question

What attracted the original settlers to the northern colonies?

answer

religious devotion

question

German friar, nailed protests against Catholic doctrines to the door of Wittenberg's cathedral in 1517, declared that the Bible alone was the source of God's word

answer

Martin Luther

question

of Geneva, creator of Calvinism, as it became the dominant theological credo of the New England Puritans, wrote Institutes of the Christian Religion which said humans were all weak and God was all knowing, introduced predestination

answer

John Calvin

question

Calvinist doctrine that God has foreordained some people to be saved and some to be damned, even though people did not know their fate, they lived sanctified lives to show to others that they were members of the elect

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predestination

question

receipt of God's free gift of saving grace

answer

conversion

question

broke ties with the Roman Catholic Church and became head of the Church of England

answer

King Henry VII

question

stimulated by King Henry's breaking with the Roman Catholic Church, came from commercially depressed woolen districts, relied on Calvinism which fed on the social unrest and economic disadvantage of this religious group

answer

Puritans

question

a group of extremely devout Puritans who were angered that they, the "visible saints" were forced to share pews with the damned in England, the most famous group were harassed out of the land by King James I who did not want to be defied politically, as these people moved into Holland

answer

Separatists

question

happened to the children of the Separatists in Holland that distressed them greatly

answer

Dutchification

question

the ship that the Separatists sailed to New England on after securing a charter with the Virginia Company after living in Holland

answer

Mayflower

question

Separatist who sailed on the Mayflower, Indian fighter and negotiator

answer

Captain Myles Standish

question

location chosen by the Pilgrims to settle, became squatters here since they had missed the land under their charter

answer

Plymouth Bay

question

written by the pilgrims, a simple agreement to form a crude government and to submit to the will of the majority under the regulations agreed upon

answer

Mayflower Compact

question

How many survivors of the 102 Pilgrims were left after their first winter?

answer

44

question

in 1621, the year after the Pilgrims arrived in New England, the celebration of bountiful harvests

answer

Thanksgiving

question

three things that stimulated the early Pilgrims' economy

answer

fur, fish, lumber

question

two mainstays of the Pilgrims, one for the body and one for the soul

answer

beaver and Bible

question

self taught scholar who was leader of the Pilgrims, elected governor 30 times

answer

William Bradford

question

Who did the Pilgrims merge with in 1691?

answer

Massachusetts Bay Colony

question

formed by non Separatist Puritans who feared for their faith and England's future (after Charles I had dismissed Parliament due to the Puritans)

answer

Massachusetts Bay Company

question

began on a larger scale than any other colony,

answer

Massachusetts Bay Colony

question

sugar rich island in the West Indies

answer

Barbados

question

occurred when about 70,000 refugees left England

answer

Great Migration

question

became the Massachusetts Bay Colony's first governor (served for 19 years), believing he had a call to do so, was also an attorney and manor in England, thought that democracy was the meanest and worst of all governments

answer

John Winthrop

question

three main industries of the Massachusetts Bay Colony

answer

fur trading, fishing, and shipbuilding

question

comprised of all "freemen," or adult males who belonged to the Puritan congregations

answer

Congregational Church

question

when religious leaders powerfully influenced admission to church membership by conducting public interrogations

answer

Bible Commonwealth

question

educated at Cambridge University, emigrated to Massachusetts to avoid persecution for his criticism of the Church of England, one of the early clergymembers in the Bible Commonwealth

answer

John Cotton

question

involved serious commitment to work and engagement in worldly pursuits, shared by the Puritans

answer

Protestant Ethic

question

an early group persecuted by the Puritans

answer

Quakers

question

challenged Puritan orthodoxy, claimed that a holy life was no sure sign of salvation and that the truly saved need not bother to obey the law of God or man, known as antinomianism (Greek for against the law), banished by the Puritans, killed by Indians while moving to New York

answer

Anne Hutchinson

question

extreme Separatist, denied the authority of civil government to regulate religious behavior, condemned the Bay Colony's charter for not compensating the Indians for their land, was banished for disseminating "newe and dangerous opinions," built a Baptist church in Providence, Rhode Island

answer

Roger Williams

question

the valley of the _____ River attracted Dutch and English settlers

answer

Connecticut

question

lead a group of Boston Puritans into Hartford, Connecticut

answer

Reverend Thomas Hooker

question

modern constitution created by the Connecticut River colony

answer

Fundamental Orders

question

founded in Connecticut by Puritans who contrived to set up an even closer church government alliance than in Massachusetts

answer

New Haven

question

attempted to colonize Maine and the surrounding areas, but they were absorbed by Massachusetts Bay after a formal purchase in 1677 from the Gorges heirs

answer

Sir Ferdinando Gorges

question

Wampanoag Indian who facilitated cultural accommodation with the Pilgrims, celebrated Thanksgiving with them and the rest of the Wampanoags after signing a treaty with them

answer

Squanto

question

occured when Metacom, son of Massasoit, forged an alliance with other Indian tribes and attacked the Europeans after the Pequot War

answer

King Philip's War

question

comprised of Puritan Massachusetts Bay Colony, Plymouth, New Haven, and Connecticut valley settlements, created for defense against the Indians, the French, and the Dutch

answer

New England Confederation

question

imposed from London, designed to promote efficiency in the administration of the English Navigation Laws, headed by Sir Edmund Andros, who established headquarters in Puritanical Boston, affiliated with the Church of England

answer

Dominion of New England

question

sought to stitch England's overseas possessions more tightly to the motherland by throttling American trade with countries not ruled by the English crown, caused smuggling

answer

Navigation Laws

question

when the people of England dethroned the Catholic James II, caused the collapse of the Dominion of New England, as a Boston mob rose against the regime

answer

Glorious Revolution

question

unofficial policy of relaxed royal control over colonial trade and only weak enforcement of Navigation Laws, lasted from the Glorious Revolution to the end of the French and Indian War

answer

salutary neglect

question

won their independence with the help of England, emerged as a major commercial and naval power, fought three Anglo Dutch naval wars with the English, became a leading colonial power in the east Indies, started the Dutch East India Company

answer

Netherlands

question

English explorer hired by Dutch East India Company, ventured into Delaware Bay and new york Bay hoping to find a shortcut through the continent, but had merely filled a Dutch claim to a wooded and watered area

answer

Henry Hudson

question

maintained profitable enterprises in the Caribbean, established outposts in Africa and a thriving sugar industry in Brazil, bought Manhattan Island from the Indians

answer

Dutch West India Company

question

located in the Hudson River area, established by the Dutch West India Company for its quick profit fur trade, always a secondary interest

answer

New Netherland

question

later New York City, located in New Netherland, company town, Quakers were abused here

answer

New Amsterdam

question

vast tracts of land along the Hudson River in New Netherlands granted to wealthy promoters in exchange for bringing fifty settlers to the property

answer

patroonship

question

lead by Protestant King Gustavus Adolphus, caused Sweden to colonize New Sweden on the Delaware River

answer

Thirty Years War

question

"Father Wooden Leg," lead the Dutch to attack the Swedish and absorb New Sweden

answer

Peter Stuyvesant

question

Charles II granted this area to his brother, the Duke of York, as the English took over New Netherland in the area, very aristocratic and autocratic

answer

New York

question

official name for the Quakers

answer

Religious Society of Friends

question

refused to support the established Church of England with taxes, congregated without clergy, spoke up in town meetings, abhorred strife and warfare and refused military service, persecuted in England

answer

Quakers

question

hoped to establish an asylum for his Quaker people, experiment with liberal ideas in government, and make a profit, secured land called Pennsylvania from the king for his father's death, best advertised of all colonies, later was arrested three times for treason and died of a stroke

answer

William Penn

question

Greek for brotherly love

answer

Philadelphia

question

also known as sumptuary laws, designed to restrict personal behavior in accord with a strict code of morality, passed across the colonies, particularly in Puritan New England and Quaker Pennsylvania

answer

blue laws

question

named after Lord De La Warr, harbored some Quakers, was under the rule of Pennsylvania until the American Revolution

answer

Delaware

question

term for Pennsylvania, New York, and New Jersey, describing their heavy grain exports

answer

bread colonies

question

two economies in the middle colonies

answer

lumbering and shipbuilding

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