Chapter 3 test review us history 1 – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
What is the economic theory of mercantilism?
answer
economic theory that a country should become self sufficient.
question
What two things did the "home" or "mother" country expect their colonies to provide?
answer
Raw materials and markets for finished products
question
What was the second goal of mercantilism?
answer
Balance of trade and to increase the national treasury.
question
Define Balance of Trade?
answer
selling more than you buy
question
What did the Navigation Acts require?
answer
• goods were shipped in either colonial or English ships. • All vessels had to be operated by crews that were at least three-quarters English or colonial. • The colonies could export certain products only to England. • Almost all goods traded between the colonies and Europe first had to pass through an English port.
question
Which colony protected the most about the passage of the Navigation Acts?
answer
Massachusetts
question
Why did colonial smuggling upset the British so much?
answer
They weren't getting all the raw material and making all the money
question
which English king created the Dominion of New England?
answer
King james II
question
What was the Dominion of New England?
answer
land from southern Maine to New Jersey was united into one vast colony
question
What were the three major changes that were made in Massachusetts Charter of 1691?
answer
called for the king to appoint the governor of Massachusetts and required more religious toleration and non-Puritan representation in the colonial assembly.
question
What distracted England in the late 1680's?
answer
France, which was competing with England for control of Europe.
question
How did the parliament try to strengthen the Navigation Acts after the Glorious Revolution?
answer
smuggling trails held in English Admiralty, created a board of trade
question
What is salutary neglect?
answer
beneficial neglect that allowed colonial government to form.
question
What was the real purpose of the colonial system?
answer
To make money for Britain
question
What raw materials were traded from the colonies to England?
answer
Raw materials lumber, fur, fish, and tobacco
question
The colonies received what finished products from England?
answer
English gave furniture, utensils, books, and china
question
Who was appointed the colonial governor for the Dominion of New England?
answer
Sir Edmund Andros
question
The new royal governor for the Dominion of New England upset many by doing what three things?
answer
Sir Edmund Andros, Questioned the law fullness of the Puritan religion, Enforced the Navigation Act, and He didn't ask before he taxed things.
question
James II was not well liked in England for what reason?
answer
He was Roman Catholic
question
How was colonial government structured?
answer
Governor, advisory council, local assembly
question
What reduced the number of towns and cities throughout the South?
answer
Agriculture in the form of Plantation system.
question
Why were plantations mostly self-sufficient?
answer
They grew everything they needed, with ships that came to them
question
What ethnic group settled much of Maryland, Virginia, and South Carolina?
answer
German
question
The Scots-Irish settled what sections of the South?
answer
Western part of north Carolina
question
In what areas of instruction did women in the south receive the most instruction?
answer
Domestic tasks and social graces
question
The indentured servants who came to the colonies mostly belonged to what group?
answer
Young White men
question
What percentage of the colonial population was made up of indentured servants?
answer
1/2 to 2/3 of the population
question
Why did many potential indentured servants decide not to come to the colonies?
answer
The death rate
question
Why did plantation owners begin to turn more toward the use of African slaves?
answer
They were theres for life
question
What were the three parts of triangular trade (locations only)?
answer
New England, Africa, Carribean
question
What products were traded on each leg of the triangular trade route?
answer
1)Rum and finished products shipped from New England to Africa and Traded for African slaves. 2)African slaves picked up and shipped across the Atlantic Ocean to the Caribbean where they were sold for sugar and molasses. 3)Sugar and Molasses then shipped to New England distiller's to be refined into Rum.
question
What was the middle passage?
answer
Slavery trade
question
What kind of ship board conditions did slaves have to endure to during the middle passage?
answer
Disease, malnourishment, whippings, lack of sanitation
question
What percentage of slaves worked in the fields?
answer
80% to 90%
question
Slaves that worked as domestic servants, usually performed what jobs?
answer
Black smith carpentar
question
What became an important cultural focal point for many slaves?
answer
dance
question
The most violent of the early slave rebellions was?
answer
stono rebellion
question
What were the three largest cash crops grown and sold in the south?
answer
riceTobacco Indigo
question
What was it about the rivers in the south that allowed plantations to do without cities?
answer
they were deep and wide enough for sea worthy vesels
question
What everyday tasks were women in the south expected to perform?
answer
cooking, sewing, laundry, milking the cows, slaughtering pigs, and tending the garden
question
Those who came to the colonies as indentured servants were most often trying to escape what kind of future in England?
answer
poor horrible
question
Slaves who worked at tradesmen usually performed what crafts?
answer
black smith, carpenter, brick layers
question
What happened to children whose parents were sold by masters?
answer
they were adopted by other slave families
question
slaves who escaped tried to join what group?
answer
native americans
question
In the ten years between 1650 and 1750 how much faster did the colonial economy grow than they British economy?
answer
twice as fast
question
The two areas of the colonies that grew the most were?
answer
Middle and New England Colonies
question
What modern conveniences of the times did northern cities offer their residents?
answer
parks, paved roads, oil lamps, police patrols
question
What did problems did northern colonies cities have to contend with?
answer
lack of firewood, clean water, and sanitation
question
What immigrant groups settled the northern colonies?
answer
Germans, Scots, dutch, Scandinavians, jews, Mennonites
question
What rights did slaves have in the north that they did not have in the south?
answer
slaves could sue and could be sued
question
When and where did the witchcraft trials take place?
answer
Salem
question
What were some of the contributing factors that set the stage for the witch trials?
answer
Witchcraft trials were a symptom of the political and religious upheaval going on in the colony at the time.
question
What was the Great Awakening?
answer
style of religion that was intended to revive peoples commitment to the church and God.
question
What did the Great Awakening emphasize?
answer
emotion
question
Who was is the puritan minister given credit for starting the Great Awakening?
answer
jonathan Edward's.
question
What was the Enlightenment?
answer
a scientific movement to gain knowledge through the use of reason and the scientific method
question
What did the Enlightenment emphasize?
answer
human reason and scientific analysis
question
Who were some of the great Enlightenment thinkers?
answer
Copernicus, Galileo, isaac Newton
question
How were New England farms different from southern farms/plantations?
answer
They produced several different crops instead of one.
question
What were the main crops grown in the middle colonies?
answer
livestock, wheat, corn, cattle, hogs
question
What were the three contributing factors reduced the power of the puritan church?
answer
massachusetts charter that required religious freedom allowed non puritans to vote, allowed non puritans to serve on the colonial assembly
question
Who was England's greatest rival for lands in North America?
answer
France
question
Who founded the city of Quebec and when was it founded?
answer
1608 Henry de chaplain
question
Who claimed the Mississippi River Valley for France?
answer
Robert Cavelier
question
Why were French relations with the Native American generally better than the English relations with Native Americans?
answer
French allowed Native Americans to do most of the trapping and then traded with them for furs
question
What sparked fighting between France and the British in North America?
answer
the establishment of fort Duquesne
question
Who did the governor of Virginia choose to lead the troops sent to drive the French out?
answer
George Washington
question
What was the outpost called that was established by the Virginian troops sent to attack the French?
answer
Necessity
question
Who dominated the first part of the French and Indian War?
answer
french
question
Which Native American tribe decided to join the British and colonial war effort?
answer
Iroquois
question
What was the decisive battle that won the war for the British and colonials?
answer
Battle of Quebec
question
What treaty ended the French and Indian War?
answer
Treaty of Paris 1763
question
The Treaty of Paris -1763 divided North America up in what ways?
answer
Great Britain received all French lands East of the Mississippi River (Including Florida) - Spain received all lands West of the Mississippi River(including city of New Orleans). - France kept only Newfoundland and some of their Caribbean islands
question
What was the proclamation of 1763 supposed to do?
answer
Designed to prevent colonist from moving into the Ohio River Valley
question
Writs of Assistance were?
answer
Writ of Assistance - basically a search warrant that allowed British troops to search colonial homes and businesses if they thought they might have smuggled goods
question
What did the Sugar Act do?
answer
1) Cut tax on molasses 2) Placed a tax on other every day items 3) Strengthen smuggling laws
question
What area of land was causing tensions between the French and British in North America?
answer
Ohio river valley
question
Who was the Native American leader who led forces against the British after the end of the French and Indian War?
answer
Pontiac
