question

_____ were the original medium of mass communication

answer

Books

question

____ allowed ideas to spread, encouraged the standardization of language and spelling, and created mass culture.

answer

Books

question

T/F Books & other printed materials helped create major social changes

answer

TRUE

question

Writing originated around ______ BC in the Middle East.

answer

3500

question

Spoken language is thought to be about ____ yrs old.

answer

40,000

question

What is the advantage of writing?

answer

Information could be stored.

question

Reading and writing were elite skills held by people called ____.

answer

Scribes

question

What is the earliest form of writing?

answer

Pictograph

question

What is a pictograph?

answer

Consisted of pictures of objects on rock walls

question

2nd form of writing was the ______.

answer

Ideograph

question

What is a ideograph?

answer

an abstract symbol that stands for an object or an idea

question

T/F An ideograph is more formalized than a pictograph with one symbol for each object

answer

TRUE

question

What language still use ideographs?

answer

Chinese, Korean, Japanese

question

What is the major challenge for ideographs?

answer

People have to learn thousands of symbols

question

________ are often used as international symbols, such as street signs.

answer

Ideographs

question

3rd form of writing is the _____ created in 2000 BC.

answer

Phonography

question

What is a Phonography?

answer

symbols stand for spoken words rather than objects or ideas

question

______ were developed between 1700 BC and 1500 BC in which represent letters represent individual sounds.

answer

Alphabet

question

T/F Being a Scribe became less of an elite position after alphabet was created.

answer

TRUE

question

The earliest written works from the Greek poet Homer are ______ and _____.

answer

Iliad and Odyssey

question

____ is a primitive fem of paper made from the papyrus reed that was developed by Egyptians around 3100 BC

answer

Papyrus

question

Papyrus was placed on ____ to ___ foot rolls.

answer

20 to 30 foot rolls

question

T/F Papyrus never crumbled or was easily eaten by bugs

answer

FALSE -It did easily crumble and bugs did eat it

question

_______ was made from the skin of goats or sheep and then eventually replaced the Papyrus because it was so fragile.

answer

Parchment

question

______ was made from cotton rags or wood pulp and was invented by the _____ between 240 BC and 105 BC.

answer

Paper invented by the Chinese

question

Papermaking spread throughout Europe during the _____'s.

answer

1300's

question

Papermaking didn't replace parchment until printing became common in _____.

answer

1500's

question

What type of writing place used during the medieval times (400-800 AD), were religious texts hand copied by monks?

answer

Scriptoria

question

Another meaning for scriptoria is _____.

answer

The copying room where the monks hand wrote books.

question

T/F Because the difficulty of preparing parchment, monks scraped the old writing off, and then reused them. This led to the loss of many Greek and Latin books.

answer

TRUE

question

With the rise of literacy in the 13th century, the demand for books ______.

answer

increased

question

In religious books known as _________, they were embellished with pictures and decorated calligraphy to help transmit the message to _______ audiences.

answer

-illuminated manuscripts -non-literate audiences

question

The printing press was developed in _____ towards the end of the ___ century.

answer

-china -2nd

question

Printing press: Images were carved onto _____________ which were inked and placed on sheets of paper to reproduce the image.

answer

blocks of wood

question

Why were the wood cuts not used very much?

answer

Because they could not be reproduced rapidly.

question

_____________ (1394-1468) is a metal worker living in Mainz, Germany, who became the first European to develop the "moveable" type. He basically developed the first practical printing press.

answer

Johannes Gutenburg

question

Gutenburgs most significant invention was the _______.

answer

typemold

question

What did the typemold do?

answer

It enabled printers to make multiple, identical copies of a single letter with out hand carving each.

question

The most famous Gutenburg printed books was the _____ published in 1455.

answer

Bible

question

How many copies of the bible were printed and how many actually survived?

answer

120 copies -46 survived

question

In the 1980's, Gutenburgs bible sold for _____.

answer

$5.39 million

question

__________ was a difficult task in Gutenburgs day.

answer

Typesetting.

question

What is typesetting?

answer

Also known as FONT. Font is a typface in a particular size and style.

question

Italics were invented in 1501 by the Italian printer _____.

answer

Aldus Manutius.

question

The first of the changes wrought by movable type was the printing of ____________.

answer

Standardized books

question

The printing press allowed "perfect" copies and no longer consisted of _______ when the reproduced a book.

answer

mistakes

question

The printing press made books available in ________ numbers and at ______ costs.

answer

-greater numbers at lower costs

question

English printer ___________ helped establish the rules for english, grammar, word usage, punctuation, and spelling

answer

William Caxton

question

How did William Caxton help establish the english rules?

answer

By publishing books

question

What is the most important effect of the printing press?

answer

it allowed ideas to spread beyond communities where they originated

question

T/F The printing press caused the Protestant Reformation

answer

FALSE -it helped it take root

question

_______ the German monk who founded the Lutheran Church, understood how the printing press could spread ideas.

answer

Martin Luther

question

Martin Luther translated the New Testament of the bible into ______ so that ordinary people could read it.

answer

German

question

During Gutensburg time, the ______ wanted at least some control over the mass media because all of the new ideas that were generating.

answer

Government

question

The first printing press in the New World was set up by the ______ in 1539 but none of the books survived today.

answer

Spanish

question

Printing in North America began in _____ with the publication of ___________.

answer

1640 published 'The Whole Booke of Psalmes'

question

'The Whole Booke of Psalmes' is also known as the ______.

answer

Bay Psalm Book

question

Bay Psalm Book was put together by ________ who were unhappy with the existing translations of the psalmes.

answer

Puritans

question

The first edition of the Bay Psalm Book sold _____ copies.

answer

1,700

question

Bay Psalm Book went through at least _____ editions in the colonies and in Europe.

answer

51

question

In 1731, Ben Franklin established one of the colonies earliest circulating libraries in Philadelphia. Patrons had to pay _____ shillings initially the ____ shillings a year to continue.

answer

40 (membership) 10 a year

question

What was a popular book written by B.Frank and how many copies did it sell per year?

answer

Poor Richards Almanack -10,000 copies

question

Samuel Richardson's _______, published in 1740, was the first english novel.

answer

Pamela

question

Pamela was a book for the _____ class, with characters and situations that ordinary people could identify with.

answer

middle class

question

Franklin published a colonial edition of 'Pamela' in 1744, but it took ___ years until the 1st American novel was published.

answer

45 years

question

_____ are novels published and sold in single-chapter installments.

answer

Serial Novels

question

Serial novels were popular in the _____ and were great because they were less expensive than the whole book.

answer

1830's -1840's

question

Charles Dickens published the "_______" as a serial novel .

answer

Pickwick Papers

question

Another definition for paperback books is also known as _____.

answer

Dime Novels.

question

Dime novels sold as little as ____ cents and were very popular during the _____ war era.

answer

5 cents Civil War era

question

T/F Dime novels were shipped to Union Soldiers as a morale booster.

answer

TRUE

question

Invented in 1814, the ________ was steam powered and printed about 16,000 sections in the same amount of time.

answer

Rotary Press

question

______ typesetting machine allowed the compositor type at a keyboard rather than hand picking each letter.

answer

Linotype

question

The three major players that allows books to be published and in the hand of readers are ______, ____ , and ______.

answer

Publishers, writers, and booksellers.

question

_______ are companies that buy manuscripts form authors and turn them into books.

answer

Publishers

question

____ companies publish ___ percent of all books today.

answer

20 companies, 80% of all books

question

Why are there fear companies publishing books?

answer

Because regional companies buy all of the small companies and the international ones are buying up other major national book selling companies.

question

What are trade books?

answer

Books that are sold hardback or large-format paperback editions

question

University and Small Press issue a limited number of books and may bot be in the business for ____.

answer

Profit.

question

_______, a non profit publisher that produces books about naval history and strategy.

answer

Naval Institute Press (NIP)

question

NIP first big success was Clancy's book, ________________

answer

The Hunt for Red October

question

NIP second big success was Stephen Coonts's book, ________.

answer

Flight of the Intruder

question

_________ government is one of the nations biggest publishers.

answer

federal

question

Federal governments best seller is _______.

answer

9/11 Commission Report

question

Authors are ______________________.

answer

people who write the books.

question

T/F Authors receive a contract to publish their book. Then, once the contract is signed, they receive 50% of their advance. Does this mean they are rich?

answer

FALSE -Advances for first novels are between $1,000-$5,000.

question

T/F If the author misses the deadline, the publisher would have the right to reject the book and cancel the contract.

answer

TRUE

question

Once the book is written, the manuscript comes into place where they check the grammar. Once it is accepted, the author gets their proportion of their ______.

answer

advance

question

After the book manuscript has been accepted, revised, and money with given to the author, the book then goes into _________.

answer

Production

question

A ____ fact sheet suggests possible cover ideas.

answer

art fact sheet

question

A book designer decides what the _____ will look like, what _____ will be used, and how _____ the book will be.

answer

pages, typeface, big

question

Once the book is set and ready to print, the pages are known as _____.

answer

Proofs

question

Proofs are sent to the ______.

answer

Author

question

The author checks for ______ then the proofs are sent to produce the finished book.

answer

any corrections

question

Marketing a book includes placing _________ in any type of media.

answer

Media Society Ch. 4

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