Biomedical Therapies – Flashcards
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Antidepressant drugs improve the condition of patients with depression by __________.
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blocking the reuptake of serotonin in the brain.
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Deep brain stimulation is a method in which __________.
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electrodes are surgically implanted into the brain of a mental patient and a small box is embedded under the collar bone
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Which of the following is the only treatment that actually requires a surgical intervention?
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Deep Brain Stimulation
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Electroconvulsive therapy is still used to treat __________.
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severe depression
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Lithium is a type of __________ drug.
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antigenic
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Which of the following is a newer, noninvasive treatment for depression that stimulates the frontal lobes, but unlike electroconvulsive therapy, requires no anesthesia or muscle relaxants?
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Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)
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Linda, a chronic depression patient, is asked by her doctor to undergo a treatment in which a pulsing magnetic coil will be used on her skull over the left prefrontal cortex. Which of the following treatments is Linda likely to undergo?
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TMS
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A syndrome caused by antipsychotic drugs that causes repetitive involuntary jerks and movements of the face, lips, legs, and body is __________.
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tardive dyskinesia
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__________ drugs are used to treat symptoms such as delusions, hallucinations, and other bizarre behavior.
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Antipsychotic
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SSRI medications are widely favored over MAOIs and tricyclics for the treatment of depression. This is because the latter two drugs __________.
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have the potential for dangerous side effects and interactions
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The potential for addiction and for patients taking larger doses than prescribed to "escape" are both risks associated with prescribing __________.
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antianxiety drugs
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Mario is taking a psychotropic medication, and he has developed a side-effect where he has involuntary jerks of his head, face, and tongue. This side-effect, called tardive dyskinesia, is sometimes seen when people take __________.
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antipsychotic drugs
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Which of the following is an understood side effect that often accompanies sessions of electroconvulsive therapy?
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Short-term amnesia
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Which of the following statements is true of electroconvulsive therapy?
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The mood-improving effect of the therapy is usually short-lived.
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Although different medications that are prescribed to treat various psychological disorders have varying mechanisms by which they are effective, they all share what one thing in common?
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They cross the blood-brain barrier.
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After medication and psychotherapy did not relieve Maria's severe depression, she tried to commit suicide. Maria's doctor suggested she consider undertaking a different biomedical therapy. Which of the following is her doctor most likely to recommend?
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Electroconvulsive therapy
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Dr. Karev decides to treat his patient with bipolar disorder by prescribing antimanic drugs in addition to his other therapy approaches. Dr. Karev is using __________ to treat his patient.
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psychopharmacology
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Which of the following treatments for depression is thought to work by inducing a controlled seizure, even though the exact mechanism by which it works is unclear?
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ECT
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__________, a Portuguese neurologist, invented psychosurgery in 1935.
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ANTONIO
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Which of the following is true of deep brain stimulation?
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Claims of success are based on self-reports so the placebo effect may play a role.
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Prefrontal lobotomy is a form of __________.
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psychosurgery
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A drug that elevates the levels of norepinephrine and serotonin in the brain by deactivating an enzyme that metabolizes these neurotransmitters would most likely be a(n) __________.
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Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor (MAOI)
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This class of antidepressant medications has been shown to lead to neurogenesis—the growth of new neurons __________.
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selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
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There are some people who believe that medications are all that is needed to treat a mental disorder. Others believe that psychotherapy is far superior to the use of medications. Still others believe that neither should be used. What does research tell us about the effectiveness of these forms of treatment?
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drug treatments are typically more effective when combined with psychotherapy.
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Though psychosurgical procedures, like the prefrontal lobotomy, used to be practiced with regularity in many countries, they are performed with great rarity these days. The lobotomy, in fact, is never performed anymore. Why is psychosurgery considered such a "last resort" treatment?
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Performing surgery has health risks and can potentially have unintended consequences.
