts over lands newly discovered or explored by Christopher Columbus and other late 15th-century voyagers.
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Protestant Reformation
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he 16th-century religious, political, intellectual and cultural upheaval that splintered Catholic Europe, setting in place the structures and beliefs that would define the continent in the modern era.
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conquistadores
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a conqueror, especially one of the Spanish conquerors of Mexico and Peru in the 16th century.
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Columbian Exchange
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or Grand Exchange was the widespread transfer of animals, plants, culture, human populations, technology and ideas between the American and Afro-Eurasian hemispheres in the 15th and 16th centuries, related to European colonization and trade (including African/American slave trade) after Christopher Columbus' 1492 voyage.
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Spanish Armada
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was a Spanish fleet of 130 ships that sailed from A Coruña in August 1588, under the command of the Duke of Medina Sidonia with the purpose of escorting an army from Flanders to invade England.
