Active Directory – Ch 10-12 – Flashcards
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Root servers
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What are the servers at the top of the DNS hierarchy called?
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recursive query
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The typical query one DNS server sends to a root name server is called a(n) _______.
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hierarchical; periods
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The domain name part of a DNS name is _______ and consists of two or more words, separated by ______.
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Authoritative source
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What do you call the source responsible for maintaining a domain's resource records?
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Less traffic crossing the network perimeter
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When using DNS for name resolution only, why should a company consider using DNS servers outside the network perimeter?
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At the second-level domain level
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At what level of the DNS hierarchy are actual hosts, apart from the root servers?
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Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN)
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Who is responsible for the ratification of new top-level domains?
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63; 255
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What is the character limit on individual domain names, and the limit on the Fully Qualified Domain Names (FQDNs)?
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When a DNS server receives information about a non-existent host
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Concerning DNS, what is negative caching?
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Time To Live (TTL) specified by each DNS server's administrator
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A DNS server receives updated information. Other DNS servers have outdated information cached. What determines the amount of time that the old DNS data remains cached on a server and an update might occur?
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1 hour
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What is the default TTL for a Windows Server 2012 DNS server?
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To allow a DHCP server to request a DNS server to update or create a record.
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Why is the DNS service included in Windows Server 2012 integrated with DHCP service?
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subdomains of contoso.com
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You registered the domain name contoso.com. The FQDNs seattle.contoso.com and halifax.contoso.com are examples of different _____.
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UDP; 53
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When a DNS server communicates a name resolution query to another DNS server, what type of datagram is used, and over what port?
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.com, .net, .org
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Concerning DNS domain hierarchy, what are examples of global top-level domains?
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Avoid an excessive number of domain levels.
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What are some best practices when creating internal DNS namespaces?
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Name caching enables the second name resolution request for the same name to bypass the referral process.
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What is the primary purpose of name caching?
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All Internet applications working with host names must use DNS to resolve host names into IP address.
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What client applications utilize DNS to resolve host names into IP addresses?
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Reducing the traffic and making efficient use of available bandwidth across the network perimeter
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What is the primary benefit of a DNS forwarder?
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Root name server
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What DNS server represents the top of the DNS hierarchy?
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Caching-only server
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What DNS server is never the authoritative source for a domain, but only serves to resolve names?
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Forwarder
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What DNS server normally sends iterative queries to another DNS server?
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Authoritative source
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What DNS server is responsible for maintaining a particular domain's resource records?
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Configures the IP address and other TCP/IP settings on network computers
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What service does Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) provide?
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Dynamic, automatic, and manual
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DHCP standards define multiple methods to allocate IP addresses. What are they?
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100 percent because dynamic address allocation requires periodic lease renewal messages whereas automatic does not
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For DHCP address allocation, by how much is network traffic reduced related to periodic lease renewal messages when switching from dynamic allocation to automatic allocation?
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Obtain an IP address automatically
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How are DHCP settings labeled in a Windows computer's network interface?
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DHCPDISCOVER
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What is the first packet sent to a DHCP server when a computer boots up?
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DHCPOFFER
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How do DHCP servers respond to a DHCPDISCOVER message?
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The client sends a DHCPREQUEST message to all servers with the IP address of the chosen DHCP server.
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How does a DHCP client communicate which offered IP address it will accept from which DHCP server?
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The server responds with a DHCPNAK message to the client.
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During DHCP lease negotiation, what happens if the client requests an IP address from the server but the server has already assigned the offered IP address?
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8 days
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What is the default lease period for DHCP dynamic address allocation?
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50 percent, or at 4 days into the lease
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How far into the lease period does a DHCP client begin requesting renewal of the IP address?
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All the client/server network traffic is local, so minimal DHCP traffic on routers AND Clients have ready access to DHCP servers
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What are the advantages of using a distributed DHCP infrastructure?
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Increase the length of the IP address lease time AND Use a hybrid DHCP infrastructure with DHCP servers at all local locations and relay agents in other subnets
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Select two methods to regulate and minimize the amount the DHCP traffic on an enterprise network.
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Increase of network traffic
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What is the impact on network traffic when decreasing the length of the IP address lease time?
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In Windows Server 2012, creating the scope is done separately, after adding the DHCP Server role.
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How does DHCP scope creation differ in Windows Server 2012 compared to prior Windows Server versions?
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WAN
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When planning a hybrid DHCP infrastructure, what kind of network traffic should administrators want to eliminate?
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Domain controllers, Internet web servers, and DHCP servers
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What kinds of servers should NOT be DHCP clients?
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The DHCP server on the network must have a custom PXEClient option (option 60) configured with the location of the WDS server on the network.
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To make use of Pre-boot Execution Environment (PXE) and Windows Deployment Services (WDS), what special configuration do you need on the server and client?
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This prevents accidental duplication of permanently assigned IP addresses.
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What is the key benefit of DHCP manual IP address allocation over manually configuring the IP address by person?
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Deploy additional DHCP servers on the most burdened subnets.
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Your DHCP servers are burdened with heavy traffic, most related to IP address renewals. Unfortunately, virtually all the IP addresses in each of your subnets are allocated. Which option is the best way to lower the renewal traffic?
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Distributed
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What DHCP infrastructure model relies on having a DHCP Server on every subnet?
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Centralized
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What DHCP infrastructure model relies heavily on relay agents instead of DHCP servers?
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Hybrid
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What DHCP infrastructure model suggests scattering DHCP servers on subnets throughout the enterprise, but substituting DHCP relay agents for DHCP servers on some of your subnets?
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Administrators are hesitant and reluctant to change.
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What is the primary reason IPv6 has not completely replaced IPv4?
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CIDR
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What is a subnetting method that enables you to place the division between the network bits and the host bits anywhere in the address, not just between octets?
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subnetting method that divides between network bits and host bits anywhere, not only between octets
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How does Classless Inter-Domain Routing help reduce waste of IP addresses?
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Windows Server 2008, Windows Server 2012 and Vista.
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Your company environment includes Windows Server versions 2003, 2008 and 2012. Desktops range from Windows XP and Vista. To transition to IPv6, what versions have IPv6 support running by default?
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6to4
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What is the technology intended to help transition IPv4 networks to IPv6, by expressing IPv4 addresses in IPv6 format?
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A Windows workstation assigns itself an address on the 169.254.0.0./16 network
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What is an example of Automatic Private IP Addressing (APIPA) in IPv4?
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ISATAP
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What is a tunneling protocol that emulates an IPv6 link using an IPv4 network, primarily for Windows workstation operating systems?
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number of possible hosts and networks
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What is the primary benefit of the IPv6 address space over the IPv4 address space?
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network bits
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Given the IPv6 address: 21cd:001b:0000:0000/8, what does the "/8" at the end signify?
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Stateless IPv6 Address Autoconfiguration
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Rather than manually assign IPv6 addresses to computers, how can administrators ensure each Windows computer receives a link-local unicast address upon starting?
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192.29.1.42
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What is an example of a valid IPv4 address?
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Windows Server 2008, Windows Server 2012 and Vista
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Your company environment includes Windows Server versions 2003, 2008 and 2012. Desktops range from Windows XP and Vista. To transition to IPv6, what versions have IPv6 support running by default?
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peer allocation
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In general terms, there are three ways a computer receives an IPv4 or IPv6 address. Which of the following is NOT one of them?
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anycast address
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What IPv6 address type functions to identify the routers within a given address scope and send traffic to the nearest router, as determined by the local routing protocols?
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ISATAP emulates an IPv6 link for use on an IPv4 network.
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What is Intra-Site Automatic Tunnel Addressing Protocol (ISATAP)?
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network bits
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Given the IPv6 address: 21cd:0053:0000:0000/64, what does the "slash 64" at the end signify?
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global unicast address
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In the IPv6 space, what is the equivalent of a registered IPv4 address, routable worldwide and unique on the Internet?
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Network Address Translation
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What is a Network-layer routing technology that enables a group of workstations to share a single registered address?
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Class A, B, C, differing by how many bits distinguish the networks from the hosts
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As defined by the original Internet Protocol standard, what are the three classes of IP addresses used for networks, and what differentiates them?
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21cd:53::/64
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Certain IPv6 addresses can be contracted. Which of the following answers is the contracted form of 21cd:0053:0000:0000/64?
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link-local unicast address
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In the IPv6 space, what kind of network address do systems automatically assign themselves, similarly to an APIPA address in IPv4?
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Teredo
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What encapsulates IPv6 packets within User Datagram Protocol (UDP) datagrams between two registered IPv4 nodes in order to traverse IPv4 networks?
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21cd:0053:0000:0000:e8bb:04f2:003c:c394
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What is an example of a valid IPv6 address?
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unique local unicast address
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In the IPv6 space, what are the equivalent of the 10.0.0.0/8, 172.16.0.0/12, and 192.168.0.0/16 private network addresses in IPv4?
