APUSH Chapter 9 Notes – Flashcards
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Society of the Cincinnati
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The Continental Army officers formed an exclusive hereditary order
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Virginia Statues o Religious Freedom
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Created in 1786 by Thomas Jefferson and his co-reformers States that religion should not be imposed on anybody
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Anti-Slavery Society
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Founded by the Philadelphia Quakers in 1775
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Abolition of the Slave Trade
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In 1774, the first continental congress called for this Northern states abolished slavery, South did not
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New Constitution
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The 2nd Continental Congress called to draft this in 1775
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Fundamental Law
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Represent fundamental Constitutions superior o short lived legislation
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Capitols Moved
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During the Revolution Era, capitols o NH, NY, VA, NC, SC, and GA moved westward.
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Economic Crosscurrents
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Economic democracy preceded political democracy Had to make own goods Economy bad resulting in many poor Americans
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Articles of Confederation
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Drafted before independence, by the 2nd Continental Congress Adopted by Congress in 1777 Convinced France I had a government Not ratified by all until 1781
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Congress Handicapes
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1. Had no power to regulate commerce 2. Couldn't enforce it's tax collection program States ASKED to pay taxes
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Land Ordinance of 1785
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Stated that the acreage of the Old Northwest should e sold to pay debt
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Northwest Ordinance of 1787
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A uniform national land policy Land could be purchased When a territory had 60,000 people, it became a state
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Navigation Laws
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Britain failed to repeal this or make any commerce treaty
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Lord Sherfield
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Argued that Britain could win back America's trade
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British remained in Americas
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To keep the Indians on Britain's side Defend Canada against American attacks
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Spain Relations
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In 1784, Spain was unfriendly to America by closing off the Mississippi River to commerce
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Shay's Rebellion
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In Western Massachusetts in 1786, when impoverished farmers attempted to enforce demands of lighter taxes, cheaper money, and the suspension of property takeovers
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Captain Daniel Shays
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Led the Shay's rebellion in 1786
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Convention at Annapolis, Maryland
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Virginia Called for this in 1786
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Alexander Hamilton
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Saved the convention from collapsing Advocate of a strong Central government
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Constitutional Convention
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On May 25, 1787, 55 representatives were sent to Philadelphia Washington elected as the leader
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Large-State Plan
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Proposed by Virginia that stated that Congress reps. would be based upon population
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Small-State Plan
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Proposed by New Jersey Plan, stated that representation in Congress should be equal
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The Great Compromise
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Called for a Senate (equal rep.) and a House of Representatives (population based)
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Three-Fifths Compromise
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Slaves would count as 3/5 of a person for population
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Slave Trade
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New institution called for an end to slave trade by the end of 1807
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Checks and Balances
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Constitutional Convention members agreed that a 3 branch government system
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Anti Federalists
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Led by Samuel Adams, Patrick Henry, and Richard Henry Lee Consisted of the poor
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Federalists
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Led by George Washington and Benjamin Franklin Most lived on seaboard, and were more wealthy Controlled the press
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First States to sign the Constitution
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DE, CN, MA, Maryland, SC, and NH
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Lagging States
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The 4 state to not sign the Constitution VA, NY, NC, and RI
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The 4 Laggard States
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RI was the last to sign the Constitution Had to ratify because they couldn't exist outside it
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Conservative Triumph
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Believed it all represented the people
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Lagging States
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