ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF VARIOUS DATABASE MODELS – Flashcards
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File system
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1st Generation 1960s-1970s Used mainly on IBM mainframe systems Managed records, not relationships
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Hierarchical DBM Data Independence?
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Yes
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Hierarchical DBM Structural Dependence?
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No
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Hierarchical and Network DBMs - what generation, when introduced and improvements to prior generations....
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2nd Generation 1970 Early database systems Navigational access
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Hierarchical DBM advantages
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1. It promotes data sharing. 2. Parent/child relationship promotes conceptual simplicity. 3. Database security is provided and enforced by DBMS. 4. Parent/child relationship promotes data integrity. 5. It is efficient with 1:M relationships.
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Hierarchical DBM disadvantages
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1. Complex implementation requires knowledge of physical data storage characteristics. 2. Navigational system yields complex application development, management, and use; requires knowledge of hierarchical path. 3. Changes in structure require changes in all application programs. 4. There are implementation limitations (no multiparent or M:N relationships). 5. There is no data definition or data manipulation language in the DBMS. 6. There is a lack of standards.
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Network
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Yes
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Relational
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Yes
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- what generation, when introduced and improvements to prior generations....
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3rd Gen Mid-1970s Conceptual simplicity Entity relationship (ER) modeling and support for relational data modeling
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entity relationship (ER) model, or ERM,
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1976 Peter Chen has become a widely accepted standard for data modeling
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Entity relationship
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Yes
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Object oriented
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Yes
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XML Hybrid
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5th Gen Mid-1990s Unstructured data support O/R model supports XML documents Hybrid DBMS adds object front end to relational databases Support large databases (terabyte size)
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Key-value store Column store
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Emerging Models: NoSQL Early 2000s to present Distributed, highly scalable High performance, fault tolerant Very large storage (petabytes) Suited for sparse data Proprietary application programming interface (API)
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NoSQL
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Yes
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SimpleDB (Amazon) BigTable (Google) Cassandra (Apache) MongoDB Riak
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Key-value store Column store No SQL
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DB2
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Relational DBM
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Oracle
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Relational DBM
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MS SQL Server MySQL
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Relational DBM
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Oracle 12c
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XML Hybrid DBMS Object-oriented Object/relational (O/R)
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MS SQL Server
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XML Hybrid DBMS
