Information Systems Chapter 5 – Flashcards
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Software that organizes, manages, and processes business data, such as data concerned with inventory, customers, and vendors, is called:
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data management software
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Software that manages the resources of the computer is called:
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system software
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Software used to apply the computer to a specific task for an end user is called:
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application software
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Legacy systems are still in use today because:
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they are too expensive to redesign.
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What would be a reason for using a workstation rather than a personal computer?
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When you need more powerful computational abilities
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Which of the following types of computer is used for weather forecasting?
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Supercomputer
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Connecting geographically remote computers in a single network to create a "virtual supercomputer" is called:
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grid computing
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The use of multiple computers linked by a communications network for processing is called:
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distributed processing
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The business case for using grid computing involves all of the following except:
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centralized maintenance
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In client/server computing, the client is:
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the computer that acts as the user point of entry
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In client/server computing, the server
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Stores and processes shared data and performs network management activities
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In a multitiered network:
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the work of the entire network is balanced over several levels of servers.
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A client computer networked to a server computer, with processing split between the two types of machines, is called a(n) ________ architecture.
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two-tiered client/server
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The primary storage technologies are:
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storage networks (connect multiple storage devices on a separate high-speed network dedicated to storage), magnetic tape, magnetic disk, and optical disk.
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Which of the following is a type of optical disk storage?
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CD-rom
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Which of the following storage technology stores data sequentially?
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Magnetic tape
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A high-speed network dedicated to storage that connects different kinds of storage devices, such as tape libraries and disk arrays so they can be shared by multiple servers, best describes:
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SAN (Storage Area Networks)
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What type of device gathers data and converts them into electronic form for use by the computer?
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input devices
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Which device displays data after its processed
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Output devices
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Which of the following is a device used to collect data directly from the environment for input into a computer system?
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sensor
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Which of the following is not a type of output device?
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keyboard
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Which of the following statements is not true about cloud computing?
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It removes the concern about data and systems security for businesses.
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Purchasing computing power from a central computing service and paying only for the amount of computing power used is commonly referred to as:
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utility computing
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An example of autonomic computing is:
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virus protection software that runs and updates itself automatically.
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An industry-wide effort to develop systems that can configure, optimize, tune, and heal themselves when broken, and protect themselves from outside intruders and self-destruction is called:
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autonomic computing
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Which of the following types of computer would you use to support a computer network?
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server
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The interactive, multiuser operating system developed by Bell Laboratories in 1969 to be highly supportive of communications and networking is:
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unix
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virtualization
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can boost server utilization rates to 70% or higher.
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Which of the following is not one of the most important four programming languages for business?
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java
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Linux is:
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an example of open-source software.
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Linux plays a major role in supporting business information systems, and has garnered about ________ of the U.S. server market.
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25 percent
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Languages that enable a user to make requests using conversational commands resembling human speech are called:
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natural languages
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A report generator is a type of:
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4th generation language
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Microsoft Word is an example of:
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word-processing software
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Two categories of fourth-generation languages are:
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graphics language and application software package
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Microsoft Excel is an example of:
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spreadsheet software
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Which type of software provides more control over text and graphic placement in the layout of a page than word processing software?
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desktop publishing software
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The main challenge coming to Microsoft's Office software suite will be:
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Web-based productivity software such as Google Apps.
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A software suite:
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includes full-featured versions of application software bundled as a unit.
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Running a Java program on a computer requires:
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a Java virtual machine to be installed on the computer.
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According to your reading of the chapter opening case, which new hardware technology did BART utilize to more closely match its computing power and storage capacities to its real needs?
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grid computing
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What is the foundation technology for Web services?
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XML
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Web Services
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Software components that exchange information with one another using universal web communication standards and languages
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HTML vs HTML 5
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HTML : Page description language for specifying how elements are placed on a web page for creating links to other pages and objects HTML 5: new evolution of HTML, enables multimedia embedding without 3rd party add-ons such as flash
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A set of self-contained services that communicate with each other to create a working software application is called:
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SOA (service oriented architecture)
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ChicagoCrime.org, which combines Google Maps with crime data for the city of Chicago, is an example of:
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a mashup
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________ describes the efforts of companies to reduce the power and cooling costs of maintaining their technology assets.
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green computing
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Software applications that combine different online software applications are referred to as:
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mashups
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All of the following place strain on system capacity, except for:
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minimized response time for transaction processing.
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Which of the following refers to the ability of a computer, product, or system to expand to serve a larger number of users without breaking down?
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scalability
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To analyze the direct and indirect costs and determine the actual cost of specific technology implementations, you would use a:
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total cost of ownership model. (TCO)
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The contracting of custom software development to outside firms is commonly referred to as:
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outsourcing
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In order to manage their relationship with an outsourcer or technology service provider, firms need a contract that includes a(n):
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SLA (service level agreement)
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In co-location, a firm:
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purchases and owns their Web server but locates the server in the physical facility of a hosting service.
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The floppy disk used by earlier generation PCs for portable storage has now been largely replaced by:
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flash drives
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A(n) ________ allows users to interact with a computer by using several fingers to perform gestures without using a mouse or keyboard.
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multitouch interface
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________ is free software created and updated by a worldwide community of programmers.
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open-source software
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________ is an operating system-independent, processor-independent, object-oriented programming language that has become a leading interactive programming environment for the Web.
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Java
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operating system software
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controls computer activities
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IT infrastructure
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Provides platform for supporting all information systems in the business
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Servers
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Support computer network, sharing files and resources
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Mainframes
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Large capacity, high performance computer that can process large amounts of data very rapidly. Ex. Airline mainframes handle thousands of reservations per second
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Supercomputer
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More sophisticated computer used for tasks requiring extremely rapid and complex calculations with thousands of variables and millions of measurements
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nanotechnology
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Uses individual atoms and molecules to create computer chips and other devices thousands of times smaller than current technologies
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Quantum computing
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Uses principles of quantum physics to represent data and perform operations on the data
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Capacity planning
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Process of predicting when hardware system becomes saturated
