National Physical Therapy Trivia Exam – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
Joint Receptor: Golgi-Mazzoni corpuscles
answer
Compression of joint capsule, Ex: knee
question
Pacinian corpuscle
answer
vibration, high velocity change in joint position
question
Ruffini
answer
Stretch of joint capsule, amplitude and velocity of joint position
question
Muscle spindle
answer
Muscle length and/or rate of change in length. Important in controlling posture
question
GTO
answer
Sensitive to tension, especially when produced by muscle contraction; tension and rate of change
question
Radiohumeral: Loose packed, closed packed
answer
LP: full extension, supination; CP: 90 degrees flexion, 5 degrees supination
question
Ulnarhumeral: Loose packed
answer
70 degrees elbow flexion, 10 degrees supination
question
Tibiofemoral: loose packed
answer
25 degrees of flexion
question
Q angle: male, female
answer
Male: 13 degrees, Female: 18 degrees
question
Lateral carrying angle of elbow
answer
Male: 5 degrees, Female: 15 degrees
question
Tibial torsion
answer
12-18 degrees (medial malleoli anterior to lateral)
question
Hip angle of inclination
answer
125 degrees (Adults)
question
Humeral angle of inclination
answer
135 degrees
question
Angle of anteversion
answer
8-15 degrees
question
Lumbosacral angle
answer
30 degrees
question
Lumbopelvic rythm
answer
40 degrees lumbar flexion, 70 degrees hip flexion
question
Scapula landmarks (in relation to spine)
answer
Sup angle: T2; Inf angle: T7; medial border: 5-6 cm from spine
question
Kienbock's fx
answer
AVN of lunate
question
Ape hand (nerve?)
answer
Median
question
Volkman's ischemic contracture (nerve?)
answer
Ulnar nerve, claw hand
question
Thoracolumbar ROM
answer
Flex: 80 degrees; Ext: 25 deg; SB: 35 deg; Rot: 45 deg
question
Cadence (adult norm)
answer
110 steps/min
question
Toe out
answer
Average 7 degrees
question
Allen test
answer
Radial and ulnar artery
question
Reciprocating gait orthoses (Pt pop?)
answer
Paraplegia
question
Milwaukee orthosis (Dx?)
answer
Scoliosis
question
Fasiculus cutaneous
answer
Ascending: Sensory for trunk, neck, UE proprioception, vibration, 2-point discrimination, graphesthesia
question
Fasciculus graciis
answer
Ascending: Sensory for trunk and LE proprioception, 2-pt discrimination, vibration, graphesthesia
question
Spinocerebellar (dorsal)
answer
Ascending: Sensory to cerebellum for ipsilateral subconcious proprioception, tension in muscles, joint sense, posture of trunk and LE's
question
Spinocerebellar (ventral)
answer
Ascending: Sensory to cerebellum for ipsilateral subconcious proprioception, tension in muscles, joint sense, and posture of the trunk, UE's, and LE's
question
Spino-olivary
answer
Ascending: to cerebellum and relays information from cutaneous and proprioceptive organs
question
Spinoreticular
answer
Ascending: afferent pathway for the reticular formation that influences levels of conciousness
question
Spinotectal
answer
Ascending: sensory tract providing afferent information for spinovisual reflexes and assists with movement of the eyes and head towards the stimuli
question
Spinothalamic (anterior)
answer
Ascending: Sensory tract for light touch and pressure
question
Spinothalamic (lateral)
answer
Ascending: Sensory for pain and temperature sensation
question
Corticospinal (anterior)
answer
Descending: pyramidal motor tract responsible for ipsilateral voluntary descrete and skilled movmenets
question
Corticospinal (lateral)
answer
Descending: pyramidal motor tract responsible for contralateral voluntary fine movement
question
Reticulospinal
answer
Descending: extrapyramidal motor tract responsible for facilitation or inhibition of voluntary and reflex activity through the influence of alpha and gamma motor neurons
question
Rubrospinal
answer
Descending: extrapyramidal motor tract; motor input of gross postural tone, facilitating activity of flexor muscles and inhibiting the ctivity of extensor muscles
question
Tectospinal
answer
Descending: extrapyramidal motor tract responsible for contralateral postureal muscles tone associated with auditory/visual stimuli
question
Vestibulospinal
answer
Descending: extrapyramidal motor; responsible for ipsilateral gross postural adjustment subsequent to head movements, facilitating activity of the extensor muscles and inhibitng activity of flexor muscles
question
Reflex grading
answer
0: no response; 1+: diminished; 2+ normal; 3+: brisk/exagerated; 4+: hyperactive
question
Hypercalcemia s/s
answer
Lethargy, nausea, altered mood, anorexia; complications of SCI
question
Wallenberg's syndrome
answer
Similar to Pusher's syndrome, but propulsion towards side of lesion (the "good side")
question
ALS (genetic cause)
answer
Mutation on SOD1 gene on chromosome 21
question
ICP norm
answer
4-15 mm Hg
question
ATNR (integrated?)
answer
6 months
question
STNR (integrated?)
answer
6-8 months
question
Tonic Labyrinthe Relfex (reflex and integration?)
answer
In supine: body and extremities are held in extension; in prone, body and extremities are held in flexion; 6 months
question
Galant (integration?)
answer
2 months
question
Palmar grasp (integration?)
answer
4 months
question
Plantar grasp (integration?)
answer
9 months
question
Rooting reflex (integration?)
answer
3 months
question
Moro reflex (integration?)
answer
5 months
question
Startle reflex (integration?)
answer
5 months
question
Positive support reflex (integration?)
answer
2 months
question
Walking (stepping) reflex (Integration?)
answer
2 months
question
Motor milestone: roll prone to supine
answer
2-3 months
question
Motor milestone: visually follow through 180 degrees
answer
2-3 months
question
Motor milestone: bears weight on extended arms, prone pivot
answer
4-5 months
question
Motor milestone: rolls from supine to side
answer
4-5 months
question
Motor milestone: grasps and releases toys
answer
4-5 months
question
Motor milestone: lifts head in pull to sit, sit independantly
answer
6-7 months
question
Motor milestone: gets into hands and knees position
answer
8-9 months
question
Motor milestone: sits without hand support for longer periods of time
answer
8-9 months
question
Motor milestone: stands at furniture, pulls to stand
answer
8-9 months
question
Motor milestone: crawls forward, cruises
answer
8-9 months
question
Motor milestone: stands without support briefly
answer
10-11 months
question
Motor milestone: creeps or hitches up stairs
answer
12-15 months
question
Motor milestone: kicks and throws ball
answer
16-24 months
question
Motor milestone: walks on tip toes, runs
answer
2 years
question
Motor milestone: skips, gallops, hand preference evident
answer
5-8 years
question
Motor milestone: jumps up to 2 feet, jumps over 12 in obstacle, runs fast
answer
3-4 years
question
Down's syndrome (genetic abnormality?)
answer
extra 21st chromosome (trisomy 21)
question
Prader-Will syndrome (genetic abnormality?)
answer
partial deletion of chromosome 15; more prone to childhood obesity
question
Stroke volume (norm?)
answer
60-80 ml
question
Tetralogy of Fallot (4 features?)
answer
1. Ventricular septal defect 2. Pulmonary stenosis 3. R ventricular hypertrophy 4. Aorta overriding the ventricular septal defect
question
Cystic fibrosis (genetic?)
answer
Chromosome 7
question
Blood pH (norm?)
answer
7.4
question
PaCO2 (norm?)
answer
40 mm Hg
question
PaO2 (norm?)
answer
97 mm Hg
question
Bicarbonate (norm?)
answer
24 mEq/L
question
V3 heart sound
answer
ventricular gallop; can be normal in children, abnormal in adults; associated with acute heart failure
question
V4 heart sound
answer
abnormal; associated with HTN, stenosis, heart disease, MI; artial gallop
question
Pulse grading
answer
0: absent; 1+: small, reduced; 2+: normal; 3+: bounding
question
Breathing pattern: Biot's
answer
irregular associated with increased ICP or damage to the medulla
question
Breathing pattern: Bradypnea
answer
associated with neurological or electrolyte disturbance, infection, or high levels of cardiovascular fitness
question
Breathing pattern: Cheyne-Stokes (periodic)
answer
decreased rate and depth with periods of apnea, d/t CNS damage
question
Breathing pattern: Kussmaoul's
answer
deep and fast breathing, associated with metabolic acidosis
question
Dressing that enables autolytic debridement
answer
Hydrocolloid
question
Wilson's disease
answer
defect in ability to metabolize copper
question
Addison's disease
answer
Adrenal hypofunction S/S: hypoTN, weakness, anorexia, weight loss, altered pigmentation
question
Cushing's syndrome
answer
Adrenal hyperfunction S/S: hyperglycemia, growth failure, obesity, "moon" shaped face, "buffalo hump", weakness, acne, HTN
question
Hypothyroidism S/S
answer
fatigue, weakness, dec HR, weight gain, constipation, delayed puberty, retarded growth and development
question
Hyperthyroidism S/S
answer
inc nervousness, excessive sweating, weight loss, inc BP, myopathy, risk of rhabdomyolysis
question
Grave's disease
answer
MC in women over age 20, autoimmune, over-active thyroid gland S/S: same as hyperthyroidism including heat intolerance, weight loss, tremor, palpitations
question
Post-pardum thyroiditis
answer
Initial hyperthyroidism followed by hypothyroidism S/S: tachycardia, unexplained weight loss, anxiety, irritability, fatigue, heat sensitivity
question
Hypoparathyroidism S/S
answer
hypocalcemia, neurological symptoms (seizures, cognitive defects, short stature, tetany/muscle spasms, muscle pain, cramps)
question
Hyperparathyroidism S/S
answer
renal stones, kidney damage, depression, memory loss, muscle wasting, bone deformity, myopathy
question
Blood glucose (norms?)
answer
Fasting: 70-130 mg/dL After meal: < 180 mg/dL
question
Hyperglycemia S/S
answer
dyspnea, fruity breathe odor, dry mouth, nausea, vomiting, confusion, LOC
question
Hypoglycemia s/s
answer
Hunger, sweating, dizziness, clumsiness, HA; may have LOC if too low
question
Klinefelter's syndrome
answer
Male hypogonadism; deficiency in testosterone
question
Turner syndrome
answer
female hypogonadism
question
Baden-walker system
answer
classification of uterine prolapse
question
Ionto indication and polarity: Acetic acid
answer
calcific deposits, myositis ossificans; negative
question
Ionto indication and polarity: Calcium chloride
answer
scar tissue, keloids, muscle spasm; negative
question
Ionto indication and polarity: Copper sulfate
answer
fungal infections; positive
question
Ionto indication and polarity: dexamethasone
answer
inflammation; negative
question
Ionto indication and polarity: Iodine
answer
scars, adhesive capsulitis; negative
question
Ionto indication and polarity: Lidocaine
answer
analgesia, inflammation; positive
question
Ionto indication and polarity: Magnesium sulfate
answer
muscle spasms, ischemia; positive
question
Ionto indication and polarity: Salicylates
answer
muscles and joint pain, plantar warts; negative
question
Ionto indication and polarity: zinc oxide
answer
healing, dermal ulcers, wounds; positive
question
Ejection fraction (norm?)
answer
60%
