Chapter 21 Test Questions – Flashcards
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1. Which political party controlled national politics during the 1920's?
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The Republicans
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2. How did the domestic and foreign policies of the Republicans in the 1920's differ from those of the Progressives?
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3. What did Warren Harding mean when he said he would bring the nation "Back to Normalcy?"
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He would bring it back to laissez-faire economics, pro big business, and isolationism
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4. What two policies did the Republican politicians of the 1920's pursue that crated a favorable economic climate for big business?
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They raised tariffs and lowered taxes on corporations and the wealthy
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5. What was the primary goal of the Washington Naval Conference of 1921? What two policies were agreed upon by the attending powers?
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The primary goal was Global peace, it was the first conference where military powers voluntarily agreed to disarm. They decided to get rid of all warships, and not to build any new ones for 10 years.
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6. Which industry did the Esch-Cummings Act help? List four stipulations of this act covered in class.
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Helped the railroad industry a. RR where given back to private ownership b. ICC began to set RR rates that guaranteed RR would make a profit. c. Made it easier for RR to consolidate d. Another RR board was created
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7. How did the Fordney-McCumber Tariff differ from Woodrow Wilson's Underwood Tariff?
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It raised tariffs and supported big businesses
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8. What was President Coolidge's economic philosophy?
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The man who builds big business builds a temple (supported big businesses)
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9. What was the Farm Bloc? What did they want the government to do? How does President Coolidge respond to their demands?
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It was made up of congressmen from the western states. They wanted the government to buy up all of the farm surplus which would create an artificial shortage and create more business. Coolidge vetos this.
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10. List five Republican pro-business policies.
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a. Laissez-faire economics b. The presidents appoint people to government regulatory agencies who are pro big business c. Continued to give wealthy people tax breaks d. Encouraged business mergers e. Appoint conservative judges to the courts
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11. Explain the purpose of the Kellogg-Briand Pact and the Geneva Conference.
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The Kellogg-Briand Pact wanted to make war illegal which was redundant because you would have to use force to reinforce no war. The Geneva Conference agreed to reduce the number of warships even more.
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12. What did the Dawes Plan deal with? How did this work?
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The US would loan Germany 2.5 Billion dollars to rebuild its economy and pay for the war. The US would give Germany money which they would give to France and England and then they would pay the US the money they got from Germany.
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13. From what country did President pull out US troops?
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Nicaragua
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14. What was the primary cause of the economic downturn of farmers in the 1920's?
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15. What did the Progressive Party campaign on in 1924?
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They wanted government control of the RR, the water companies, and direct aid to farmers
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16. What happened to the labor movement during the 1920's?
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Labor Unions declined dramatically
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Warren Harding
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Republican 1920
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James Cox
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Democrat 1920
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Herbert Hoover
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Sec. of Commerce
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Harry Daugherty
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Attorney General ... Liquor and Pardon Scandal
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Albert Fall
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Sec. of the Interior ... Teapot Dome Scandal
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Andrew Mellon
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Sec. of Treasure
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Teapot Dome, Wyoming
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Charles Forbes
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Veterans Bureau Scandal
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Col. Thomas Miller
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Office of Alien Property Scandal
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Calvin Coolidge
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Republican 1924
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Robert La Follette
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Progressive 1924
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John Davis
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Adjusted Compensation Act
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Jones-White Act
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Al Smith
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1. List and discuss the four scandals that occurred during Warren Harding's administration.
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