EKG chapter 5
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electrocardiogram
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a noninvasive procedure and that a graphic representation of the electrical activity of the heart
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electrocardiograph
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machine used to record the electrocardiogram
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the EKG machine
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electrocardiograph
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EKG
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graphic tracing of electrical activity of the heart
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Does the EKG track mechanical activity?
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no
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\"The ___ comes before the plumber\"
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electrician
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electrodes placed on the skin
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sense electrical activity
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the EKG is recorded in the form of a/an ___
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electrocardiogram
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oscilloscope
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monitor screen
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cardiac monitor depicts electrical impulses on ___
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oscilloscope
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electrical impulses present on the skin surface are very ___ voltage
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low
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an EKG machine ___ the impulses
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amplifies
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an EKG strip is also called
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rhythm strip
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the printed record of the electrical activity of the heart
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EKG strip
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electrode
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an adhesive pad that contains conductive gel and attaches to patient's skin
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leads
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how electrodes are connected to the cardiac monitor
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three leads must have
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a positive, a negative, and a ground
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bipolar leads
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have one positive and one negative
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limb lead one
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left arm positive and right arm negative
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limb lead two
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left leg positive and right arm negative
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limb lead number two is most commonly due to
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ability to visualize P wave
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limb lead three
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left leg positive and left arm negative
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informational obtainable from EKG strip analysis (4)
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heart rate rhythm or regularity impulse conduction time intervals abnormal conduction pathways
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Einthoven's triangle
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imaginary inverted triangle formed around heart by proper placement of bipolar leads
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Einthoven's triangle formation
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top formed by lead one right side formed by lead three left side formed by lead two
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Einthoven's triangle lead representation
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each lead represents a different look at or view of the heart
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the EKG graph paper leaves the machine at
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a constant speed of 25 mm/sec
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EKG graph paper time
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measured on horizontal line
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EKG graph paper amplitude or voltage
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measured on vertical line
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EKG graph paper divided into
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small squares that are 1 mm in width
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each 1 mm square is what in seconds?
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.04 seconds
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EKG graph paper's darker lines
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divide paper every fifth square vertically and horizontally
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EKG graph paper's large squares measure
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5 mm in height and width
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EKG graph paper's large squares represent what amount of time?
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.2 seconds
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wave or waveform refers to
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movement away from baseline
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isoelectric line
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baseline
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positive deflection
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above isoelectric line
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beginning and ending of all waves
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baseline
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negative deflection
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below isoelectric line
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one complete cardiac cycle
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P QRS T
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P wave
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first wave produced by electrical impulse from SA node
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P wave shape
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smooth, rounded upward deflection
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depolarization of left and right atria
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P wave
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P wave length
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.1 seconds or 2.5 tiny squares
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PR interval
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time impulse travels from SA node through internodal pathways toward ventricles
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PR interval time
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.12-.2 seconds
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QRS complex represents
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conduction of impulse from bundle of His through ventricular muscle
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ventricular depolarization
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QRS
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Q wave
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first downward deflection
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R wave
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first upward deflection
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largest deflection seen in leads one and two
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R wave
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S wave
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downward deflection
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S wave time
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less than .12 seconds or 3 small boxes
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ST segment
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time interval during which ventricles depolarize and repolarization of ventricles begin
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ST segment is ___
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isoelectric
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isoelectric
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consistent with baseline
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acute myocardial infarction is indicated by
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elevation and/or depression of ST segment
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Ventricular contraction
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QRS
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T wave follows
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ST segment
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ventricular repolarization
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T wave
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T wave shape
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slightly rounded, positive deflection
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resting phase of cardiac cycle
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T wave
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atrial depolarization
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P wave
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ventricular depolarization and atrial repolarization
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QRS complex
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I love you guys
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I love you too
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ventricular contraction can also be described as
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ventricular depolarization
