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If a business wants to know its true expenses for the month:

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it must consider all expenses incurred, not just expenses paid that month

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If a business wants to know how much revenue it has earned:

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it must determine the value of services provided, not just the cash received in payment for services rendered.

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The accrual basis of accounting dictates that all revenues be recorded when they are earned instead of

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when the cash payment is received from customers.

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All expenses are to be recorded when they are incurred

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not when they are paid.

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If a business wants to determine whether their pricing results in adequate profit,

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it must compare revenues earned to all expenses incurred in providing services.

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The matching concept states that all the expenses incurred must be recorded in the same period that the revenue is recorded.

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Expenses are matched against the revenue they generate.

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Deferrals adjust accounts that are already a part of a company's accounting records.

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Deferred expenses occur when an asset that will be used up or will expire is purchased.

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As this asset (deferred expense) is used,

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its cost must be recorded as an expense. Therefore you defer recording the cost of the asset as an expense until it is used.

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Supplies:

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recorded as an asset when they are purchased. As the supplies are used an adjusting entry is made to transfer the cost of the supplies to an expense account.

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Prepaid insurance:

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when insurance is paid in advance of the period covered, its cost is recorded as an asset. As the policy expires, an adjusting entry must be made to transfer the cost of the insurance to an expense account.

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Revenues are deferred when cash is received before the job is completed.

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In this case, the cash cannot be recorded as revenue since it has not yet been earned. Instead it is recorded as a liability until the obligation is fulfilled, then it is revenue.

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Unearned revenue is the liability account used to record cash received in advance.

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TRUE

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Accrued expenses:

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use of utilities before receiving a bill; wages owed to employees at end of accounting period; interest owed on unpaid loans

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Accrued revenues:

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fees earned by a lawyer that have not been received;

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A deferred expense

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occurs when you pay for an item before it is used (Supplies, Prepaid Ins)

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A deferred revenue

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occurs when you receive payment before earning it (Unearned fees, unearned rent)

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An accrued expense

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occurs when you use an item before paying for it (wages, utilities)

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Accrued revenue

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occurs when you have earned the revenue but have not received payment (lawyer fees; interest on savings acct)

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Accrued means

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after the fact

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Deferred means

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before the fact

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Contra-asset account is

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Accumulated depreciation (how much worth has the asset worn out)

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Normal Balance is accumulated depreciation is always a

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CREDIT

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Revenues - Expenses =

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Net Income

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Steps in the Accounting Cycle:

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1. Transactions analyzed & recorded in journal 2. Transactions posted in ledger 3. Unadjusted trial balance prepared 4. Adjustment data assembled & analyzed 5. Work sheet prepared 6. Adjusting entries journalized & posted to ledger 7. Adjusted trial balance prepared 8. Financial statements prepared 9. Closing entries journalized and posted to ledger 10. Post-closing trial balance prepared

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The closing entries

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1. Close revenue acct to Income Summary 2. Close expense accts to Income Summary 3. Balance in Income Summary equals Net Income (if not correct entries from top 2) 4. Close income summary to Capital 5. Close drawing acct to Capital

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Which accts do not appear on a post closing trial balance?

answer

revenue, expense, drawing

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What accts will appear on a post closing trial balance?

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Assets, Liabilities, Capital

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Depreciation Expense

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DEBIT

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Accumulated Depreciation

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CREDIT

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The account type and normal balance of Prepaid Expense is

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asset, debit

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Which of the following is not a characteristic of accrual basis of accounting?

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Revenues and expenses are reported in the period in which cash is received or paid

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Which of the following is not true regarding depreciation?

answer

Depreciation expense reflects the decrease in market value each year.

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Fees receivable would appear on the balance sheet as a(n)

answer

asset

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Which of the accounting steps in the accounting process below would be completed last?

answer

preparing financial statements

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Prepaid advertising, representing payment for the next quarter, would be reported on the balance sheet as a(n)

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asset

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Accrued revenues would appear on the balance sheet as

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assets

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Prior to the adjusting process, accrued expenses have

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been incurred, not paid, and not recorded

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Using accrual accounting, revenue is recorded and reported only

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when the services are rendered without regard to when cash is received

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The matching concept

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states that the revenues and related expenses should be reported in the same period

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The revenue recognition concept

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determines when revenue is credited to a revenue account

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The adjusting entry to record the depreciation of equipment for the fiscal period is

answer

debit Depreciation Expense; credit Accumulated Depreciation

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If the effect of the debit portion of an adjusting entry is to increase the balance of an expense account, which of the following describes the effect of the credit portion of the entry?

answer

increases the balance of a liability account

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Prior to the adjusting process, accrued revenue has

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been earned and not recorded as revenue

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Which one of the following accounts below would likely be included in a deferral adjusting entry?

answer

Unearned Revenue

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The balance in the office supplies account on June 1 was $7,500, supplies purchased during June were $3,100, and the supplies on hand at June 30 were $2,300. The amount to be used for the appropriate adjusting entry is

answer

$8300

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The net income reported on the income statement is $58,000. However, adjusting entries have not been made at the end of the period for supplies expense of $2,200 and accrued salaries of $1,300. Net income, as corrected, is

answer

$54,500

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For the year ending December 31, Orion, Inc. mistakenly omitted adjusting entries for $1,500 of supplies that were used, (2) unearned revenue of $4,200 that was earned, and (3) insurance of $5,000 that expired. For the year ending December 31, what is the effect of these errors on revenues, expenses, and net income?

answer

Net income is overstated by $2,300

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Which of the accounts below would most likely appear on an adjusted trial balance but probably would not appear on the trial balance?

answer

Depreciation Expense

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Which of the following pairs of accounts could not appear in the same adjusting entry?

answer

Interest Income and Interest Expense

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Accounting Chapters 3 ; 4 – Flashcards

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