History of Western Art quiz 1 – Flashcards
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Venus of Laussel
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Limestone relief sculpture; traces of red ochre pigment; woman is holding an animal horn
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Chinese Horse lascaux
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painting of horse on limestone rock; sagging body may suggest pregnancy; arrows or plants near it; small head
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bull lascaux
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Paleo, 15,000 BCE
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capstone
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a stone that forms the top of wall or building
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megalith
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memorial consisting of a very large stone forming part of a prehistoric structure (especially in western Europe)
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dolmen
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a prehistoric megalith typically having two upright stones and a capstone
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menir
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Stonehedge
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2500-1500 BCE Neolithic. Salisbury Plain, Wiltshire, England. Could have been built around the same time as pyramids. Famous because of its many myths and legends and is best preserved.Diameter of circle is 97 ft. long.
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mesopotamia
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the land between the Tigris and Euphrates
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cylinder seal cuneiform
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a cylindrical piece of stone usually about an inch or so in height, decorated with an incised design, so that a raised pattern was left when the seal was rolled over soft clay. In the ancient Near East, documents, storage jars, and other important possessions were signed, sealed, and identified in this way
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lyre sound box bull's head
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comes from the tomb of Queen Puabi around 2685 BC. its made up of wood and inlaid gold lapis lazuli and shell its 13 in high. the images on the from represent mythological creatures.
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Babylonian Code of Law
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hammurabi
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stele
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an ancient upright stone slab bearing markings
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King Assyria
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one of many kings who ruled mesopotamia after the fall of Sumer
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Lamassu
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Assyrian guardian in the form of a man-headed winged bull
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cromlech
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a prehistoric megalith typically having two upright stones and a capstone
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ziggurat
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a rectangular tiered temple or terraced mound erected by the ancient Assyrians and Babylonians
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Palette of King Narmer
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Egypt Green schist (slate) 3000-2600 B.C.E.
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mastaba
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an ancient Egyptian mudbrick tomb with a rectangular base and sloping sides and flat roof
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canopic jar
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a jar used in ancient egypt to contain entrails of an embalmed body
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pyramids of giza
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was built on west side of Nile, closer to the Sun God. Khafre - son of Khufu, and Menkaure - grandson of Khufu. behind are three smaller pyramids for his wives.
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sphinx
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one of a number of large stone statues with the body of a lion and the head of a man that were built by the ancient Egyptians
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funerary temple of Queen Hapshetsut
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Temple of Ramses II
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1290-1224 BCE; New Kingdom; Abu Simbel, Egypt; Sandstone
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rosetta stone
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an inscription of a black basalt stone
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Queen Nefertiti
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1345 BCE. Painted limestone.
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akhenaten
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early ruler of Egypt who rejected the old gods and replaced them with sun worship (died in 1358 BC)
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King Tut
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Known as the boy king because he ruled for 9 years and died before his 20th birthday
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Aegean
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an arm of the Mediterranean between Greece and Turkey
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cycladic idol
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idols found in Ancient Aegea; no facial features except nose; long necks; folded arms no negative space; very similar forms
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minoan
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a Cretan who lived in the bronze-age culture of Crete about 3000-1100 BC
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thesus and minotaur
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A boy went over to slay the beast and then he told his father that if the beast was dead that he would make the sail white. He forgot and his father jumped off a cliff and died and they called it the Aegian sea.
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snake goddess
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from the palace at Knossos, Crete, Minoan, ca. 1600 BCE, Faience. This figurine may represent a priestess, but more likely a bare-breasted goddess. The snakes and feline imply that she has power over the animal world.
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octopus vase
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Palaikastro, Crete. ca. 1500 BCE stirrup jar
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parthenon
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the main temple of the goddess Athena
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corbeling
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layers of flat stones without mortar to form walls with each layer further inward that the previous
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tholos tomb
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In Mycenean architecture, a beehive-shaped tomb with a circular plan.
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caryatid porch
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ladies holding up building extension
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geometric vase
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used for mixing wine, male vessel (WOMEN DIDNT DRINK) this specific piece is a gravemarker. Geometric period-designs, fear of open space. can tell mourners are women, boobs come out of armmpits, male has small penis. procession below
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black figure vase
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A vase which depicted the main focus of the art on it as black (geometric period)
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red figure vase
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later Greek pottery, silhouetting of red figures against black background; painted linear details!
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peplos kore
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530 BCE, Archaic Period. female counterpart to Kouros. patterned treatment of hair, archaic smile, arms attached to side. women are never portrayed nude.
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New York Kouros
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600 BC (Archaic) -Left Leg in front (BATTLE STANCE) -YOUNG MALE -PERFECTION OF HUMAN FORM -FISTS CONNECTED TO THIGHS
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Contrappasto
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refers to natural weight shift; natural curve in a body- slightly turned head perhaps and not gazing into endlessness
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poseidon
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(Greek mythology) the god of the sea and earthquakes in ancient mythology
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nike
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(Greek mythology) winged goddess of victory
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Athena
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(Greek mythology) goddess of wisdom and useful arts and prudent warfare
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doric order
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the oldest and simplest of the Greek orders and the only one that normally has no base
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Sleeping Eros
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3rd century b.c.-early 1st century a.d. Greek or Roman Bronze hellenistic
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capitoline wolf
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Bronze portrayal of a she-wolf. used as the symbol of Rome. Children later addition. Shows great sense of animal anatomy.
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coliseum
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an oval large stadium with tiers of seats
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Basilica
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an early Christian church designed like a Roman basilica
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nave
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the central area of a church
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trajan market
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best example of groin vault with windows allowing maximum of interior space with least amount of walls
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pont du guard
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Brought water from a distant mountain spring to Nimes(France). About 100 gallons a day for each inhabitant. 16 BCE
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pantheon
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(antiquity) a temple to all the gods
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arch of titus
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dedicated to emperor titus built by domitian built in 81-82 AD in the roman forum made of travertine carving inside it shows the sacking of jerusalem single arch
