World History Test #2 Notes
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Which of the following best describes a Ziggurat-style temple?
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Stepped Pyramid
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Why did Sumerians likely begin a system of taxation?
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To pay for the construction of temples
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What Geographic Feature had the largest impact on Egyptian culture and prosperity?
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The Nile River
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The Sumerian mathematical system was based on units of sixty, ten, and six and survives in what modern system?
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Time Measurement
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Who worked the land owned by the king, nobles, and temples in ancient Sumer?
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Client farmers and slaves
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To counter the temples' power, military leaders who became kings began to build what kinds of structures?
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Palaces to demonstrate the king's strength
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Who were known as clients in Sumer?
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Free people who were dependent on the nobility.
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Why did older men have the most power in the Mesopotamian social system?
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Older men tended to form political alliances with powerful priests
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Which of the following describes the earliest Sumerian writings?
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They were written using the first known alphabet
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How did Sumerian scribes learn the cuneiform writing system?
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They were taught at special schools.
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Sumerian scribes were trained largely to do what?
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Property and Wealth Records
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What is the key theme of the Epic of Gilgamesh?
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Immortality
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Around 2300 BCE, What chieftain conquered Sumer and created an empire?
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Sargon
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How did Sargon reinforce his rule in Mesopotamia?
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He tore down the defensive walls of major cities and appointed his own sons as rulers.
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What was the intended function of Hammurabi's code?
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Te regulate the relationships among his people and promote their welfare
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According to Hammurabi's Code, who controlled a woman's dowry after she married?
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The woman herself
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What geographic feature had the largest impact on Egyptian culture and prosperity?
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Nile River
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How did Egyptians view the afterlife?
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As bleak and very frightening
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According to Egyptian belief, the Nile's rise and fall was dictated by
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The pharaoh
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One of the earliest deities Egyptians worshiped was Amon, god of
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TheSky
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On which of the following did the prosperity of the Indus (Harappan) civilization depend?
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Intensive Cultivation of the Fertile River Valley
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Like early Mesopotamian and Egyptian civilization, Harappan civilization depended on what annually?
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Floods and Irrigation
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The remnants of Harappan script have been preserved on what material?
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Clay :)
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Which of the following was true about the Aryans?
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They were a Warrior People who destroyed the Indus Civilization
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The Aryans spoke an early form of what language?
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Tamil
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What was the Rig Veda?
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Collection of hymns
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Who was at the head of each Aryan tribal group?
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a head priest
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What did the Aryans use to ease the difficult task of clearing the jungle?
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Fire
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What are priests referred to as in the Indian caste system?
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Brahmins
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How was Indian slavery in the Vedic Age similar to slavery in Mesopotamia?
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Only men captured in warfare were enslaved
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Who were the "untouchables" in the varna system?
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Outsiders who were considered "impure"
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Which of the following statements is true about women in ancient Aryan Society?
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Women were economically equal to men and could hold property
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Who commonly performed the important ritual sacrifice of animals in Brahmanism?
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The Priestly caste
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With what sacred text did the Aryan religion shift to a more ascetic and philosophical religion?
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Upanishads
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To what does the term asceticism refer?
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The practice of severe self-discipline and self-denial
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According to the Upanishads, what is moshka?
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Release from the wheel of life and freedom from reincarnation
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Mahivra was the founder of what Indian religion?
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Sikhism
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How did the introduction of the concepts of Samsara and Karma from the Upanishads affect Indian society?
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It stabilized Indian society by encouraging the poor to work hard, live righteously, and do good deeds.
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According to Mahavira, what kinds of objects have souls?
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Only living creatures, human AND animal, have souls
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In response to their belief about souls and karma, Jains developed what kind of views about life forms?
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Humans are the most sacred form of life
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Gobi Desert
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North China
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Kalahari Desert
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Namibia and botswana
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Pyrenees Mountain Range
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France and Spain border
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Rhyne River
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Germany, Netherlands, and Switzerland
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Danube River
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Germany, Austrian Hungary, Romania lol
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Volga River
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West Russia
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Indus River
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Pakistan
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Ganges River
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East to Middle India
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Yangzi River
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East China to Far midland China
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Loess
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Loose Win-Driven Soil
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How was the greek Polis different from older models of city-states?
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Community of citizens
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Agora
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A marketplace
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Greek Foot soldiers
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Hoplites
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Oligarchy
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Rule of the few
