The dramatic impact of 'Absent Person Singular' lies in the lack of characters, which makes it clear to the audience that someone is missing.
Throughout the play, all the main characters are introduced in each act, except for Dick and Lottie Potter and George, the dog. Although there is a constant reference to them, the audience never meets them. This creates dramatic tension, which is never broken except when it becomes apparent that they will never appear. Initially used for comedic effect, Alan Ayckbourn's use of absent characters becomes darker as the play progresses. At the start of the play, Sidney and Jane Hopcroft are holding a Christmas party, where the audience learns of Dick and Lottie Potter's existence when Sidney mentions them.
During the party scene, Jane, the hostess, briefly leaves to purchase tonic water
.... Although she is temporarily absent, the audience has already met her and knows what she looks like, distinguishing her from the Potters who are only described through other characters in the play. The audience eagerly anticipates meeting Dick and Lottie Potter as they are introduced for the first time in the production. Additionally, in Act 1, Sidney remarks on the colourful nature of the Potters.
Both of them are educators, and the third character, George, is abandoned by its owners, Geoffrey and Eva, but we do not encounter him in this act. In the initial act, Eva describes him as 'having turned into some sort of yak,' creating a heightened image of the dog in the audience's minds.
During Act 2, Ayckbourn depicts the character of George in a more negative light after Marion reveals to the audience that he had bitten Dick
Potter's leg. The playwright employs the concept that "pictures on the radio are better pictures on the television" to convey the idea that a character can be physically present on stage but emotionally detached from the events around them. Eva serves as a prime example of this, as in Act 2 she writes a suicide note while Geoffrey remains oblivious to her actions and continues conversing with her.
At the last minute, both Geoffrey and Eva have neglected their guests. However, when Geoffrey becomes aware of Eva's intentions, he makes a frantic effort to assist her and searches for her doctor. Concurrently, the audience perceives the absence of Geoffrey's physical presence as distinctly as Eva's emotional absence. The subtle references to the doctor hint at Geoffrey's absence, stirring compassion for Eva's neurotic state.
In addition, the audience empathizes with Geoffrey and Eva Jackson as they navigate their marriage breakdown. Throughout the act, allusions are made to Dick and Lottie Potter, making the audience aware of their off-stage presence. In the play's final act, Marion, who is hosting the party, becomes intoxicated.
Despite being present at times, the frequent confinement of one character in their room accentuates their absence to the audience. This is particularly evident at the beginning of the play when only Eva and Ronald are present on-stage while Geoffrey is not, prompting speculation about the state of the Jackson's union and creating suspense. The absence of Sidney and Jane is also notable until they are eventually discussed by Geoffrey, Eva, and Ronald in relation to the Hopcroft family's ascension in society.
Previously, the performances followed a fixed pattern in which the host and hostess appeared on
stage before introducing the guests. However, this act presents a distinct structure, which the audience quickly recognizes since they are accustomed to the traditional format. Additionally, Ayckbourn alters not only the play's structure but also its atmosphere.
The comedy has taken a darker turn, almost bordering on tragedy in the final act. The three characters that were previously missing are entirely absent in this segment. While the Potters and George provided amusement in the two preceding acts, their absence in the final one elicits a sense of sorrow from the audience. Despite being absent, they are still subject of discussion.
Once again, the play demonstrates its tragic aspect, as the audience learns that George has been given away due to the Jacksons' financial difficulties. This elicits sympathy for the Jacksons. Additionally, the Potters have taken Ronald's children mountaineering, creating empathy for Ronald when he expresses his desire to have taken them himself. 'Absurd Person Singular' explores the theme of life changes and the humor that follows them. Moreover, the audience is conscious of the impact of absent characters in the play on their own thoughts.
It is my belief that Ayckbourn intentionally employs a technique to ensure the audience remains cognizant of both on-stage and off-stage characters. The play ultimately progresses towards tragedy, fraught with challenges and predicaments. I consider this a remarkable theatrical feat as Ayckbourn has written the play to compel the audience's attention towards every character, not exclusively those on-stage.
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