Question 1

French & Indian War

Accepted Answer

War between Britain and France that started in the Americas and moved to Europe. Fought from 1754 to 1763. Indians helped French. The British won the war and gained the control of eastern North America. Ended with a Treaty of Paris in 1763. Drove French out of North America.

Question 2

Mercantilism

Accepted Answer

A Policy in which a Nation could accumulate wealth and become a richer and more powerful nation. They would do this by exporting more goods than they imported thus, not giving money to rival nations. Colonization was an attempt towards mercantilism because of the products that were made in the Americas.

Question 3

John Locke

Accepted Answer

An Enlightenment thinker from UK. Believed people deserved natural rights of Life, liberty, and property. If a government doesn\'t give these rights, the people are able to leave the government Important because it gave ideas to many colonists when they were trying to break from UK.

Question 4

Proclamation Line

Accepted Answer

A line developed in 1763 to give Indians the land west of Appalachian Mountains. This act was because the British thought it to be cheaper to not fight with Indians than to fight. This meant that settlers couldn\'t settle west but many still did.

Question 5

Enlightenment

Accepted Answer

A movement in the early 1700\'s. The Belief that society\'s problems could be solved through reason and science.

Question 6

Common Sense

Accepted Answer

-Written by Thomas Paine   -Discussed independence from Britain, union of new states, and republican state Gov\'ts  -Said the king was the greatest enemy of liberty  -If America was free they could trade with entire world

Question 7

Sons of Liberty

Accepted Answer

-A group of men who were opposed to British taxes.   -Famous leader- Sam Adams.   -They led violent protest and killed, tarred, and feathered many tax collectors.  -They burned houses and caused all tax collectors to resign.

Question 8

Stamp Act

Accepted Answer

(1765)- A tax that made American colonist pay a tax on all printed materials, including newspapers, books, court docs, contracts, and land deeds. Brought about protests of people saying that they had no representation in Parliament so they shouldn\'t have to pay taxes to the British.

Question 9

Townshend Duties

Accepted Answer

a tax that raised price on glass, lead, paper, paint, tea

Question 10

Battle of Saratoga

Accepted Answer

Turning point in the war because British were going to New York from Canada. The French then realized that they could fight their old rival

Question 11

Declaration of Independence

Accepted Answer

-written on July 2, 1776  -Written by Thomas Jefferson  -Used many of Paine\'s Ideas  -Used many enlightenment ideas

Question 12

Boston Tea Party

Accepted Answer

1773 patriots revolted by throwing tea into the harbor in response to a harsh tax on Dutch Tea. The tax was an attempt by the British to sell their tea to the colonists.

Question 13

Coercive Acts (Intolerable Acts)

Accepted Answer

An act by Parliament that closed the ports in Boston until they paid for the tea they had destroyed. Along with this, Bostonians had to house British troops in their houses. Sparked more revolts by colonists.

Question 14

Battles at Lexington and Concord

Accepted Answer

The British went to Lexington to arrest Hancock and Adams but they met resistance in Lexington and killed eight. They did not arrest the two men but on their way back to Boston they were ambushed by hundreds of militia men.200 British were killed.

Question 15

First continental Congress

Accepted Answer

held in Philadelphia in 1774. Every colony but Georgia met, and the idea of being an American was first created. Created a boycott on British goods across the colonies in an attempt to remove the intolerable acts.

Question 16

Second Continental Congress

Accepted Answer

Philadelphia in 1775. Congress assumed responsibility for the war with Britain. The continental Army was set up and was led by George Washington.

Question 17

Battle of Yorktown

Accepted Answer

1781 Washington trapped Cornwallis\' troops at Yorktown, VA. The French Navy arrived at the perfect time and stopped the British from leaving. British surrender. Treaty of Paris in 1783 was signed giving the US independence and generous boundaries

Question 18

Articles of Confederation

Accepted Answer

Drafted in 1777 by the Continental Congress. Design for the Gov\'t was a loosely constructed 13 states not a strong central Gov\'t. In this Gov\'t each state had one vote. No president. Congress had no power to tax. To amend articles you needed all 13 states to vote yes.

Question 19

Constitutional Convention

Accepted Answer

1787. A convention in the Pennsylvania State House where the Articles on Confederation were supposed to be revised. Instead they were thrown out and a new constitution was drafted

Question 20

Virginia Plan

Accepted Answer

James Madison  Congress has power to tax and regulate commerce  Power divided amongst the Legislative, Judicial, and Executive branches  States with more population would have more power  Called for a strong president

Question 21

New Jersey Plan

Accepted Answer

William Paterson  Congress has powers to regulate commerce and tax  States all have the same power  Preserved an executive committee rather than adopting a singular President  States remained more powerful than the Federal Gov\'t

Question 22

The Great Compromise

Accepted Answer

Roger Sherman  Senate would have equal representation with to representatives from each state  House of Representatives would represent population  Supported federalism (divided power among federal and state Gov\'ts)  To Satisfy the South:  -Slavery would no longer be imported after 1808  -Three Fifths Compromise-each slave was three-fifths of a person  -Slaves were to be returned to their owners

Question 23

Federalists

Accepted Answer

Favored ratification (change the Articles of Confederation)  Famous-George Washington, James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, Ben Franklin  Stressed the weakness of the AoC  Stronger Nation would get rid of Indians  Had support in ports and other centralized locations  Had support of Newspapers

Question 24

Anti-Federalists

Accepted Answer

Opposed ratification  Disliked the lack of a Bill of Rights  Said the new constitution would put in place a strong central gov\'t  Famous- Sam Adams, John Hancock, George Clinton, Richard Lee, Patrick Henry

Question 25

Bill of Rights

Accepted Answer

First ten amendments of the constitution. Written by James Madison. They avoided anything that said all men are created equal which helped to deny slave rights. Freedom of Religion, speech, press, assembly,petition; protection from unreasonable searches and seizures(captures), right to speedy and free trial. Was left open to further amendments.

Question 26

Shays Rebellion

Accepted Answer

Led by Daniel Shays, 1787. He led 1000 farmers to seize the Springfield Armory and shut down the courts. It was a reaction to the Articles of Confederation not being able to trade with other nations. Farmers could not sell their produce internationally.

Question 27

Washington\'s Farewell Address

Accepted Answer

He recognized that the country needed him to set a precedent of only running the country for 2 terms so he didn\'t run again in 1796. He had defeated Indians, opened the west for settlement, suppressed the Whiskey rebellion, kept them out of European Wars, and helped fund the debts. In his farewell address he told his successors to avoid alliances that may lead to wars. He also told them to leave their own desires away and do what\'s best for the nation.

Question 28

Interpretations of Constitution

Accepted Answer

Federalists interpreted the Constitution Broadly and Democratic Republicans interpreted it Strictly.

Question 29

John Marshall

Accepted Answer

Supreme Court Justice who formed judicial review (The court could determine if acts of Congress and the President were constitutional). He also interpreted the Constitution broadly.

Question 30

Marbury v. Madison

Accepted Answer

court case that established judicial review. Marbury (Federalist) was appointed for Justice of Washington DC. James Madison refused to deliver the papers and John Marshall ruled in favor of Madison. They were from different parties so it pleased Madison (Democratic Republican) but it also gave the courts judicial review, which DRs didn\'t want.

Question 31

McCulloch vs. Maryland

Accepted Answer

State officials in Maryland were raising heavy taxes on the National Banks of that area so their local banks would grow. Marshall said that Congress had the power to make a National Bank and no state could destroy a bank with taxes.

Question 32

Embargo of 1807

Accepted Answer

A failed attempt by Thomas Jefferson to suspend trade with the British, thus ruining their economy. The embargo did the opposite of what it intended to do and it crippled the US economy. Gained support for the Federalists in the North.

Question 33

Lewis and Clark

Accepted Answer

Meriwether Lewis and Will Clark were sent to explore the territory purchased in Louisiana Purchase. Exploration happened in 1804. The men were guided by Sacajawea and her husband.

Question 34

Alien Act

Accepted Answer

The president could arrest and deport immigrants who criticized the federal Gov\'t

Question 35

Sedition Act

Accepted Answer

allowed juries to acquit defendants who proved the literal truth of their statements. In this system defendants were guilty until proven innocent

Question 36

Revolution of 1800

Accepted Answer

Thomas Jefferson took office and he set out to change things that had been done before. Encouraged Congress to Drop the Alien and Sedition Acts and the taxes on unlike goods, wanted to pay all of the debt down, increased foreign trade, sold new federal lands to pay it down.

Question 37

War of 1812

Accepted Answer

War with Britain over the repeated economic attacks made by Britain (Impressments, banned direct voyages to Europe). War ended with Treaty of Ghent

Question 38

Louisiana Purchase

Accepted Answer

1803. Gave land from Mississippi River to Rocky Mountains to the US. Thomas Jefferson bought the land from the French for $15 million. This contradicted Jefferson\'s principles because he was in favor a strict constitution but he as president went out and bought land.

Question 39

Treaty of Ghent

Accepted Answer

A treaty in which both sides of the War of 1812 restored prewar boundaries and moved on. This was because both sides were exhausted of war. Was good news for US because the news was broken shortly after the news of the Battle of new Orleans. This made it look like Jackson had caused the Treaty. Treaty signed in Belgium.

Question 40

Battle of New Orleans

Accepted Answer

The American\'s greatest victory where Andrew Jackson helped to massacre the British

Question 41

Election of 1824 (Corrupt Bargain)

Accepted Answer

Jackson, Clay, Adams, and Crawford all ran. The House of Reps chose Adams because Henry Clay had supported him. After Adams became President, he appointed Henry Clay as his Secretary of State. This was seen as a corrupt bargain by Andrew Jackson

Question 42

Tariff of Abominations

Accepted Answer

An especially high tariff on incoming goods. This would create a better market for selling American goods to the south and it saved American Industry in the North. The South was unhappy because they did not want to have to pay more because the imported goods before were cheaper than the goods that were coming from the North.

Question 43

Bank war with \"Monster Bank\"

Accepted Answer

Jackson dislikes the Second Bank of the US. He vetoes the renewal of the bank in 1832. He said it was dangerous to liberty, unauthorized and against the rights of the states. The Whigs were formed in response and Henry Clay and Daniel Webster promoted protective tariffs, internal improvements and a National Bank

Question 44

Spoils System

Accepted Answer

A system that president Jackson used to get people to be loyal. If one remained loyal to Jackson\'s party, he would then reward them with political positions around him.

Question 45

Nullification Crisis

Accepted Answer

Happened in 1833 in response to the Tariff of Abominations. John Calhoun of South Carolina who was Jackson\'s VP at the time wanted to nullify. South Carolina decided to nullify the tariff and refused to pay federal taxes or they were going to secede

Question 46

Jacksonian Democracy

Accepted Answer

A party of Democrats who followed Jackson. They helped him to win the Presidential election of 1828 by a large margin. They wanted strong states and weak gov\'ts that would not interfere with slavery

Question 47

Trail of Tears

Accepted Answer

The Jackson administration had talked to a small group of Cherokees that didn\'t have any power over the other Indians and they agree to leave to Oklahoma. In 1838, 16,000 Native Americans left their homes and walked to Oklahoma. Â¼ of the people died along the way.

Question 48

Monroe Doctrine

Accepted Answer

A foreign policy doctrine to tell the great European powers that they were not going to stop the Latin American Colonies from liberating themselves.

Question 49

Eli Whitney

Accepted Answer

Invented Interchangeable parts that changed the production of things forever. It made items, which were generally hard to replace, easy to switch out a broken piece. He also invented the more famous cotton Gin in 1793, making the separation of cottonseeds from the cotton much faster. This led to the need from more factories in the North and Cotton became over half of the value of all US exports.

Question 50

Immigration

Accepted Answer

In the 1840\'s People from Ireland and Germany came to America. They left their home country because of a Potato Famine (Ireland) and a failed Political Revolution (Germany). The Immigrants went into Ellis Island in New York when they first arrived. Most were Catholic and Jewish, they were met with great resistance by Protestants (Nativists)

Question 51

First Industrial Revolution

Accepted Answer

A time in America where the country had a boom in industrial production. Textile Mills (created by Sam Slater), Full Mills (For example the Lowell mill), Factory girls working(Lowell and other factories), Interchangeable parts(Invented by Eli Whitney), and Communication Systems(created by Samuel B. Morse).

Question 52

Missouri Compromise (1820)

Accepted Answer

Drafted by Henry Clay Maine was entered as a free state and Missouri would be entered as a slave state. Any new state south of the Southwestern corner of Missouri would be entered as a slave state.

Question 53

Second Great Awakening

Accepted Answer

A religious movement in the early 1800\'s that was started by the protestants to try and revive the religious faith of the country. This ultimately led to other movements because it showed people that they can openly speak about what they believe in.

Question 54

Women\'s Rights Movement

Accepted Answer

Movement that worked for greater rights and opportunities for women. Began with the Seneca Falls Convention in New York in 1848. Women worked for rights like suffrage (the right to vote), equality in clothing, and property rights

Question 55

Nat Turner\'s Rebellion

Accepted Answer

A man who believed that he had a theophany and he was supposed to lead the slaves to freedom. He went to an armory and killed 60 people. Later he was found and executed.

Question 56

Abolition Movement

Accepted Answer

A movement to end slavery led by William Garrison. He wrote the liberator and was in favor of emancipation. People worked to spread the word about abolitionist movement by going to churches and handing out pamphlets. Many people were against slavery and spoke at these meetings (Fredrick Douglass, the Grimke Sisters). The movement met much resistance in the South and the North ended up going to war with the South.

Question 57

Public School Reform

Accepted Answer

Horace Mann was a senator from Massachusetts who wanted to give children the adequate schooling needed. He advances public schools around the country. With his help double the amount of kids attended schools, teachers were not allowed to punish, teachers were trained professionally, and all schools were tax supported. This really increased the literacy rate in the US as other states followed his plan.

Question 58

Penitentiary Reform

Accepted Answer

Dorothea Dix was a woman who in 1841was teaching Sunday school in prisons and she noticed that the prisoners weren\'t receiving the right treatment and care that they needed. She worked to try and make prisoners feel sorrow for their sins (penitent means sorrow). After her, the Pennsylvania System and the Auburn System were created for prisoners. The Auburn System was more popular because it was cheaper.

Question 59

Penn-Solitary reform

Accepted Answer

You had your own room and yard in which to exercise

Question 60

Auburn- Group reform

Accepted Answer

Slept in your own room but worked with others during the day

Question 61

Temperance Movement

Accepted Answer

A movement to stop people from abusing alcohol. American Temperance Society was set up to help people to stop abusing it. Neal Dow Played a large role because in 1851 he passed the Maine law prohibiting any alcohol sales in the town of Portland. Many laws were passed after this in other states.

Question 62

William Lloyd Garrison

Accepted Answer

Was the leading abolitionist. He published the Liberator, an abolitionist newspaper. That way he could spread his ideas around the country. He founded the American Anti-Slavery Society.

Question 63

Fredrick Douglass

Accepted Answer

A former slave who spoke at abolitionist meetings across the country. He told personal accounts of slavery and touched many people\'s hearts with his story.

Question 64

Transcendentalism

Accepted Answer

The belief that one can find more about themselves through nature. Leading members-Thoreau and Emerson.

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