MIT Chapter 8 – Flashcards
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e-commerce (electric commerce)
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systems that support electronically executed business transactions
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electronic data interchange (EDI)
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uses private communications networks - VANs - to transmit standardized transaction data between business partners and suppliers -reduce amount of paperwork and need for human intervention -beginning of e-commerce
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Value-added networks (VANs)
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private communications networks
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transaction
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exchange involving goods or services
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transaction processing system (TPS)
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information system used to support and record transactions such as paying for products or an employee
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batch transaction processing
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transactions are collected over time and processed together in batches - useful in situations where transactions take place away from the computer system or process would slow down
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online transaction processing
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processing takes place at the point of sale - critical to time-sensitive transactions
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transaction processing online
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data collection data editing data correction data manipulation data storage - TPS reports data output
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order processing system
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supports sales of goods or services to customers and arranges for shipment of products
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purchasing system
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supports the purchase of goods and raw materials from suppliers for manufacturing of products
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business-to-consumer e-commerce B2C e-commerce
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makes use of the WEb to connect individual consumers directly with sellers to purchase products (e-tailing)
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business-to-business e-commerce B2B e-commerce
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supports transactions between businesses across private networks, the internet and the Web -many take place over EDI networks
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consumer-to-consumer (C2C)
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uses the web to connect individuals who wish to sell their personal belongings with people shopping for used items
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e-commerce from a buyer's perspective
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realizing a need researching a product selecting a vendor providing payment accepting delivery using product support
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e-commerce from a seller's perspective
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-market research to identify customer needs -manufacturing products or suppling services that meet customer needs -marketing and advertising to make customers aware of available products and services -providing method for acquiring payments -making arrangements for delivery of product -providing after-sales support
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supply chain management (SCM)
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process of producing and selling goods (from the sellers perspective)
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SCM - demand planning
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analyzing buying patterns and forecasting customer demnad
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SCM - supply planning
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producing and making logistical attangements to ensure that you are able to meet the forecasted demand
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SCM - demand fulfillment
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process of getting the product or service to customer
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e-commerce benefits
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-buyers- convenient from own desk -sellers - extends markets -easier for new competitors to enter the market - small and large business competition -web allows for consumers to make educated decisions -extend line of business
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e-commerce challenges
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-businesses need to alter systems and business practices to accomodate new method of transaction processing -security, privacy, liability concerns -social concerns - not everyone has access
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retail e-commerce
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gives power to the customers
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cybermall
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Web site that allows visitors to browse through a wide variety of products varying from e-tailers
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online clearinghouses, web auctions, marketplaces
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provide platform for businesses and individuals to sell their products and belongings -managers to liquidate their stock and consumers to find a good deal
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global supply management (GSM)
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provides methods for businesses to find the best deals on the global market for raw materials and supplies needed to manufacture their products
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electronic exchange
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industry-specific Web resource created to provide a convenient centralized platform for B2B e-commerce among manufacturers, suppliers, and customers -promote cooperation between competing companies for greater industry-wide efficiency and effectiveness
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online marketing
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-advertisments make it possible for websites to operate free of charge -match ads with user's specific interests, providing valuable services to consumers
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the Web
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access to product information market research advertising
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rich media
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ads that use animation. video, sound, and sometimes interactive components usually developed by adobe flash - considered distracting and intrusive
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adwords
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google - nonintrusive, text-based words
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contextual ads
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ads specifically selected and placed to march the content of a web page/interest of person viewing page
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banking, financing, investments
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electronic banking, e-billing saving waste, investment decisions,
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m-commerce (mobile commerce)
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e-commerce taking place over wireless mobile devices and dashtop computer
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m-commerce technologies - Wireless Application Protocol (WAP)
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communication standard used by developers to create m-commerce applications
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m-commerce technologies - Wireless Markup Language (WML)
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part of WAP that is similar to HTML and is used to create web pages designed to fit on small displays of mobile devices
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m-commerce technologies - Near Field Communications (NFC), RFID, infrared, bluetooth
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technology that enables wireless, private, close-range, device-to-device communications
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m-commerce: through cell phone service providers
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ring tones, wallpaper, games, news alerts, media streaming music and videos
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m-commerce: over the mobile web
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download m-commerce applications; WML to fit mobile phones; location-based m-commerce applications - use gps or cell network to provide location-related services
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m-commerce: through SMS text messaging
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used to order merchandise, advertise, cell phones as tickets
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m-commerce: through short-range wireless data communications
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electronic payments; proximity payment system - allows customers to transfer funds wirelessly between their mobile device and point-of-sale terminal
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e-commerce host
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company that takes on some or all of the responsibility of setting up and maintaining an e-commerce system for a business or organization
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infrastructure
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adapt procedures; tech savvy and ability to understand how technology can assit in meeting goals of organization
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hardware and networking
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enough computing power and network bandwidth to support the web traffic your site generates
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load balancing
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used by businesses that choose to outsource to web hosting company - where if one server goes down, another one picks up the slack
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web server software
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fulfill requests for web pages from brosers
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web server utility programs
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web analytics - provide statistical information about server usage and web site traffic patterns - gage success
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e-commerce software
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catalog management software, electronic shopping cart software, payment software
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web site design tools
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WYSIWYG - simple gto lay out web page design
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application programming interfaces (APIs)
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allow software engineers to develop web-driven programs
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to build traffic - 3C's approach
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content, community, commerce - people prefer web sites that offer free and useful information and serices ocer those that offer only a sales pitch
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to build traffic - keywords and search engines
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choose proper name, descriptive domain name, business-related keywords listed in html code of web page meta tag
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meta tag
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read by search engines and web servers but are not displayed on the page by a web browser
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to build traffic - marketing
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search engines and partnerships
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e-cash
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web service that provides private and sercure method of transferring funds from a bank account or credit card to online vendors or individuals (paypal)
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electronic wallet
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application that encrypts and store your credit card information, e-cash information, bank account info, etc securely on computer
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smart cards
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credit cards or ID cards with embedded microchips that can store and process data
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international markets
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-make sure all nationalities and cultures feel at home/comfortable when viewing page -localization -foreign currency exchange
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localization
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multiple versions of website to taylor to different cultural bias
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digital certificate
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type of electronic business card that is attached to internet transaction data to verify the sender of the data
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encryption
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uses high-level mathematical functions and computer algorithms to encode data so that it is unintelligible to all but the intended recipient
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Secure sockets layer & transport layer security
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technologies allowed for encrypted communications to occur between Web browser and Web server
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business continuity planning (BCP)
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guards against every conceivable disaster that could negatively impact the system and provides courses of action to minimize their effects
