A&P Chapter 5 Test: The Skeletal System – Flashcards

1. Supporting the body 2. Creating blood cells 3. Storing (fat and calcium) 4. Movement 5. Protection

1. Female pelvis is more oval 2. Female pelvis's pubic arch is greater than 90° 3. Female pelvis's iliac crest is splayed

Because bone is highly vascularized.

1. Skull 2. Spine (spinal column) 3. Rib cage

Skull: composed of 22 bones which form a protective unit for the brain. Divided into two regions: cranial, which contains the brain and facial, which are the bones that support the face. At the base of the cranium is the occipital bone, which has a large hole called the foramen magnum through which the spinal cord runs. Spine: made up of irregular bones which have spines, processes, and large fossa in the middle for the spinal cord to travel through. Has different regions (C#s). Rib cage: consists of the 12 thoracic vertebrae, the 24 ribs, and the sternum. The ribs are flat bones. There are seven pairs of true ribs, which are attached directly to the sternum via cartilage. The other five pairs are called false ribs, three of which are connected to the sternum by cartilage above the ends of the ribs, and two of which are not connected to the sternum at all (floating ribs).

The ribs attached directly to the sternum (seven pairs of true ribs, five pairs of false ribs).

Scapula and clavicle

1. Flat 2. Long 3. Irregular 4. Short

A. Flat bones

C. Articular cartilage

B. Sinuses

C. They are flat bones located in the neck.

B. Humerus

D. Pelvic girdle

A. It is composed of the skull, spine, and rib cage.

C. Tibia

D. Hinge joint

The anatomy of the bone is created by canals made up of osteocytes. There are canals for blood vessels to go through called Haversian canals or perforating canals. Long bones have long empty spaces to store fat. Flat bones contain red bone marrow where red blood cells are formed.

The bones have five major functions. They serve as a support system for the body, as well as a place to store substances like calcium and fat. They are the location of blood cell formation. They also allow for human movement and general protection.

The central shaft of a long bone.

Smooth, white tissue that covers the articulating part of bones (joints).

The dense, fibrous outer layer of bone onto which muscles attach.

An area of cartilage at the long end of a bone that is the site of bone growth.

Bone marrow in which the stroma of the reticular network are filled mainly with fat.

Bone marrow in which the stroma of the reticular network are filled with forming blood cells and megakaryocytes

Projections that help form joints, allow for the passage of nerves and blood vessels, and provide attachment for muscles and ligaments.

A bone-forming cell that has become trapped within the bone matrix they secreted.

Minute tubes in bone that contain blood vessels, nerve fibers, connective tissues, and lymphatic vessels.

Small canals that transmit blood vessels from the periosteum into the dense bone.

A fracture common in children in which one side of the bone is broken and the other side is only bent.

A fracture occurring when torque is applied along the axis of a bone.