AP Pysch Capter 7 & 8 Quizzes
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The most crucial ingredient in all learning is
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experience
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By learning associate a squirt of water with an electric shock, sea snails demonstrate the process of
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classical conditioning
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The psychologist most closely associated with the study of operant conditioning was
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Skinner
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After recovering from a serious motorcycle accident, Chris was afraid to ride a motorcycle but not a bicycle. Chris's pattern of fear best illustrates
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discrimination
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Escape from an aversive stimulus is a ___ reinforcer.
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negative
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Bandura's experiments indicate that ___ is important in the process of learning.
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modeling
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Because Jill was spanked on several occasions for biting electric cords, she no longer does so. Jill's behavior change best illustrates the value of:
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operant conditioning
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Gold instruction that reinforces short putts before attempting to reinforce long putts best illustrates the process of:
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shaping
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When a conditioned stimulus is presented without an accompanying unconditioned stimulus, ___ will soon take place.
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extinction
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During extinction, the ___ is omitted; as a result, the ___ seems to disappear.
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US; CR
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You always rattle the box of dog biscuits before giving your dog a treat. As you do so, your dog salivates. Rattle the box i a(n) ___; your dog's salivation is a(n) ___.
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CS; CR
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In Pavlovs original experiment with dogs, salivation to meat was the:
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UR
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An event that decreases the behavior that precedes is a:
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punishment
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Conditioning seldom occurs when a(n) ___ comes after a(n) ___.
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CS; US
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A learned association between a response and a stimulus is to __ as learned association between two stimuli is to ___.
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operant conditioning; classical conditioning
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The process of reinforcing successively closer approximations to a desired behavior is called:
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shaping
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A stimulus that acquires reinforcing power by associating with a primary reinforcer is called a ___ reinforcer.
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conditioned
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The divided consciousness theory of hypnosis states that hypnosis involves:
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dissociation
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The need to take larger and larger doses of a drug in order to experience its effects is an indication of
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tolerance
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The discomfort and distress that follow the discontinued use of certain drugs is called
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withdrawal
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Unpleasant withdrawal symptoms are indicative of
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physical dependence
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Drug tolerance refers to
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reduced effect of a drug resulting from its regular usage
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What is and example of an amphetamine derivative that acts as a mild hallucinogen?
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ecstacy
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What is an example of a psychedelic drug?
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LSD
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Plato's belief that death involves the separation of the mind from the body is known as:
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dualism
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Advocates of the social influence theory of hypnosis are likely to argue that:
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hypnotized people are simply enacting the role of good hypnotic subjects
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Which of the following drugs is classified as a stimulant
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nicotine
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Consciousness is
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our awareness of ourselves and our environment
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Those who emphasize that mood fluctuations may be indicative of SAD are highlighting the importance of:
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biological rhythms
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Sensory experiences that occur without a sensory stimulus are called
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hallucinations
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Alpha waves are associated with
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a relaxed but awake state
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The large, slow brain waves associated with deep sleep are called
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delta waves
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After sleeping for about 1 1/2, Joe enters a phase of paradoxical sleep. He is likely to:
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have very relaxed muscles
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Which of the following sleep disorders would be the most incapacitating for commercial bus driver?
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narcolepsy
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Sleep apnea is a disorder involving
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the cessation of breathing during sleep
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Freud called the remembered story line of a dream its ___ content.
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manifest
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1 theory suggests that the brain activity associated with __ is helpful for developing & preserving neural pathways in the brain.
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dreaming
