Social Studies Sections 1 & 3 – Flashcards
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The Comstock Lode
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1. Discovered in Nevada in 1859 2. Importance: on of the richest silver mines in the world 3.Effect: made Nevada a center for mining
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The Boom Spreads
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1. Few prospectors became rich because the ore was deep underground and it was expensive to extract 2. By the 1880s, western mining had become a big business
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Life in Mining Towns
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1. Tent cities arose around mining camps and quickly became boomtowns 2. Nearly half of all miners were forgein-born 3. Because mining towns were grew fast, it was had to find law && order. Miners formed groups of vigilantes, who hunted down bandits and imposed their own rough bands of justice 4. As towns grew, local residents looked for more lasting forms of government 5. In some towns, all the ore was soon extracted, and mines shut down, miners moved away, businesses failed, and merchants left.
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Aids to Railroads
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1. To encourage the growth of railroads, the government offered railroads subsides, which are grants of land or money 2.Railroads also received federal loans
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Transcontinental Railroad
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1. Transcontinental Railroad spanned the continent 2. In 1862, the Central Pacific Railroad won the right to build a line eastward from Sacramento. The Union Pacific Railroad would build west from Omaha. 3. The railroads hired thousands of workers, including 10,000 Chinese 4. On may 10, 1869, the two lines met in Promontory, Utah
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Effects of the Railroads
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1. On population: rapid growth brought political changes 2. Political Changes; NV-1864; CO- 1876; ND, SD, MT, && WA- 1889; ID, WY- 1890 (became states)
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CAUSE- Railroads swept across the Plains.
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EFFECT- Texas ranchers began driving cattle towards rail lines to get the cattle to distant market. Cowhands followed trails such as the Chisholm Trail and the Goodnight-Loving Trail.
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CAUSE-Cowhands who drove cattle needed to unwind at the end of the trail, where they faced dangers such as packed animals, stampedes, fires, and thieves.
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EFFECT- Cowtowns sprang up along rail lines. Here, dancehalls, saloons, hotels, and resturants served the cowboys.
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CAUSE- Cowhands borrowed much from early Spanish and MExican vaqueros.
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EFFECT- Cowhands learned to ride, rope, and brand. They wore spurs, chaps, and broad-brimmed hats.
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CAUSE- Buffalo Bill created a traveling Wild West show.
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EFFECT- The myth of the Wild West as a place of violence, adventure, and endless opportunity was spread.
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CAUSE- Profits roase. New breeds of cattle had fewer diseases and more meat than longhorns.
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EFFECT- The cattle industry booms. Backers from the East and Europe invested millions in huge cattle companies.
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CAUSE- In the 1880s, there was bad weather, economic depression, lower demand for beeg, and competiton with sheep. FArmers fenced the open range.
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EFFECT- The Cattle industry collapsed.
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Railroas expanded and their lines moved closer to ranches.
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LArge roundups and long cattle drives vanished. The cattle boom was over.
