Topic 3: Cellular Transport
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Lipids
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-made mostly from carbon and hydrogen atoms commonly found as fats, oils, and waxes aka fat
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Phospholipid
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-surround a cell, consist of a \"head\" and \"Tail\" -like to line up into two parallel layers and surround a cell membrane its critical to a cells ability to function
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Diffusion
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Movement of particles is random but.. -from a high to low concentration -A passive Process-The cell dos not use energy -works well over short distances -Temperature Dependent
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Selectively Permeable Membrane
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-is one that allows certain molecules or ions to pass through it by means of active or passive transport -the membrane can also block the passage of materials depending on the conditions inside or outside of the cell.
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Small and No Charge
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The membrane lets these kind of molecules pass through easily
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Large and Charged
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the membrane does not let these kinds of ions pass through easily
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Osmosis
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the diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane
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Isotonic
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Concentration of solutes-same as cell Water moves in and out of cell Cells like isotonic environment :)
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Hypertonic
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Concentration of solutes-more than the cell water moves out of cell cell does not like-it shrivels up
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Hypotonic
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Concentration of solutes-less than the cell Water moves into the cell Cell will swell up
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Three types of passive transport
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-Diffusion -Osmosis -Facilitated Diffusion
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Facilitated Diffusion
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-Fast -Specific -a net movement of molecules across a cell membrane -molecules that cannot diffuse across the cell membrane's lipid bilayer on their own move through protein channels instead
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Active Transport
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transport of small molecules or ions across a cell membrane generally carried out by proteins or \"pumps\" found in the membrane itself
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3 types of active transport
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-Exocytosis -Endocytosis -Pumps/Protiens
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Endocytosis
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process of taking material into the cell by means of inholdings, or pockets, of the cell membrane
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Exocytosis
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process of the membrane surrounding the material fuses with the cell membrane forcing contents out of the cell
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Passive Transport
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does not require the cell to expend any energy and involves a substance diffusing down its concentration gradient across a membrane
