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Herman Melville's most important literary work was

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Moby Dick

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Reform movements emerged in America in the mid-nineteenth century in part because of a

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belief that society needed to break free from its old traditions desire for social stability and discipline in the face of change

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In the mid-nineteenth century, romanticism

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had its origins in the American Midwest none are right

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In the mid-nineteenth century, the general European attitude toward American art and literature

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included praise for American artists for defining a new set of national virtues was that American artists had little to offer Europe

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The Hudson River School of painters emphasized in their work the importance of

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natural beauty

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All of the following painters were associated with the Hudson River School except

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James Whistler

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Which of the following features was NOT a characteristic of the Hudson River School

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a belief that democracy was the best source of wisdom and spiritual fulfillment

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All of the following people helped create a distinct American literature EXCEPT

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Sydney Smith

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Through novels such as The Last of the Mohicans, James Fennimore Cooper examined the significance of

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America's westward expansion

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Walt Whitman

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celebrated the liberation of the individual

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The writings of Edgar Allan Poe were

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primarily sad and macabre

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Prior to the Civil War, southern writers

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developed a realist tradition that focused on the lives of ordinary people; brought a robust, vulgar humor to American literature; and romanticized the institution of slavery

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Transcendentalist

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argued for the liberating potential of "understanding regarded reason to be the most important human faculty

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The transcendentalist writer Ralph Waldo Emerson

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asserted that through nature, individuals could find personal fulfillment

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The transcendentalist Henry David Thoreau

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felt every individual should balance society's expectations with one's own instincts argued Americans had a moral right to disobey the laws of the United States

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The transcendentalist movement

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anticipated the environmental protection movement of the twentieth century

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The primary goal of the 1840s community experiment known as Brook Farm was

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to permit all members to realize their full potential as individual beings

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Who among the following was NOT a participant in American communal living

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John Humphrey Noyes Walt Whitman

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One of the most enduring of the pre-Civil War utopian colonies was

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New Harmony Oneida.

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In redefining gender roles, the experimental 1840s Oneida Community

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carefully monitored sexual behavior to protect women

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Which of the following was arguably the most distinctive feature of Shakerism

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complete celibacy

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Shaker societies

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saw women exercise more power than men

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Nineteenth-century Protestant revivalists such as the New Light revivalists

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formed a crusade against personal immorality

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In the 1840s, the organized movement against drunkenness in the United States

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linked alcohol to crime and poverty

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In the 1830s and 1840s, cholera epidemics in the United States

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typically killed more than half of those who contracted the disease

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According to the nineteenth-century "science" of phrenology, what could be discerned from the shape of an individual's skull?

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her character and intelligence

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During the nineteenth century, the largest obstacle to improved medical care in America was

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the absence of basic knowledge about disease

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In the 1840s in the United States, an initial understanding of germ theory was developed by

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Oliver Wendell Holmes

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Prior to 1860, public education in the United States

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did not exist was legally denied for all non-whites

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The nineteenth-century reformer Horace Mann believed that education should promote

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democracy

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The Massachusetts reformer who built a national movement for new methods of treating the mentally ill was

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Dorothea Dix

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Prior to 1860, prison reform in the United States

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focused on punishment, not on rehabilitation included the practice of solitary confinemen000000000000000000000000000000000000

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The nineteenth-century practice of placing American Indians on reservations was partially designed to

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isolate and protect the Indians from white society, help "regenerate" them, and allow them to develop to a point where they could assimilate into white society

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In 1840, a catalyst for an American feminist movement was a London convention that dealt with

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woman suffrage abolition

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The 1848 Seneca Falls, New York convention on women's rights

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issued a manifesto patterned after the Declaration of Independence

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Prior to the Civil War, the religious denomination most active in feminism was the

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Quakers.

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Which of the following nineteenth-century leaders is primarily known for her pioneering work in the American feminist movement

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Elizabeth Cady Stanton

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In the early nineteenth century, the American Colonization Society

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was founded by white Virginians opposed to slavery

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The American Colonization Society helped to transport blacks from the United States to

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Liberia

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William Lloyd Garrison believed the abolitionist movement should

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join forces with the more established American Colonization Society stress the damage that slavery did to blacks rather than to whites

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Prior to the Civil War, free blacks in the North tended to be

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strongly opposed to southern slavery

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The black abolitionist who called for uncompromising opposition to and a violent overthrow of slavery in his 1829 An Appeal to the Coloured Citizens of the World was

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David Walker

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Frederick Douglass

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was an ordained minister spent years lecturing in England against slavery.

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In the 1840s, abolitionists in the United States constituted

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a small percentage of the national population

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One leading abolitionist who was murdered for his activism was

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William Lloyd Garrison Elijah Lovejoy

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In the 1830s and 1840s, abolitionists were divided

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by radicals and moderates within their ranks all are correct

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In the 1840s, William Lloyd Garrison spoke against

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extreme equlity fir women

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The Supreme Court ruling in Prigg v. Pennsylvania (1842

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angered abolitionists abolished slavery in the District of Columbia

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Prior to the Civil War, the Liberty Party

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promoted "free soil

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The effect of Uncle Tom's Cabin on the nation was to

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spread the message of abolitionism to an enormous new audience

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