Chpt 4: Ecological Footprint Flashcards
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netherlands
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has the most sustainable ecological footprint
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arab emirates
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needs the most land per person to support their lifestyle
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norway
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Fishing grounds is the largest component of their ecological footprint
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uruguay
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Grazing grounds is the largest component of their ecological footprint
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the rule of 70, which growth rate would have the human population doubling in 35 years
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2%
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rough estimate of the doubling time of a population, you can divide ______ by the reproduction rate
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70
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best accounts for the large increase in population since the 1800
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Steady increase in number of people capable of reproducing
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average fertility rate for the entire world
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2.4
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Total fertility rate
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total number of children born to the average woman
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Crude birth rate
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number of children born in a year per thousand persons
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Zero population growth (ZPG)
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births plus immigration equals deaths plus emigration
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INCREASES in total fertility rates
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Rural communities, Country lacks social security, Infant mortality rates are high
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Human population levels from the time of the Agricultural Revolution to the present depict a
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S shaped curve
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Economist Julian Simon believed that people are the \"ultimate resource\" and that increases in population growth would result in
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new resources
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Human Demography
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the study of human population characteristics, such as age structure, demographic transition, total fertility, human population and environmental relationships, death-rate factors, and standard of living
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world human population reached 1 billion in about
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1800
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Technological optimists argue that technological advances have
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proven Malthus wrong in his predictions of famine and disaster.
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Malthus and Marx
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disagreed about the root causes of overpopulation, poverty, and social upheaval.
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demographic transition refers to a country's change from
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high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates.
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demographic transition is expected to accompany
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economic development and stabilization.
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Many demographers believe that birth rates generally decrease as the level of development increases because
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women tend to have more influence in family planning.
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Proponents of social justice believe that environmental and social problems will decrease if
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resources are distributed fairly.
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mechanical barrier to conception
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condoms, IUD
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dependency ratio
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the number of nonworking compared to with working individuals in a population
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has not played an important role in the slowed population growth rate of Iran
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a strictly enforced government limit on the number of children per family
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Human population growth most closely resembles the S-shaped growth curve.
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False
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wealthy, developed nations have a smaller human ecological footprint than poorer, less developed nations.
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False
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IPAT concept
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concept that incorporates human population numbers and the types of resources used is referred to as the
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ecological footprint concept
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describes the amount of land required to produce the goods and services that are required for an individual to live his or her particular lifestyle
