ACSM Certified Exercise Physiologist Exam – Flashcards
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Major Signs/Symptoms
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-Pain/discomfort in the chest, neck, jaw, arms, etc. that may result from ischemia -Shortness of breath at rest/with mild exertion -Dizziness or syncope -Orthopnea or paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea -Ankle edema -Palpitations or tachycardia -Intermittent claudication -Known heart murmer -Unusual fatigue/shortness of breath with usual activities
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CVD Risk Factors
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Age, family history, smoking, sedentary, obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, prediabetes
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Age
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-Men over 45 -Women over 55
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Family history
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Sudden death in 1st-degree family due to cardio event before: -55 in men -65 in women
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Cigarette smoking
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Current smoker or within the last 6 months
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Sedentary
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Not getting at least 30 min/day, 3 days/week of moderate activity for at least 3 months
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Obesity
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-BMI > 30 -Waist girth: > 102 cm (40in.) for men > 88 cm (35in.) for women
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Dyslipidemia
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LDL > 130 HDL 200
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Prediabetes
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Fasting plasma glucose > 100 and 140 and < 199
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Negative Risk Factor
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HDL > 60
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Informed Consent Contents
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1. Purpose/Explanation of test 2. Attendant risks/discomforts 3. Responsibilities fo participant 4. Benefits to be expected 5. Inquiries 6. Use of medical records 7. Freedom of consent
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Absolute Contraindications to Exercise Testing
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-Recent change in EKG suggesting ischemia, myocardial infarction (w/in 2 days), or other acute cardiac event -Unstable angina -Uncontrolled cardiac dysrhythmias causing symptoms or hemodynamic compromise -Symptomatic severe aortic stenosis -Uncontrolled symptomatic heart failure -Acute pulmonary embolus or infarction -Acute myocarditis or pericarditis -Suspected or known dissecting aneurysm -Acute system infection w/ fever, body aches, swollen lymph glands, etc.
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Relative Contraindications to Exercise Testing
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-Left main coronary stenosis -Moderate stenotic valvular heart disease -Electrolyte abnormalities (hyperkalemia, etc.) -Severe arterial hypertension (i.e. SBP > 200, DBP > 110) -Tachydysrythmia, bradydysrythmia -Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy or outflow tract obstruction -Neuromotor, musculoskeletal, or rheumatoid disorders made worse by exercise -High-degree AV block -Ventricular aneurysm -Uncontrolled metabolic disease (diabetes, thyrotoxicosis, etc.) -Chronic infectious disease (HIV, etc.)
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Body Density to Body Fat % Conversion
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% fat = (457/Body Density) - 414.2 % fat = (495/Body Density) - 450
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Men, 3-site Skinfold Formula
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Body Density = 1.10938 - 0.0008267(sum of skinfolds) + 0.0000016(sum of skinfolds)^2 - 0.0002574(age)
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Men, 7-site Skinfold Formula
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Body Density = 1.112 - 0.00043499(sum of skinfolds) + 0.00000055 (sum of skinfolds)^2 - 0.00028826(age)
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Women, 3-site Skinfold Formula
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1.099421 - 0.0009929(sum of skinfolds) + 0.0000023(sum of skinfolds)^2 - 0.0001392(age)
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Women, 7-site Skinfold Formula
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Body Density = 1.097 - 0.00046971(sum of skinfolds) + 0.00000056(sum of skinfolds)^2) - 0.00012828(age)
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Calculate Intensity: Heart Rate Reserve Method
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1. Calculate HRR. [HRR = HRmax-HRrest] 2. Determine exercise intensity as %HRR. [%HRR = HRR x desired intensity] 3. Determine Target Heart Rate range. [THR = %HRR + HRrest]
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1.5 Mile Run Formula for VO2max
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VO2max = 3.5 + (483/Time)
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Calculate Intensity: VO2 Reserve Method
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1. Calculate VO2R. [VO2max-VO2rest] 2. Determine exercise intensity as %VO2R. [%VO2R = VO2R x desired intensity] 3. Determine target VO2 Range [%VO2R + VO2rest] 4. Determine MET target range [TVO2/3.5]
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1 MET
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3.5 mL/kg x min
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Metabolic calculation for the estimation of energy expenditure
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Sum of resting + horizontal component + vertical component 3.5 + (0.1 x speed) + (1.8 x speed x grade)
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1 Watt
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0.164 (kg x m / min)
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1 mph
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26.8 m/min
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Work rate
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(Force x distance) / time
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