Intro to Sociology, Ch. 3 & 4 – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
About how many adults in the United States speak a language other than English at home?
answer
55 million
question
Cultural universals are elements of culture that:
answer
are part of every known culture.
question
Standards by which people who share culture define what is desirable, good, and beautiful are called:
answer
values.
question
The United States and Canada are both _______; however, Canadian culture is more _______ than U.S. culture.
answer
multicultural; collectivist
question
The intangible world of ideas created by members of a society is referred to as:
answer
nonmaterial culture.
question
Counterculture refers to:
answer
cultural patterns that oppose those that are widely held.
question
The United States is the most _______ of all countries.
answer
multicultural
question
What is the term for the application of cultural knowledge to the task of living in an environment?
answer
technology
question
An act of kindness, such as opening the door for an elderly man, illustrates conforming to:
answer
folkways.
question
Compared to college students of the late 1960s, more of today's college students are concerned with:
answer
making money.
question
Weber traced the origins of the capitalist economy in Europe to:
answer
the Protestant Reformation.
question
Which of the following concepts was used by Durkheim to name a condition in which society provides little moral guidance to individuals?
answer
anomie
question
When Weber used the concept "rationality," he had in mind:
answer
deliberate, matter-of-fact calculation of the most efficient way to accomplish any task.
question
Weber could see the advantages of industrial capitalism,
answer
but he was pessimistic about the future.
question
The social standing of women and men in hunting and gathering societies is:
answer
fairly equal, with men and women making a vital contribution to survival.
question
The Roman Empire at its peak power was what type of society?
answer
agrarian
question
Of the following sociologists, which one was most interested in how society is divided?
answer
Karl Marx
question
The first type of society to generate a material surplus is:
answer
horticultural and pastoral.
question
According to Lenski, the term sociocultural evolution refers to:
answer
changes that occur as a society acquires new technology.
question
Karl Marx used a philosophical approach called _____, Max Weber followed an approach called _____.
answer
materialism; idealism
