Creative Photography Segment 2

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The language of a technical document is. . . efficient. prosaic. none of these. entertaining. confidently judgmental.

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efficient.

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Executives consistently rank () skills as the most vital of employee qualities.

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communication

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Effective communicators \"let the data speak for themselves.\" TRUE FALSE

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false

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As you advance in your profession, your ability to communicate is likely to become more important than your technical background. TRUE FALSE

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true

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Raw data is a highly usable type of information. TRUE FALSE

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false

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A computer can transmit data, but it cannot give () to the information.

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meaning

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In the best technical documents, the writer \"disappears.\" TRUE FALSE

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false

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Direct, straightforward communication is valued by all cultures. TRUE FALSE

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false

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A technical document is based on. . . usable information. none of these. intuition. the writer's deepest impressions. inspiration.

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usable information

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A technical document focuses on. . . the writer's feelings. both the subject and the writer's feelings. marketing. none of these. the subject.

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the subject

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For most technical documents, choose a tone that is. . . prosaic. embracing. serious. formal. conversational.

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conversational

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When combining sentences, place the idea that deserves most emphasis in a clause that is. . . dependent. relative. independent. none of these. subordinate.

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independent

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Never use \"I\" in technical writing. TRUE FALSE

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false

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For best emphasis, avoid placing the key word or phrase at the sentence's. . . end. terminal position. none of these. beginning. middle.

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middle

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The less specialized your audience, the fewer acronyms you should use. TRUE FALSE

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true

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In its style, an efficient sentence is clear, concise, and. . . short. entertaining. fluent. informative. mellifluous.

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fluent

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Technical communicators should generally avoid. . . euphemisms. short sentences. topic sentences. analogies. the active voice.

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euphemisms

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Whenever possible, you should preface your assertions with \"I think,\" \"In my opinion,\" \"I believe,\" or some other qualifier. FALSE TRUE

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false

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The passive voice is usually more forceful and direct than the active voice. TRUE FALSE

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false

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You should avoid using short sentences in technical writing. TRUE FALSE

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false

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Nontechnical audiences are merely interested in the bare facts, without explanations. TRUE FALSE

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false

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When unable to identify all members of an audience, you should aim at the least specialized members. TRUE FALSE

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true

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Audience analysis is only necessary when the document is long or complex. TRUE FALSE

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false

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Briefly explain the difference between primary and secondary audiences

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Primary audiences usually are those who requested the document and who will use it as a basis for decisions or actions. Secondary audiences are those who will carry out the project, who will advise the primary readers about their decision, or who will somehow be affected.

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We focus on our audience and purpose by answering these questions: Who wants the report? Who else will read it? List two other questions writers ask about their audience.

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You should have at least two of these answers. Why do they want the report? How much do they already know? What is the technical background of the primary and secondary audience? When is the report due? What does the audience need to know?

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Information needs may be culturally determined. TRUE FALSE

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true

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Briefly explain the difference between writing for a college professor and writing for an audience on the job.

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In college, the audience you write for knows more than you and is testing your knowledge; on the job, the audience you write for knows less and is using your knowledge.

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When does a message have informative value for its audience?

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Writing has informative value when it conveys knowledge that is new and worthwhile, or when it has fresh insight about something familiar.

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Primary audiences usually expect a semi technical message. TRUE FALSE

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false

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Primary and secondary audiences often have different technical backgrounds. TRUE FALSE

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true

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Justification reports are unique in that they are. . . authorized or requested by the readers. often initiated by the writer. rarely written by junior employees. none of these are correct

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often initiated by the writer.

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Memos are major means of written communication within organizations because they. . . leave a \"paper trail.\" are easy to write and read. are less expensive than other communications media. all of these are correct

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leave a \"paper trail.\"

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Short reports are always written at the lowest level of technicality. TRUE FALSE

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false

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Email increases both the quantity and quality of information. TRUE FALSE

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false

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Monitoring of email by an employer is legal. TRUE FALSE

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true

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A typical memo does not have. . . a distribution notation. a complimentary close and signature. single spacing. a subject line. topic headings.

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a complimentary close and signature.

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As a form of internal correspondence, memos have few legal implications. TRUE FALSE

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false

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A memorandum usually should be no more than one page long. TRUE FALSE

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false

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Writing in FULL CAPS increases the readability of email. TRUE FALSE

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false

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Use your company's email network to send. . . a dinner invitation to a colleague. all of these an evaluation of an employee. a formal letter to a client. an announcement for a company picnic.

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an announcement for a company picnic.`

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or users who will be facing complex information or difficult steps, you should not. . . use visuals. shorten the paragraphs. increase all white space. widen the margins. use a 10-point or smaller type size.

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use a 10-point or smaller type size.`

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Whenever possible, begin a sentence after a heading with This, It, or some other pronoun that refers to the heading. TRUE FALSE

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false

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Technical documents usually are read with undivided attention. TRUE FALSE

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false

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Margins of 1/2 inch or smaller are desirable for most documents. TRUE FALSE

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false

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Words in lowercase letters are easier to read than those in uppercase letters. TRUE FALSE

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true

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Page design requirements vary from organization to organization. TRUE FALSE

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true

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For more personal forms of communication (letters/ memos, and so on), choose. . . warm designs. barely justified text. unjustified text. justified text. short lines

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unjustified text

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When adding headings, be sure to. . . use no more than two levels of headings. use headings sparingly. use \"catchy\" phrasing. make each higher-level heading yield at least three lower-level headings. insert one additional line of space above your heading.

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insert one additional line of space above your heading.

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For highlighting your document. . . use dramatic typefaces sparingly. use FULL CAPS often. use color generously. use long lines of italic type. use all of these.

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use dramatic typefaces sparingly.

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For any document that your audience is likely to read completely (such as a letter, memo, or instructions) you should. . . double-space within paragraphs and triple-space between. use any of these. single-space within paragraphs and double-space between. double-space between all lines.

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single-space within paragraphs and double-space between.`

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Workplace surveys show that people view meetings as a big waste of time. TRUE FALSE

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true

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Electronically mediated collaboration is preferable when. . . all of these the issue is sensitive or controversial. none of these it is important to neutralize personality clashes. people don't know each other.

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it is important to neutralize personality clashes.

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Conflict in a collaborative group can be productive. TRUE FALSE

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true

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A collaborative group functions best when each of its members has equal authority. TRUE FALSE

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false

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\"Reviewing\" is a more precise term for \"editing.\" TRUE FALSE

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false

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Sources of conflict in collaborative groups include. . . interpersonal differences. gender differences. cultural differences. all of these

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all of these

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In collaborating to produce a document, all members of a collaborative team participate in the actual \"writing.\" TRUE FALSE

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false

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Strategies for creative thinking include all of the following except. . . mind mapping. storyboarding. brain scanning. brain-writing. brain-storming.

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brain scanning.

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In mixed-gender groups, assertive females are considered highly persuasive. TRUE FALSE

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false

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Conflict in collaborative groups can increase when the group transacts exclusively online. TRUE FALSE

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true

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Of all kinds of technical communication, instructions have the most demanding requirements for clarity and phrasing. TRUE FALSE

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true

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Any warnings or cautions should be spelled out. . . in an appendix. just before the respective steps. in the introduction. all of theses

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just before the respective steps.

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Any visual in a set of instructions should be. . . placed in an appendix so as not to interrupt the steps. placed in the introduction to increase interest. incorporated within the discussion of the related step for immediate reference. none of these

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incorporated within the discussion of the related step for immediate reference.

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Above all, make your instructions brief. TRUE FALSE

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false

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Always use the imperative mood in phrasing instructions for cross-cultural audiences. TRUE FALSE

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false

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To avoid cluttering your instructions, use as few transitional expressions as possible. TRUE FALSE

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false

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In general, phrase instructions in the. . . active voice and imperative mood. active voice and the subjunctive mood. passive voice and the indicative mood. all of these

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active voice and imperative mood.

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Instructions emphasize. . . the writer's performance. the subject's performance. the user's performance. all of these none of these

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the user's performance.

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Because users are often impatient, the introduction to a set of instructions should give very little background. TRUE FALSE

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false

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Working definitions of specialized terms for instructions belong. . . in the introduction. just before the related step. in a glossary. none of these

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in the introduction

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Definitions should be. . . impressionistic. judgmental. eclectic. objective. engaging.

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objective

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Circular definitions help clarify technical concepts. FALSE TRUE

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false

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Parenthetical definitions are often synonyms. FALSE TRUE

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true

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Besides etymology, history, and background, list three strategies for expanding definitions.

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:)

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If your report has many parenthetical or sentence definitions, place them. . . in an index. in the introduction. in a glossary. in the informative abstract. at appropriate places throughout the discussion.

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in a glossary

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Abstract and general terms (e.g. condominium, loan, partnership) often call for. . . expanded definition. sentence definition. none of these all of these parenthetical definition.

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expanded definition

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Working definitions often are stated as. . . none of these eclectic definitions. expanded definitions. sentence definitions. parenthetical definitions.

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sentence definitions.

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Expanded definitions usually belong in report appendixes. TRUE FALSE

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false

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The specific strategies of expansion you choose will depend on. . . the information you have. the amount of space in your report. the needs of your audience. none of these the time you have.

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the needs of your audience.

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list three parts of sentence definition

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:)

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For illustrating a trend, the appropriate figure is typically. . . a pie chart. a photograph. a block diagram. a bar graph. a line graph

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a line graph

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Pie charts generally should have no more than eight segments. FALSE TRUE

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true

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The more complex and richly detailed the visual, the more interesting readers will find it. FALSE TRUE

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false

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An outstanding benefit of the more popular computer graphics programs is. . . clip art. none of these engaging visual designs. relative ease of use. the many colors that can be produced on a map, graph, and so on.

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relative ease of use.

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All visuals belong in. . . appendices. none of these in a glossary. the report text. in either the report text or the appendices, depending on their relationship to the discussion.

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in either the report text or the appendices, depending on their relationship to the discussion.

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Distortion for the sake of emphasis in a visual often is justified. TRUE FALSE

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false

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To illustrate concepts, the parts in a block diagram are represented as symbols or as geometric shapes. TRUE FALSE

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true

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For illustrating specific parts in a complex mechanism, photographs are generally better than diagrams. TRUE FALSE

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false

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To show how the parts of an item are assembled, use. . . an organizational chart. an exploded diagram. a bar graph. a photograph. a pie chart.

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an exploded diagram.

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A legend is. . . none of these a list that credits data sources for the visual. a caption that explains each bar or line in a graph. a prose introduction to a visual. a visual achievement of historic magnitude.

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a caption that explains each bar or line in a graph.

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Besides a spatial sequence, list two possible sequences for describing an item.

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Functional and Chronological

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Besides \"What is it?\" List three reader questions that are typically answered by a technical description.

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What does it do? What does it look like? what is it made of? How does it work?

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Users of any technical description need as much information as possible. TRUE FALSE

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false

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The most precise technical descriptions are. . . objective. creative. vividly subjective. all of these visionary.

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objective

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\"Phlebotomy specimen\" is a more precise and descriptive way of saying \"blood.\" TRUE FALSE

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false

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Words such as impressive, new, improved, large, and better often are seen in technical descriptions. TRUE FALSE

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false

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The details you select for a description will depend on all these elements except. . . your purpose. the intended use of the description. your user's information needs. your writing situation. your personal preferences.

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your personal preferences.

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Any item can be described in many ways. TRUE FALSE

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true

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When in doubt about how much to include in a description, one should remember that too many details always are better than too few. TRUE FALSE

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true

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The main purpose of technical description is to stimulate consumer interest in products. TRUE FALSE

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false

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Usability criteria for a document are defined by. . . constraints of the setting. none of these the type of task. user characteristics. all of these

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all of these

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Online documents are often harder to navigate than printed pages. TRUE FALSE

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true

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Usability testing is usually performed only on complex products or documents. TRUE FALSE

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false

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In testing a document for usability, each evaluator should work alone. TRUE FALSE

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true

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A usable document enables users to do all of the following except. . . easily locate the needed information. carry out the task safely, efficiently, and accurately. develop creative approaches to the task. understand the information. use the information successfully.

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develop creative approaches to the task.

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A basic usability survey focuses primarily on a document's content. TRUE FALSE

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false

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Three \"human factors\" that enhance or limit performance include. . .

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attitudes, abilities, and limitations

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Expert users tend to read a document sequentially (page by page). TRUE FALSE

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false

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Online documents tend to be organized in modular fashion. TRUE FALSE

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true

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Usability testing should occur under controlled conditions. TRUE FALSE

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true

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Every problem has a definite solution that can be revealed in an exhaustive analysis. TRUE FALSE

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false

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An analytical report may address two or more types of analytical problems. TRUE FALSE

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true

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You should always construct a formal outline of your analysis before writing a first draft. TRUE FALSE

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false

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Writers of analytical reports. . . begin with a clear identification of the problem or question. usually discover the problem or question only during their investigation or drafting. ignore the problem or question until they have completed their research. eschew visuals.

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begin with a clear identification of the problem or question.

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Thinking critically about your recommendations means. . . considering all the details. locating the weak spots. making improvements. all of these

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all of these

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Among the typical analytical problems are \"Why does X happen?\" and \"How do I do X?\" TRUE FALSE

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false

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The general purpose in any analysis is to prove the writer's point. In your analytical report, therefore, cite only data that support your thesis. TRUE FALSE

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false

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Audiences for analytical reports always expect. . . just the facts, so that they can interpret them as they see fit. a full interpretation of the data. valid conclusions and recommendations. detailed instructions.

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a full interpretation of the data

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Analytical reports typically. . . lead to recommendations. rely only on secondary sources. are written for clients and readers outside the organization. rely heavily on supplements. are written for readers within the organization.

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lead to recommendations.

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Audiences for analytical reports are likely to be most interested in. . . the conclusion. the headings. the body. the introduction. the visuals and appendices.

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the conclusion.

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Decisions in the research process are recursive. TRUE FALSE

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true

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In research, \"balance\" and \"accuracy\" are synonymous. TRUE FALSE

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false

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Effective research eliminates contradictory conclusions. TRUE FALSE

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false

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Web pages usually are dependable sources for information that offers both depth and quality. TRUE FALSE

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false

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At its deepest level, secondary research examines. . . specialized and government sources. electronic newsgroups. tabloids. trade and business publications. the popular press.

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specialized and government sources.

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Effective research depends on all of the following except. . . asking the right questions. achieving sufficient depth. getting at the facts. sampling a full range of opinions. finding a definite answer.

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finding a definite answer.

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Expert testimony usually offers a reliable \"final word.\" TRUE FALSE

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false

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An ethical researcher reports all points of view as if they were equal. TRUE FALSE

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FALSE

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Likely sources for relatively impartial views are. . . specialized and government sources. Web pages. all of these none of these trade and business sources.

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specialized and government sources.

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The research process can be visualized as a \"looping\" structure. TRUE FALSE

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true

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\"Correlation\" is a more precise term for \"causation.\" TRUE FALSE

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false

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The basic criteria by which we measure the dependability of any research are. . . validity and reliability. timeliness and efficiency. conciseness and emphasis. relevance and focus. all of these

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validity and reliability.

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\"Framing\" offers an ethical way to present the facts. TRUE FALSE

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false

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The most recent information is almost always the most reliable. TRUE FALSE

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false

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Research is most effective when it achieves \"certainty.\" TRUE FALSE

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false

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Valid research typically produces. . . a conclusive answer. a probable answer. an inconclusive answer. any of these

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any of these

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Indicators of quality for a Web site include all of the following except. . . objective coverage. presentations that include graphics, video, and sound. material that has been peer reviewed. options for contacting the author or organization. links to reputable sites.

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presentations that include graphics, video, and sound.

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In statistics, the mode is the value that occurs most often. TRUE FALSE

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true

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Personal bias among researchers is inescapable. TRUE FALSE

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true

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Numbers tend to be less misleading than words. TRUE FALSE

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false

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Especially important to nonspecialized audiences for long proposals is/are. . . the appendices. the letter of transmittal. the conclusion. the introduction. the abstract.

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the abstract

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Generally, unsolicited proposals have longer introductions than those that have been solicited. TRUE FALSe

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true

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In some long proposals, the conclusion can be omitted. TRUE FALSE

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true

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Proposals are usually written at the lowest level of technicality. TRUE FALSE

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false

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Successful proposals are usually those that are. . . most prosaic. most ambitious. most specific. most elaborately designed. most creative.

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most specific

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Business and government proposals are most often unsolicited. TRUE FALSE

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false

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The guidelines for developing a proposal for a specific client are typically included in. . . the RFP. the proposing firm's operations manuals. any comprehensive textbook. the letter of transmittal.

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the RFP

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A proposal for improving your company's employee morale, requested by the vice-president in charge of personnel, would probably be classified as. . . an unsolicited external planning proposal. a sales proposal. none of these a solicited internal planning proposal. a solicited internal research proposal

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a solicited internal planning proposal.

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Besides being clear, the proposal plan must be. . . highly optimistic. inexpensive. realistic. coercive. creative.

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realistic

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The body section of a proposal receives most attention from readers. TRUE FALSE

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true

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Lies that are \"legal\" in the workplace include all of the following, except. . . inflated claims about your commitment. promises you know you can't keep. credentials you don't have. broken contractual promises. assurances you haven't verified.

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broken contractual promises.

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In reports to their superiors, subordinates tend to suppress bad news. TRUE FALSE

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true

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Ethical employees stand a better chance of speaking out and surviving if they avoid everything except. . . procrastination. crusading. overstating the problem. keeping a \"paper trail.\" overreacting.

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keeping a \"paper trail.\"

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The law offers full protection for employees who take an ethical stand against an employer. TRUE FALSE

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false

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Among managers polled nationwide, those who felt pressured by their company to compromise their ethical standards numbered. . . greater than 50 percent. 25 percent. 40 percent. fewer than 10 percent. over 90 percent.

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greater than 50 percent

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In ethical organizations, \"groupthink\" is preferable to \"team play.\" TRUE FALSE

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false

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To be effective, a message must be ethical. TRUE FALSE

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false

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The law provides adequate guidelines for ethical behavior. TRUE FALSE

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false

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Ethical employees always owe their greatest loyalty to. . . co-workers. themselves. none of these their company. clients and customers

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none of these

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The Challenger disaster was an unavoidable consequence of mechanical failure. TRUE FALSE

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false

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Generally you should summarize someone else's material in your own words. TRUE FALSE

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true

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To avoid confusing anyone in a large and unspecified audience, make your summary. . . as entertaining as possible. as brief as possible. highly technical. nontechnical. graphically engaging

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nontechnical.

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Above all, a good summary is. . . grammatically correct. entertaining. brief. concise. obtuse.

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concise

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A descriptive abstract presents. . . the essential message from the original. the pedantic perspective. the most general view. a visual depiction. the most detailed view.

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the most general view.

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The length of your summary should be your primary interest. TRUE FALSE

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false

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More people are likely to read your summary than any other part of your report. TRUE FALSE

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true

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Whenever possible, you should insert personal comments about material in the summary. TRUE FALSE

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false

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For a summary, the essential message does not include. . . major findings. key statistics. controlling ideas. conclusions and recommendations. examples and visuals.

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examples and visuals.

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A summary never should be longer than 5% of the original. TRUE FALSE

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false

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New employees often summarize professional literature for decision makers. TRUE FALSE

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true

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If necessary during your talk, liven things up with clever digressions. TRUE FALSE

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false

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You should use as many visuals as possible during your presentation. TRUE FALSE

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false

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To be sure you stay on track during your presentation, prepare beforehand a. . . cue cards. numbered list of key words. verbatim script of the entire presentation. topic outline. sentence outline.

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sentence outline

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The impromptu delivery is usually effective for a formal report. TRUE FALSE

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false

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A good strategy for connecting with your audience is. . . an authoritarian tone. an occasional anecdote. well-timed digressions. eye contact. a rich array of jokes.

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eye contact

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Before giving your talk, you should carefully rehearse. TRUE FALSE

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true

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For most subjects, you should distribute any handouts only after your presentation. TRUE FALSE

answer

true

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Complex and elaborate visuals help keep your audience interested. TRUE FALSE

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false

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Generally, the most effective way of presenting an oral report is to. . . none of these use extemporaneous delivery. repeat it from memory. give an oration. read it aloud.

answer

use extemporaneous delivery.

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To keep your audience's attention, aim for a maximum delivery time of. . . 40 minutes. 30 minutes. 20 minutes. any of these 10 minutes.

answer

20 minutes

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Macro photography should be done in color, not in black and white as this hides detail.

answer

False

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Adults' hands can be photographed engaging in a favorite activity or holding hands with someone.

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True

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The amount of magnification gained from the extension tube depends on the focal length of the lens.

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True

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Lighting becomes less important with macro photography since you are so close to the subject.

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False

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Many amateur photographers use a macro lens.

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False

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Only pretty objects should be used in macro photography.

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False

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You can create a backdrop for a macro flower photograph with a piece of paper.

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True

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What is the magnification on a true macro lens?

answer

1:1

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What is a disadvantage of using a macro filter?

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It can degrade the quality of the image.

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In extreme close-up photographs what background works best?

answer

Blurred background

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What is true of extension tubes?

answer

They are hollow.

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Which of the following is true of macro photography with people?

answer

People are not good subjects for macro photography.

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Macro photography often involves what type of depth of field?

answer

Shallow

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Close-up photography is another word for what?

answer

Macro photography

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What lighting direction can make a flower's petals almost glow?

answer

Backlighting

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It is very difficult to enter the field of photography as a career.

answer

False

question

Many professional photographers take business courses or training to help them run their businesses.

answer

True

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The need for photographers is decreasing in the United States.

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True

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Photojournalists may be employed by newspapers and magazines.

answer

True

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Many photographers work non-traditional hours, such as weekends.

answer

True

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Professional photography is a competitive job field.

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True

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A college degree is required for professional photographers.

answer

False

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Photographers who own studios are responsible for what costs?

answer

All of the above

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A scientific photographer concentrates on which subject?

answer

Disease

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What is the educational path for professional photographers?

answer

There is no uniform educational or training path or requirements

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A commercial photographer concentrates on which subject?

answer

Fashion

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What do professional photographers who own their own business have to do to be successful?

answer

All of the above

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What is the first step in becoming a professional photographer?

answer

Having a passion and interest for photography

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Forensic photographers photograph which of the following?

answer

Crime scenes

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Some buildings are also copyrighted, so it's a good idea to check if you plan to license a photograph with a famous building in it.

answer

True

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A model release can be either oral or written down.

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False

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A model release is a document that spells out under which conditions a photographer may use a photograph of someone.

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True

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Commercial use is typically defined as the use of an image for advertising purposes.

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True

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It is always legal to license or sell a photograph with a person in it.

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False

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Photographers may photograph into someone's house as long as they are standing in the street.

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False

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What a photograph will be used for impacts its legal and ethical position.

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True

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Which word describes a photograph that is considered for editorial use?

answer

Newsworthy

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The copyright symbol looks like which of the following?

answer

©

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What permits the copying of a photograph in certain circumstances?

answer

Fair use

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Where might photography be banned?

answer

Military bases

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Which convention automatically transfers copyright to the producer of a work of art?

answer

The Berne Convention

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Which amendment in the United States protects the freedom of speech?

answer

First Amendment

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When do you need a model release?

answer

The person is recognizable in the photograph, and you want to be able to license the photograph for commercial use.

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The idea of copyright dates back to when and where?

answer

1500s and Great Britain

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In 1941, Alfred Eisenstaedt worked for the War Relocation Authority to document the forced evacuation of Japanese-Americans on the West Coast to relocation camps.

answer

False

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Edward Weston had a beach named after him.

answer

True

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Eisenstaedt's work illustrates the need for photographers to be ready for those perfect spontaneous moments that create great photographs.

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True

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Weston's \"Print of the Month\" club brought him financial stability.

answer

True

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Ansel Adams is best known for his black and white photographs of national parks.

answer

True

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The government celebrated Lange's documentation of the relocation process in Japanese American camps.

answer

False

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Dorothea Lange helped to co-found the photography magazine Aperture.

answer

True

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Annie Liebovitz is known for her photographs in which area?

answer

Portraits

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Which photographer was known for his/her work as an environmentalist?

answer

Ansel Adams

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What group did Ansel Adams and Edward Weston help to found?

answer

Group f/64

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Which photographer produced iconic images of the Great Depression?

answer

Dorothea Lange

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Which photographer was born in Germany?

answer

Alfred Eisenstaedt

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Annie Leibovitz worked at which publication?

answer

Rolling Stone

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Which of the following celebrities have been photographed by Annie Leibovitz?

answer

All of the above

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Which photographer had a \"Print of the Month\" club?

answer

Edward Weston

question

Which tool or feature is a sort of transparency or overlay that is placed over the top of an image to change that image in some way?

answer

Layers

question

Which filter would you use to take a close-up of a flower?

answer

Marco

question

Which is the best image editing software program?

answer

Whichever program works best for the individual photographer's needs and preferences

question

The ND of the ND filter stands for which of the following?

answer

Neutral density

question

What should you do when taking a black and white photograph?

answer

Look for active skies.

question

Which of the following photo editing software programs is free?

answer

GNU Image Manipulation Program

question

When doing black and white photography, which file format should you use if possible?

answer

RAW

question

Why would photographers want to process their film in the darkroom?

answer

It gives the photographer greater control over the print.

question

Which of the following was a famous photographer who specialized in black and white photographs?

answer

Ansel Adams

question

What is the difference between light and dark called?

answer

Contrast

question

Photo editing can transform any image into a great photograph.

answer

False

question

Light can make or break a black and white photograph.

answer

True

question

Digital cameras are less susceptible to UV light.

answer

True

question

A filter is a camera accessory that is mounted on the optical path of the lens.

answer

True

question

The first flexible photographic film was developed by Kodak Eastman in the 1960s.

answer

False

question

Filters can only be used on film cameras.

answer

False

question

Images are immediately visible to the naked eye on film once they have been taken by a camera.

answer

False

question

Darkrooms require very little training to use or stay safe in.

answer

False

question

Macro filters are used to add saturated colors to landscape photographs.

answer

False

question

GIMP does not have a traditional support department or customer service.

answer

True

question

Tonal contrast is the difference between highlights and dark tones.

answer

True

question

To develop a print, you'll need ten trays of chemicals.

answer

False

question

Professional photographers often use the lowest quality settings on their cameras since this can be reversed in Photoshop.

answer

False

question

While developing a print, it is important to gently agitate the trays.

answer

True

question

Many of the changes added by filters can be duplicated by photo editing software.

answer

True

question

Stock agencies are often concerned about what?

answer

Noise

question

Early displayed photographs often had what characteristic?

answer

They were mounted on plywood without frames.

question

Noise is the presence of what in a photograph?

answer

Color specks

question

Where is the photographer's signature generally located?

answer

In the lower right-hand side below the photograph.

question

Who is often credited with displaying the first fine art photographs?

answer

John Jabez Edwin Mayall

question

For product photography, which background is often preferred?

answer

White

question

A product photograph is mostly likely to be used in which of the following situations?

answer

With a stock agency

question

Many stock photographs are meant to convey what?

answer

A particular concept

question

Stock photographers typically use which file format for their images?

answer

RAW

question

What can cause noise?

answer

All of the above

question

Whereas traditional stock agencies showcase the work of professional photographers, anyone can submit to microstock agencies, provided that the images meet the criteria that the microstock agency has set up.

answer

True

question

It is best to position a product directly next to the background to eliminate glare.

answer

False

question

Fine art photography overlaps with a number of other areas of photography.

answer

True

question

When displaying photographs in a gallery, museum, or other location, photographers should check with the location itself about any presentation guidelines.

answer

True

question

In addition to, or in place of, a front signature, many photographers sign and date the back of a photograph.

answer

True

question

The presentation of a photograph does not really add or detract from the photograph and should not be a concern for photographers.

answer

False

question

Model releases are needed for stock images when a person is recognizable in them.

answer

True

question

Noise in a photograph can appear for different reasons, including using a high ISO, using a long exposure, or heat in the image generator itself.

answer

True

question

Light boxes and tents are typically used for fine art photography.

answer

False

question

When you are photographing a product, it is important for the product to be clean, defect-free, and in good condition.

answer

True

question

Fine Art and Commercial photography have little in common.

answer

False

question

Snapshots taken on vacations and during family outings are often popular stock images.

answer

False

question

The beginnings of fine art photography can be dated back to the Victorian era.

answer

True

question

When photographers wish to use a stock photograph, they generally pay a fee to license the image for a particular product, such as a brochure, for a particular amount of time.

answer

True

question

Few fine art photographs are sold today.

answer

False

question

Photojournalists may carry several different cameras and lenses to help them get different shots.

answer

True

question

Due to the internet, photojournalism is declining rapidly.

answer

False

question

Photojournalists help to record and provide proof of events such as genocide, massacres, and natural disasters.

answer

True

question

A telephoto lens is rarely used by photojournalists.

answer

False

question

Photojournalists should never introduce themselves to the people they are photographing.

answer

False

question

Law enforcement and emergency personnel always respond positively to photojournalists.

answer

False

question

Photojournalists typically earn the most out of all photography areas.

answer

False

question

Photojournalists often work in pressure-filled situations.

answer

True

question

There is usually little need to assess a situation before photographing.

answer

True

question

Photojournalists should always photograph the most emotionally loaded scene that they can find.

answer

False

question

Photojournalism plays an important role in the world today by documenting events and situations.

answer

True

question

Photojournalists should feel free to manipulate their images with photo editing software in order to tell the story, even if that means deleting or adding things.

answer

True

question

Photographers generally have unlimited access to sporting events.

answer

False

question

Whereas journalism records written information, photojournalism records visual information.

answer

True

question

As recorders of information, photojournalists need to be mindful of presenting the world as they see it, without manipulating the scene or telling half-truths through the visual image.

answer

True

question

Which of the following is a good tip for documentary photography?

answer

Shoot with your heart ?

question

What depth of field do you generally want in sports photography?

answer

Large

question

To introduce more drama to an image, a photographer might include which of the following?

answer

Action

question

Photojournalism helps to gather and record which of the following?

answer

Information

question

What responsibility does a photojournalist have?

answer

To record accurately

question

When panning, your camera should move in which direction?

answer

Parallel to the subject

question

What is one technique that can help a photojournalist capture a great candid photograph?

answer

Anticipate what might happen.

question

Documentary photographers strive to produce what type of image?

answer

True

question

What can help photojournalists get a close-up shot when they are positioned away from the scene they are shooting?

answer

Telephoto lens

question

To get a great sports photograph, you need to do what?

answer

Anticipate the action

question

Macro photography should be done in color, not in black and white as this hides detail.

answer

False

question

Adults' hands can be photographed engaging in a favorite activity or holding hands with someone.

answer

True

question

The amount of magnification gained from the extension tube depends on the focal length of the lens.

answer

True

question

Lighting becomes less important with macro photography since you are so close to the subject.

answer

False

question

Many amateur photographers use a macro lens.

answer

False

question

Only pretty objects should be used in macro photography.

answer

False

question

You can create a backdrop for a macro flower photograph with a piece of paper.

answer

True

question

What is the magnification on a true macro lens?

answer

1:1

question

What is a disadvantage of using a macro filter?

answer

It can degrade the quality of the image.

question

In extreme close-up photographs what background works best?

answer

Blurred background

question

What is true of extension tubes?

answer

They are hollow.

question

Which of the following is true of macro photography with people?

answer

People are not good subjects for macro photography.

question

Macro photography often involves what type of depth of field?

answer

Shallow

question

Close-up photography is another word for what?

answer

Macro photography

question

What lighting direction can make a flower's petals almost glow?

answer

Backlighting

question

It is very difficult to enter the field of photography as a career.

answer

False

question

Many professional photographers take business courses or training to help them run their businesses.

answer

True

question

The need for photographers is decreasing in the United States.

answer

True

question

Photojournalists may be employed by newspapers and magazines.

answer

True

question

Many photographers work non-traditional hours, such as weekends.

answer

True

question

Professional photography is a competitive job field.

answer

True

question

A college degree is required for professional photographers.

answer

False

question

Photographers who own studios are responsible for what costs?

answer

All of the above

question

A scientific photographer concentrates on which subject?

answer

Disease

question

What is the educational path for professional photographers?

answer

There is no uniform educational or training path or requirements

question

A commercial photographer concentrates on which subject?

answer

Fashion

question

What do professional photographers who own their own business have to do to be successful?

answer

All of the above

question

What is the first step in becoming a professional photographer?

answer

Having a passion and interest for photography

question

Forensic photographers photograph which of the following?

answer

Crime scenes

question

Some buildings are also copyrighted, so it's a good idea to check if you plan to license a photograph with a famous building in it.

answer

True

question

A model release can be either oral or written down.

answer

False

question

A model release is a document that spells out under which conditions a photographer may use a photograph of someone.

answer

True

question

Commercial use is typically defined as the use of an image for advertising purposes.

answer

True

question

It is always legal to license or sell a photograph with a person in it.

answer

False

question

Photographers may photograph into someone's house as long as they are standing in the street.

answer

False

question

What a photograph will be used for impacts its legal and ethical position.

answer

True

question

Which word describes a photograph that is considered for editorial use?

answer

Newsworthy

question

The copyright symbol looks like which of the following?

answer

©

question

What permits the copying of a photograph in certain circumstances?

answer

Fair use

question

Where might photography be banned?

answer

Military bases

question

Which convention automatically transfers copyright to the producer of a work of art?

answer

The Berne Convention

question

Which amendment in the United States protects the freedom of speech?

answer

First Amendment

question

When do you need a model release?

answer

The person is recognizable in the photograph, and you want to be able to license the photograph for commercial use.

question

The idea of copyright dates back to when and where?

answer

1500s and Great Britain

question

In 1941, Alfred Eisenstaedt worked for the War Relocation Authority to document the forced evacuation of Japanese-Americans on the West Coast to relocation camps.

answer

False

question

Edward Weston had a beach named after him.

answer

True

question

Eisenstaedt's work illustrates the need for photographers to be ready for those perfect spontaneous moments that create great photographs.

answer

True

question

Weston's \"Print of the Month\" club brought him financial stability.

answer

True

question

Ansel Adams is best known for his black and white photographs of national parks.

answer

True

question

The government celebrated Lange's documentation of the relocation process in Japanese American camps.

answer

False

question

Dorothea Lange helped to co-found the photography magazine Aperture.

answer

True

question

Annie Liebovitz is known for her photographs in which area?

answer

Portraits

question

Which photographer was known for his/her work as an environmentalist?

answer

Ansel Adams

question

What group did Ansel Adams and Edward Weston help to found?

answer

Group f/64

question

Which photographer produced iconic images of the Great Depression?

answer

Dorothea Lange

question

Which photographer was born in Germany?

answer

Alfred Eisenstaedt

question

Annie Leibovitz worked at which publication?

answer

Rolling Stone

question

Which of the following celebrities have been photographed by Annie Leibovitz?

answer

All of the above

question

Which photographer had a \"Print of the Month\" club?

answer

Edward Weston

question

Which tool or feature is a sort of transparency or overlay that is placed over the top of an image to change that image in some way?

answer

Layers

question

Which filter would you use to take a close-up of a flower?

answer

Marco

question

Which is the best image editing software program?

answer

Whichever program works best for the individual photographer's needs and preferences

question

The ND of the ND filter stands for which of the following?

answer

Neutral density

question

What should you do when taking a black and white photograph?

answer

Look for active skies.

question

Which of the following photo editing software programs is free?

answer

GNU Image Manipulation Program

question

When doing black and white photography, which file format should you use if possible?

answer

RAW

question

Why would photographers want to process their film in the darkroom?

answer

It gives the photographer greater control over the print.

question

Which of the following was a famous photographer who specialized in black and white photographs?

answer

Ansel Adams

question

What is the difference between light and dark called?

answer

Contrast

question

Photo editing can transform any image into a great photograph.

answer

False

question

Light can make or break a black and white photograph.

answer

True

question

Digital cameras are less susceptible to UV light.

answer

True

question

A filter is a camera accessory that is mounted on the optical path of the lens.

answer

True

question

The first flexible photographic film was developed by Kodak Eastman in the 1960s.

answer

False

question

Filters can only be used on film cameras.

answer

False

question

Images are immediately visible to the naked eye on film once they have been taken by a camera.

answer

False

question

Darkrooms require very little training to use or stay safe in.

answer

False

question

Macro filters are used to add saturated colors to landscape photographs.

answer

False

question

GIMP does not have a traditional support department or customer service.

answer

True

question

Tonal contrast is the difference between highlights and dark tones.

answer

True

question

To develop a print, you'll need ten trays of chemicals.

answer

False

question

Professional photographers often use the lowest quality settings on their cameras since this can be reversed in Photoshop.

answer

False

question

While developing a print, it is important to gently agitate the trays.

answer

True

question

Many of the changes added by filters can be duplicated by photo editing software.

answer

True

question

Stock agencies are often concerned about what?

answer

Noise

question

Early displayed photographs often had what characteristic?

answer

They were mounted on plywood without frames.

question

Noise is the presence of what in a photograph?

answer

Color specks

question

Where is the photographer's signature generally located?

answer

In the lower right-hand side below the photograph.

question

Who is often credited with displaying the first fine art photographs?

answer

John Jabez Edwin Mayall

question

For product photography, which background is often preferred?

answer

White

question

A product photograph is mostly likely to be used in which of the following situations?

answer

With a stock agency

question

Many stock photographs are meant to convey what?

answer

A particular concept

question

Stock photographers typically use which file format for their images?

answer

RAW

question

What can cause noise?

answer

All of the above

question

Whereas traditional stock agencies showcase the work of professional photographers, anyone can submit to microstock agencies, provided that the images meet the criteria that the microstock agency has set up.

answer

True

question

It is best to position a product directly next to the background to eliminate glare.

answer

False

question

Fine art photography overlaps with a number of other areas of photography.

answer

True

question

When displaying photographs in a gallery, museum, or other location, photographers should check with the location itself about any presentation guidelines.

answer

True

question

In addition to, or in place of, a front signature, many photographers sign and date the back of a photograph.

answer

True

question

The presentation of a photograph does not really add or detract from the photograph and should not be a concern for photographers.

answer

False

question

Model releases are needed for stock images when a person is recognizable in them.

answer

True

question

Noise in a photograph can appear for different reasons, including using a high ISO, using a long exposure, or heat in the image generator itself.

answer

True

question

Light boxes and tents are typically used for fine art photography.

answer

False

question

When you are photographing a product, it is important for the product to be clean, defect-free, and in good condition.

answer

True

question

Fine Art and Commercial photography have little in common.

answer

False

question

Snapshots taken on vacations and during family outings are often popular stock images.

answer

False

question

The beginnings of fine art photography can be dated back to the Victorian era.

answer

True

question

When photographers wish to use a stock photograph, they generally pay a fee to license the image for a particular product, such as a brochure, for a particular amount of time.

answer

True

question

Few fine art photographs are sold today.

answer

False

question

Photojournalists may carry several different cameras and lenses to help them get different shots.

answer

True

question

Due to the internet, photojournalism is declining rapidly.

answer

False

question

Photojournalists help to record and provide proof of events such as genocide, massacres, and natural disasters.

answer

True

question

A telephoto lens is rarely used by photojournalists.

answer

False

question

Photojournalists should never introduce themselves to the people they are photographing.

answer

False

question

Law enforcement and emergency personnel always respond positively to photojournalists.

answer

False

question

Photojournalists typically earn the most out of all photography areas.

answer

False

question

Photojournalists often work in pressure-filled situations.

answer

True

question

There is usually little need to assess a situation before photographing.

answer

True

question

Photojournalists should always photograph the most emotionally loaded scene that they can find.

answer

False

question

Photojournalism plays an important role in the world today by documenting events and situations.

answer

True

question

Photojournalists should feel free to manipulate their images with photo editing software in order to tell the story, even if that means deleting or adding things.

answer

True

question

Photographers generally have unlimited access to sporting events.

answer

False

question

Whereas journalism records written information, photojournalism records visual information.

answer

True

question

As recorders of information, photojournalists need to be mindful of presenting the world as they see it, without manipulating the scene or telling half-truths through the visual image.

answer

True

question

Which of the following is a good tip for documentary photography?

answer

Shoot with your heart ?

question

What depth of field do you generally want in sports photography?

answer

Large

question

To introduce more drama to an image, a photographer might include which of the following?

answer

Action

question

Photojournalism helps to gather and record which of the following?

answer

Information

question

What responsibility does a photojournalist have?

answer

To record accurately

question

When panning, your camera should move in which direction?

answer

Parallel to the subject

question

What is one technique that can help a photojournalist capture a great candid photograph?

answer

Anticipate what might happen.

question

Documentary photographers strive to produce what type of image?

answer

True

question

What can help photojournalists get a close-up shot when they are positioned away from the scene they are shooting?

answer

Telephoto lens

question

To get a great sports photograph, you need to do what?

answer

Anticipate the action

question

Camera

answer

A light-tight box that contains a light-sensitive material or device in a way of letting in a desired amount of light at particular times to create an image on the light-sensitive material.

question

Lens

answer

The optical element of a camera. A ground or molded piece of glass, plastic, or other transparent material with opposite surfaces, either or both which are curved, by means of which light rays are refracted so that they converge or diverge to form an image

question

Converging or Convex Lens

answer

-Will bend the light toward the center of the lens, since one or both sides of the glass curve out. It takes various rays of light and bends them toward the same point, which ultimately allows an image to form

question

Focal Length

answer

The magnification of a lens. The distance between the lens and the film, when the lens is focused at an infinite distance.

question

Telephoto Lenses

answer

Lenses that magnify an image or make an object seem closer than it really is.

question

Wide-Angle Lens

answer

Lens that shrinks the object in front of it, by way of a shorter focal length

question

Shutter

answer

Opens and closes between the film and the lens, letting light in only when you have told the camera to do so

question

Shutter Speed

answer

Length of time that light is let into the camera in order to expose the film

question

Iris Diaphragm

answer

A set of overlapping metal plates that expand out and allow more light or fold in on each other to reduce the amount of light

question

Pentaprism

answer

Light passes through the lens and onto a mirror, which is located between the lens and the shutter. The mirror reflects the light upward to this five sided mirror.

question

SLR Camera

answer

Camera that has a semiautomatic movement of the mirror, which produces an exact image in the viewfinder

question

Large and Medium format cameras

answer

Cameras use a negative film size that is greater than the usual 35mm.

question

Pinhole Camera

answer

One of the earliest cameras made. Do

question

Digital Cameras

answer

Cameras that use an electronic image sensor to digitally record an image

question

Pixel

answer

The smallest unit of the picture that can be controlled

question

JPEG

answer

joint Photo Experts Group which is the default file format in many digital cameras on the market today

question

TIFF

answer

The Tagged image File Format, a lossless file format that keeps all of the information in the picture, but it means a much larger file size than a compressed file

question

RAW or NEF

answer

A file format that is offered on some cameras, particularly higher-end cameras. This file saves the actual data, which are not processed by the camera

question

Optical Zoom

answer

Works like a telephoto lens; the image quality remains the same as the image is magnified

question

Digital Zoom

answer

Crops the image and enlarges the cropped image to fill the frame of the camera. This means that this generally results in a loss of quality in the image

question

White Balance

answer

Simply an adjustment that can be made to the color so that whites will appear white in the photograph, and not yellow or blue.

question

False

answer

Pinhole Cameras use a conflex lens True or False

question

A shutter

answer

What opens between the lens and the film in order to create the photograph

question

True

answer

True or False: a lens can simply be a curved piece of glass

question

True

answer

true or False: Digital Cameras use an electronic image sensor to digitally record an image

question

False

answer

true or false: TIFF is the default file format for most digital cameras

question

Light

answer

Film is sensitive to what?

question

False

answer

True or false: Digital zoom tends to have no effect on the quality of the image

question

Focal Length

answer

The magnification of a lens is also known as which of the following: Focal Length Aperture Digital Zoom Shutter Speed

question

False

answer

True or false: Generally, each pixel in an image creates 25 bytes of data

question

False

answer

True or False: A camera in manual mode means that the camera will make all of the adjustments for the photographer

question

True

answer

True or False: In a pinhole camera, the image seen in the camera will be inverted

question

JPEG

answer

Which popular file format loses some of the information from the image

question

True

answer

True or False: The white balance of an image can be affected by the particular lighting at the photograph site

question

Iris Diaphragm

answer

Aperture is controlled by what in the camera? Iris Diaphragm Lans White Balance Pentaprism

question

True

answer

True or False: An Iris Diaphragm is a set of overlapping metal plates that can expand out to allow more light to fold in on each other to reduce the amount of light

question

John Herschel

answer

A well-known English astronomer who first used the term photography in 1839. Also used terms Positive, negative and snapshot in relation to photography

question

Joseph Niepce

answer

French inventor who produced the first photograph in the 1820s. used a pewter plate and a substance known as bitumen of Judea

question

Louis Daguerre

answer

Partnership with Niepce. Used Niepce's notes to invent a process called daguerreotype in 1839. The french government bought the rights for the process

question

Calotype

answer

Technique for taking photographs invented in 1841 by William Henry Fox Talbot. Used paper coated with silver iodine

question

Collodion Process

answer

Technique for creating photographs invented by Fredrick Scott Archer in 1851. Used wet plates, which were glass plates that had been covered with a mixture of chemicals before being places in the camera for the exposure

question

Sergei Levitsky

answer

Russian count who designed a bellows camera in 1847 that made focusing on the subject easier

question

Richard Maddox

answer

in 1871 he developed a way to use gelatin instead of glass for the negatives. This allowed photographers to develop a dry plate technique rather that the wet plates of the collodion process

question

George Eastman

answer

Created a dry gel on paper, or what we think of as film in 1884

question

Kodak Brownie

answer

Cameras introduced in 1900-1901. Made cameras available to mass market. Became very popular because they were simple to use and relatively inexpensive

question

Oskar Barnack

answer

Invented the 35mm film. First prototype in 1913 called the Ur-Leica. Remained too expensive for most people until the 1930s

question

James Clerck Maxwell

answer

Used filters to create three monochrome images (one photograph in red, blue, and green). When projected together with three different lanterns, the image would return to a more natural color

question

Autochrome Lumiere

answer

One of the color processes patented in 1903 by French brothers Auguste and Louis Lumiere. Involved coating a glass with microscopic grains that had been dyed colors like green, violet, and orange

question

Kodachrome

answer

In 1935 Kodak began to produce this color still film that used a subtractive process

question

Kodak DCS 100

answer

The first commercially available digital camera which entered the market in 1990. The images could be downloaded from the camera to a computer

question

Commercial Photography

answer

Any photography in which the photographer is paid for images that were not produces as works of art

question

Royalty-free images

answer

images that the user pays a one-time fee for the image, Under this license, users can use the image for as long as they like after they pay the license fee.

question

Rights-managed images

answer

Images in which the price of the license is determined by the use of the image. Some of these considerations include how long the user will be using the image, the location that the image will be used in

question

Aperture

answer

Refers to the lens opening that allows us to control the amount of lights that reaches the film or digital sensor

question

f-stops

answer

What aperture in measured in. Typically expressed as f/number, such as f/2.8

question

Depth of Field

answer

Refers to the amount of your pictures that will be in focus. A large one means that most of your picture will be in focus, including both the objects closeThe amount to your camera and those further away from your camera

question

Shutter Speed

answer

The amount of time that the shutter remains open or the amount of time that the digital sensor \"sees\" the image

question

Manual Mode

answer

Mode in which the photographer makes all of the decisions about the aperture, shutter speed, white balance, ISO, and so on

question

automatic Mode

answer

Means that your camera selects the aperture, shutter speed, white balance, and so on

question

Portrait Mode

answer

Your camera will automatically use a large aperture. This will make the background slightly out of focus, putting the emphasis on the person you are photographing

question

Sports Mode

answer

Your camera will automatically choose a faster shutter speed. Specifically designed to capture moving objects and keep them in focus.

question

Landscape Mode

answer

Uses a small aperture to keep the photograph as in focus as possible. This means that even items further away will often be in focus

question

Macro mode

answer

Allows you to get closer to your subject. Your distance to the object will depend on your particular camera's abilities; some cameras will allow you to get closer to the subject than others

question

Night Mode

answer

Makes taking pictures in low light situations easier. This mode uses a longer shutter speed to capture the image and uses a flash to light up items closer to the camera

question

Shutter priority Mode

answer

Represented by an \"S\" or \"TV\" on the camera settings. This mode allows the photographer to set the shutter speed, while that camera will adjust to other aspects (like aperture, white balance, and so on) in relation to the shutter speed setting

question

Aperture priority mode

answer

Semiautomatic mode. Instead of the photographer setting the shutter speed, the photographer selects the particular aperture for the photograph. The camera will the make the necessary adjustments to the shutter speed, white balance, and so on.

question

composition

answer

The visual arrangement or placement of the elements in a photograph. While some great photographs may happen accidentally, more often they are carefully planned and thought out.

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Rule of Thirds

answer

One of the best known composition guidelines that involves imagining that your photograph is split into thirds both horizontally and vertically. this produces nine squares in the photo and four points of intersection within the photograph. The grid helps identify four good places to position points of interest.

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Framing

answer

Involves blocking some elements within the photograph in order to show off other elements

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Active Space

answer

Technique when you have movement or when the subject is looking off into space

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Frontlighting

answer

One of the common terms used to identify the direction of the light on the subject. Occurs when the sun is in the back of the photographer

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Backlighting

answer

Occurs when the light source is behind the subject. This can be used to create a silhouette effect.

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Sidelighting

answer

Happens when the light source is at an angle to the subject. This can create some interesting shadows and effects in the photograph, and the technique is often used in black and white photography

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Existing Light Photography

answer

Photography that only uses light already present in the scene. this can include light from the sun, lamps, candles, or neon lights

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Continuous Source lights

answer

Artificial lights that remain on. Including lamps, fluorescent lights, and other lights that remain constantly on.

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Flash Lights

answer

second main type of studio lights that only emit light when you tell them to. also known as strobe lighting

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Softboxes

answer

Lighting devices that enclose the lighting source in a \"box\" with reflective back and side walls and a front diffusing material, where the light passes through

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Reflector

answer

Any object that reflects light back toward the subject of your photograph

question

filter

answer

camera accessory that is mounted on the optical path of the lens. May correct color, protect the lens, or add special effects to the photograph, such as reducing or increasing contrast

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Polarizing Filters

answer

Improve the saturation in the photograph (makes the colors deeper) and reduce the amount of reflected light that hits the camera's sensor

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UV/ Haze filters

answer

Can add extra protection for the camera lens. UV stands for \"ultraviolet\" or the light that is invisible to the human eye. Used to cut down on the haze that could appear in photographs of mountains or coasts

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Neutral Density filters

answer

help change the exposure time for a photograph. Specifically, they decrease the amount of light that enters the camera, allowing for a larger aperture for a longer period of time.

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Macro filters

answer

Used to create close-uo images, even with regular or telephoto lenses. They are almost like another lens that you put on the camera to be able to focus at closer distances.

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Color filters

answer

Sometimes used to enhance certain colors in the photograph. The filter creates deeper, brighter colors. Some of these filters help to compensate for different types of light that might alter the color of the photograph

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Tonal Contrast

answer

The difference between the highlights and dark tones

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Shape

answer

Refers to the two-dimensional representation of an object

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Form

answer

An object's appearance in three dimensions

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Panoramic Photography

answer

Also known as wide format photography, consists of photographs with a longer field of view than traditional photographs

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Portraits

answer

Pictures of individuals in which their face and expression are the primary focus

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Representational landscape photographs

answer

Photographs of landscapes as they appear in reality. Types of photographs that show mountains, rivers, waterfalls, beaches, and so on as they appear to the photographers when they take the picture.

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Impressionistic landscape photographs

answer

Show an impression of the scene rather than an exact representation of the scene. The results are photographs that are more subtle and less \"real\" than representational landscapes

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Abstract landscape photographs

answer

Emphasize shape, form, contrast, or color in such a way that the scene itself is not recognizable. The photographs are not meant to convey a particular scene, but to focus on particular elements within it

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Macro photography

answer

close-up photography, involves projecting an image on the digital sensor (or film) that is as close to real sized as possible. Involves taking close-up pictures of small things

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Panning

answer

A technique where you pan, or move, the camera in the same direction as the movement of the person or object you are photographing

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Documentary photographs

answer

Created to produce a historical record of an event, place, or person. The purpose of the photographs is not to produce artistic work, although some are incredibly moving and fascinating photographs

question

Berenice Abbot

answer

(1898-1991) Best known for their black and white photography of NYC architecture.

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Ansel Adams

answer

(1902-1984) Best known for their black and white national park photographs.

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Robert Adams

answer

(1937-Alive) Focused on the changing landscape of the American West.

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Eugene Atget

answer

(1857-1927) A pioneer of documentary photography, noted for their determination to document all of the architecture and street scenes of Paris before their disappearance.

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Matthew Brady

answer

(1822-1896) One of the first American photographers, documented the civil war and had many portraits of famous people of the time.

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Bill Brandt

answer

(1904-1983) One of the most important British photographers, known for his images of British society, distorted nudes, portraits, and landscapes.

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Brassai

answer

(1899-1984) Captured the beauty of Paris in between the World Wars, many images implemented fog.

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Harry Callahan

answer

(1912-1999) An innovator of street photography, used their spouse and daughter in many of their streetscapes and landscapes.

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Henri-Cartier Bresson

answer

(1908-2004) A master of candid photography and largely considered the founder of street photography.

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Imogen Cunningham

answer

(1883-1976) Known for botanical photography, nudes, and industrial landscapes. Took very sharp photos and was a member of f/64.

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Robert Doisneu

answer

(1912-1994) Pioneer of photojournalism, took pictures of juxtaposing social classes in the streets of Paris.

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William Eggleston

answer

(1939-Alive) Legitimized color photography as an artistic medium.

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Walker Evans

answer

(1903-1975) An American photographer known for his work for the Farm Security Agency documenting the effects of the Great Depression. Influenced others to show what was really happening in the world.

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Lewis Hine

answer

(1874-1940) A sociologist and photographer who used their camera as a tool for social reform. Their photographs were instrumental in changing child labor laws.

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Dorothea Lange

answer

(1895-1965) A documentary photographer known for her work for the Farm Security Agency documenting the effects of the great depression.

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Marvin Newman

answer

(1927-Alive) Known for editorial and sports photography.

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Gordon Parks

answer

(1912-2006) Known for the photograph \"American Gothic\" and for his photo essays in life magazine.

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W Eugene Smith

answer

(1918-1978) Developed the photo essay and is famous for war photos.

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Aaron Siskind

answer

(1903-1991) Part of the abstract movement, legitimized photography as an art form.

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Alfred Stieglitz

answer

(1864-1946) An American photographer who was instrumental in making photography an accepted art form.

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Paul Strand

answer

(1890-1976) Helped to make photography an accepted art form with Alfred Stieglitz.

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Edward Weston

answer

(1886-1958) Took photos exactly as the scene was observed.

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Stephen Shore

answer

(1947-Alive) A pioneer of the use of color photography, many banal scenes.

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William Henry Jackson

answer

(1843-1942) Sent by the government to photograph the West.

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1902

answer

In this year Alfred Stieglitz organized the show \"Photo-Sessionist\".

question

1990

answer

Adobe Photoshop 1.0 is released this year.

question

1931

answer

Strobe photography is developed at MIT this year.

question

2003

answer

The Canon digital rebel is introduced as a DSLR camera priced under $1000 this year. This makes the DSLR camera affordable to the masses

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1880

answer

The first half-tone photograph appears in a newspaper this year. The newspaper is called the the New York Graphic.

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1963

answer

The first instant color film is sold by Polaroid this year.

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1855

answer

Tintypes and ambrotypes become popular in the US this year.

question

2001

answer

Polaroid goes bankrupt this year.

question

1878

answer

The dry plate is commercially produced this year.

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1834

answer

The first permanent negative image process is developed by Henry Fox Talbot in this year.

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1973

answer

The C-41 color process is introduced this year. It is still used today.

question

1889

answer

The first Kodak camera that used film is produced this year.

question

2004

answer

Kodak stops the production of the 35mm film format this year.

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1932

answer

Group f64 is formed by Ansel Adams, Imogen Cunningham, Willard Van Dyke, and Edward Weston this year.

question

2005

answer

The Canon EOS 5D camera with full frame a 24mm x 36mm cmos sensor is introduced this year. This is the first full frame DSLR camera for under $3000.

question

1991

answer

The first digital SLR camera is introduced this year; it is the Kodak DCS-100. It is a modified Nikon F3.

question

2000

answer

The camera phone is introduced in Japan by Sharp this year.

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1983

answer

The disk camera is introduced by Kodak in this year.

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1837

answer

The daguerreotype process is invented by Louis Daguerre in this year.

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1998

answer

The first autofocus SLR camera is marketed by Minolta in this year.

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1975

answer

The first working digital camera is developed at Kodak using CCD technology in this year.

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1871

answer

The dry plate process is proposed by Richard Leach Maddox in this year. His process uses an emulsion of gelatin and silver bromide.

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1907

answer

The first commercial color film is produced in France this year. It is manufactured by the Lumiere brothers.

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1544

answer

The German mathematician and physicist Gemma Frisius used the pinhole camera to study the eclipse of the sun in this year.

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1936

answer

Kodachrome film is developed this year. It is the first multi-layered color film.

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5th century BC

answer

One of the earliest recorded accounts of the camera obscura is written by the Chinese philosopher Mo Ti.

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1924

answer

The first high quality 35mm film camera is marketed by \"Leica\" in this year.

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1861

answer

The American Civil War began to be photographed by Matthew Brady and his staff this year. This coverage brings the graphic reality of war to people far removed from the battles.

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1970

answer

The 110 format camera is introduced by Kodak this year.

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1485

answer

Leonardo da Vinci provides the first detailed description of the workings of the pinhole camera in the manuscript Codex Atlanticus in this year.

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1826

answer

The first permanent image is created by Nicephore Niecpe in this year.

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1948

answer

The first instant black-and-white film is sold by Polaroid in this year.

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1917

answer

Nippon Kogaku is established in Tokyo, Japan in this year. The company will later become Nikon.

question

1999

answer

Nikon introduces the first DSLR camera that is produced as a digital camera not a modified film camera in this year. It is called the D1SLR with 2.74 megapixels and a selling price of $6,000.

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1727

answer

The first photosensitive compound is created by mixing chalk, nitric acid, and silver in this year. The compound is created by professor J. Shulze.

question

1870

answer

U.S. Congress sends photographers to the West this year. Tim O'Sullivan and William Jackson are the best-known photographers involved with the project.

question

Berenice Abbott

answer

_______ photographed shops.

question

Robert Adams

answer

________ photographed the impact of man on the environment.

question

Eugene Atget

answer

______ photographed Paris in its early twentieth-century glory.

question

Bill Brandt

answer

______ photographed the social classes of London.

question

Harry Callahan

answer

______ used his wife in cityscapes.

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Ansel Adams

answer

______ was a photographer of Yosemite.

question

Marvin Newman

answer

______ was a sports photographer.

question

Lewis Hine

answer

_____ photographed immigrants at Ellis Island.

question

William Eggleston

answer

_____ was the first to have a color print in the Museum of Modern art.

question

Dorothea Lange

answer

_____ photographed the human suffering of the Great Depression.

question

Canon

answer

The first digital SLR camera under $1000 was introduced in 2003 by _______.

question

Contrast

answer

The difference between the darkest values and the lightest values in a photograph is called _____.

question

Louis Daguerre

answer

In 1927 the daguerreotype process was introduced by _____.

question

William Jackson

answer

The US congress sent photographers to the West. One of the most famous was _____.

question

1990

answer

Adobe Photoshop was released this year.

question

Eugene Atget

answer

This French photographer photographed Paris buildings and the street life of Paris in the late 1800's. He never photographed the Eiffel Tower.

question

CMOS/CCD

answer

A type of image sensor used in digital cameras today.

question

USB

answer

The wiring used to quickly transfer digital data between devices is called_____.

question

aperture

answer

Which part on the camera controls depth of field?

question

viewfinder

answer

Which part of the camera do you use to compose and focus an image?

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single lens reflex camera

answer

This camera is known for its wide variety of changeable lenses and its through the lens metering and viewing.

question

rangefinder camera

answer

This camera uses a viewing and focusing aid known as a rangefinder and has a quit shutter action.

question

view camera

answer

This camera creates a very high-quality, single, large-format negative on sheet film.

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point and shoot camera

answer

This camera is easy to operate and has no additional equipment available.

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twin lens reflex camera

answer

This camera creates a medium format negative and uses one lens to view the subject and another to expose the film.

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pinhole camera

answer

simple camera with a black box, shutter, and hole

question

DSLR camera

answer

a digital camera that has interchangeable lenses

question

twin-lens reflex

answer

a camera with two lenses

question

point and shoot

answer

a simple digital camera with a fixed lens

question

view camera

answer

a camera that uses large sheets of film

question

fish eye

answer

a lens that has a focal length under 20mm is known as a _____ lens

question

lens

answer

Which part on the camera collects light and creates the angle of view

question

camera body

answer

What is another word used to describe the light tight box part of the camera

question

Balance

answer

_____ is created by visual weights in an image.

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emphasis

answer

When the viewer's attention is drawn to a certain part of a picture there is an _______.

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proportion

answer

Larger objects appearing close and small objects appearing far is an example of _____.

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rythym

answer

_____ directs the viewer's eye across similar, repeated elements.

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unity

answer

When all parts of a photograph are in visual agreement to the whole, it creates a sense of _____.

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variety

answer

______ is said to be the spice of life.

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pattern

answer

Related to texture, _____ is made by repetition of a design or element with a higher degree of regularity.

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color

answer

The mood or feeling of a picture is set by the _____ in the picture.

question

form

answer

Objects in a picture that have three dimensions are used as _____.

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line

answer

A shape that is much longer than it is wide is called a _____.

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shape

answer

A perceived area of like value or color is called a _____.

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space

answer

How the area in a picture is divided is known as _____.

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texture

answer

The implied _____ in a photograph is determined by the value , or lights and darks, of certain shapes.

question

Value

answer

_____ is the artistic term for lights and darks.

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True

answer

An example is an example of a line. True/False

question

CCD

answer

The tones of a scene are changed into numbers by the ____.

question

2500

answer

If your camera is set for 10 megapixels and you have an 8gb card, how many JPEG pictures can you expect to take?

question

True

answer

The purpose of a UV or haze filter is to filter out unwanted ultraviolet light.

question

False

answer

After opening a version set for viewing you must close it before you begin to work on another image or exit the program. True/False

question

True

answer

The shadow/highlight adjustment is better than the brightness adjustment slider to improve brightness because it allows you to control parts of the picture instead of the whole picture. True/False

question

False

answer

The first step in editing an image should be cropping. True/False

question

False

answer

The marquee tool can be used to do free hand selections of an area in a picture. True/False

question

False

answer

Auto contrast is the best way to make adjustments to the contrast in a picture. True/False

question

True

answer

The levels adjustment should be the first step in the editing process. True/False

question

False

answer

The clone stamp tool is a great tool for fixing flaws in a photograph. True/False

question

True

answer

In the format window you must make sure it says \"JPEG (*JPEG.*JPEG.*JPE).\" True/False

question

False

answer

When you want to save a picture after editing, you should always use the \"Save As\" function in the \"File\" dropdown menu. True/False

question

Joseph N. Niepce Louis Daguerre William Henry Fox Talbot

answer

Fathers of photography. Slow shutters are why Abe Lincoln didn't smile. Niepce got credit. Daguerre got $$$. Talbot got nothing. Called photography pencil of nature.

question

Julia Margeret Cameron

answer

Took up photography at 48. Thought up \"soft focus\". One of first famous women. Stole orphans for photos.

question

Edweard Muybridge

answer

The father of motion. Invented zoopraxiscope. Murdered his wife's lover.

question

George Eastman

answer

Founded Kodak. Brought photography to masses. Committed suicide.

question

Stieglitz and Steichen

answer

Responsible for making photography art.

question

Henry Cartier Bresson

answer

Coined \"decisive moment\"

question

Edward Weston

answer

He was a cheater, obsessed with curves, women, and peppers.

question

Margeret Bourke White

answer

1st woman to photograph war, Life magazine, and allowed in Soviet Union.

question

Ansel Adams

answer

Best 20th century photographer. Was a custodian. Dropped out 8th grade. Invented zone system. Super sharp.

question

Robert Capa

answer

AKA Endre Friedman. Capture 1st death on film. Stepped on a land mine. Girlfriend killed by tank. \"If not good enough, not close enough\"

question

Richard Avedon

answer

Brought motion to fashion. Captured the Bee Keeper

question

Harold Edgerton

answer

Called \"Papa Flash\". Inventor of flash. Captured \"Bullet through Apple\"

question

Alfred Eisenstaedt

answer

Captured \"VJ day\" most famous picture ever.

question

Dorothea Lange

answer

Took \"Migrant Mother\" during the Great Depression. 2nd most famous picture.

question

Diane Arbus

answer

Photographed freaks. Suicide note \"Last Supper\"

question

Irving Penn

answer

Anything can be art. Conquered fashion.

question

John Rawlings

answer

Worked with Irving Penn. 68 covers on Vogue magazine.

question

William Wegman

answer

Photographed the dogs, weimaraners

question

Annie Leibovitz

answer

Most famous 21st century photographer. Photographs celebrities.

question

Scott Mutter

answer

Surrational images. Did not use photoshop.

question

Jerry Uelsmann

answer

Did not use photoshop. Featured in TV shows. Did new things in Dark Room

question

Neil Leifer

answer

Started at 16. Snuck into sports. Photographed Muhammad Ali. Sports illustrated.

question

Anne Geddes

answer

Baby freak. Babies babies.

question

Nigel Barker

answer

Photographed fashion and models. Filled up studio with water. Studio called \"studio NB\"

question

Sam Abel and Steve McCurry

answer

national geographic photographers

question

Rosie Hardy

answer

Had photo cover for Maroon 5. Started for better selfies.

question

Ben Heine

answer

Famous for Pencil Vs. Camera. Uses photoshop.

question

Take photographs of events and settings of social issues. May be employed by newspapers, television stations, or magazines. Photograph news such as accidents, elections and protests

answer

Photojournalists

question

Take photos of models, buildings, products, equipment, landscapes, and many other subjects for use by companies and businesses

answer

Commercial Photographers

question

Take photos that are sold as art at a gallery, museum, art fair or in books

answer

Fine Art Photographers

question

Work in criminal justice settings to help record crime scenes and evidence. Can also be responsible for presenting their work in court cases

answer

Forensic Photographers

question

Use photographs to capture and record medical and scientific information.

answer

Scientific Photographers

question

The right to copy a photograph. An important legal concept because without it, people would be free to use any photograph that you take without paying you any money for its use

answer

Copyright

question

adopted into law in the united states in 1989, automatically transfers the copyright to the photographer or producer of the work, even if the symbol is not present

answer

The Berne Convention

question

Permits the copying of a work in certain circumstances, generally private, educational, research, or editorial use

answer

Fair Use

question

Most well-known photographer in North America. Best known for his black and white photographs of the western United States, particularly national parks

answer

Ansel Adams

question

Ansel Adams, MH de Young Museum, and Imogen Cunningham formed this group committed to \"straight\" photography rather than artistic renditions of a scene

answer

Group f/64

question

Way of adjusting the exposure in a photograph to make the most of the shadows and highlights

answer

The Zone System

question

Influential photographer from the early twentieth century. His photographs were among the most expensive ever sold. Often emphasized the beauty of natural form, whether it was a seashell or a vegetable

answer

Edward Weston

question

Remembered for her images of the Southern poor and those starting over in the West. Sought to photograph the hard times of the Depression era and reveal the social difficulties that individuals and families faced

answer

Dorothea Lange

question

Father of photojournalism. famous for his candid photographs. Captured spontaneous moments, forever recording these moments

answer

Alfred Eisentaedt

question

She has taken portraits of everyone from John Lennon (taken on the day he was killed) and Queen Elizabeth II to Michael Jackson and Bill Gates

answer

Annie Leibovitz

question

One of the first steps in critiquing a photograph is to do what?

answer

Determine the purpose of the photograph

question

Annie Leibovitz is known for her photographs in which area

answer

Portraits

question

True or False: You should never consider photo editing in a critique

answer

False

question

True or False: Eisenstaedt's work illustrates the need for photographers to be ready for those perfect spontaneous moments that create great photographs

answer

True

question

True or False: Edward Weston had a beach named after him

answer

True

question

Allow a photographer to edit or manipulate photographs that were taken by a digital camera

answer

Photo editing software programs

question

Considered the industry standard for image editing for many years. Most popular software for professionals

answer

Adobe Photoshop

question

Another of Adobe's photo editing software options, was created to help professionals manage and speed up the processing of RAW photographs

answer

Lightroom

question

Software program similar to Adobe's Lightroom in both operations and cost. Designed to handle RAW image file. Ability to work in layers

answer

Lightzone

question

Another popular image editing software program on the market by Corel. Less expensive that Adobe Photoshop.

answer

PaintShop Pro

question

Offers another low cost alternative to Photoshop, Although the software lacks some of the higher-end features its often prices below $100

answer

PhotoPlus

question

Free open source editing program that is often compared to Photoshop, free but doesn't have all the features of Photoshop

answer

GIMP

question

Process of resizing an image, making it either smaller or larger in size

answer

Image Scaling

question

Another tool that many people are familiar with since it appears in most image editing software programs.Create a new image by selecting a particular portion of the original photograph

answer

Cropping

question

A feature in some software programs that separates various elements of an image. Can be thought of as transparency or overlay that is placed over the top of an image to change the image in some way.

answer

Layers

question

Reduces speckling, dust particles, scratches, and minute light disturbances in the image

answer

Noise Reduction

question

Feature help photographers make all lines vertical that are vertical in reality

answer

Perspective Control

question

True or False: Computer monitors are very reliable at representing the colors of the photograph

answer

False

question

True or False: Filters can add texture or pattern to a photograph

answer

True

question

What tool can be used to eliminate an unwanted object in a photograph

answer

Cloning

question

True or False: Photo Editing can transform any image into a great photograph

answer

False

question

What file format is best for photo editing?

answer

RAW

question

True or False: A lasso is a tool used to select part of an image

answer

True

question

Light tight areas where photography processing takes place. Light cannot enter the space when photography processing is going on or the images on the film would be ruined

answer

Darkrooms

question

1720s, German scientist, discovered that exposing silver nitrate to light made it turn purple. The areas that he exposed to light changed, while the areas that were not exposed to light remained the same

answer

Johann Heinrich Schulze

question

Involves creating a print of all of your negatives or one strip of your negatives onto a sheet of photography paper, allowing you to see what the photograph looks like

answer

Contact Print

question

What piece of equipment is used to expose a piece of photography paper to light through the negative

answer

Enlarger

question

When film is taken out of the canister, what is the next step in the developing process?

answer

Putting the film on a reel

question

Color film always has at least how many layers of light sensitive material?

answer

3

question

Three-sided boxes, with a top and a bottom, leaving one side open. The inside is often a uniform white color that will reflect the light and help reduce harsh shadows on the product

answer

Light Tents

question

Stock Agencies are often concerned about what?

answer

Noise

question

Who is often credited with displaying the first fine art photographs?

answer

John Edwin Mayall

question

True or False: Light boxes and tents are typically used for fine are photography

answer

False

question

True or False: Its best to position a product directly next to the background to eliminate glare

answer

False

question

Macro photography should be done in color, not in black and white as this hides detail.

answer

False

question

Adults' hands can be photographed engaging in a favorite activity or holding hands with someone.

answer

True

question

The amount of magnification gained from the extension tube depends on the focal length of the lens.

answer

True

question

Lighting becomes less important with macro photography since you are so close to the subject.

answer

False

question

Many amateur photographers use a macro lens.

answer

False

question

Only pretty objects should be used in macro photography.

answer

False

question

You can create a backdrop for a macro flower photograph with a piece of paper.

answer

True

question

What is the magnification on a true macro lens?

answer

1:1

question

What is a disadvantage of using a macro filter?

answer

It can degrade the quality of the image.

question

In extreme close-up photographs what background works best?

answer

Blurred background

question

What is true of extension tubes?

answer

They are hollow.

question

Which of the following is true of macro photography with people?

answer

People are not good subjects for macro photography.

question

Macro photography often involves what type of depth of field?

answer

Shallow

question

Close-up photography is another word for what?

answer

Macro photography

question

What lighting direction can make a flower's petals almost glow?

answer

Backlighting

question

It is very difficult to enter the field of photography as a career.

answer

False

question

Many professional photographers take business courses or training to help them run their businesses.

answer

True

question

The need for photographers is decreasing in the United States.

answer

True

question

Photojournalists may be employed by newspapers and magazines.

answer

True

question

Many photographers work non-traditional hours, such as weekends.

answer

True

question

Professional photography is a competitive job field.

answer

True

question

A college degree is required for professional photographers.

answer

False

question

Photographers who own studios are responsible for what costs?

answer

All of the above

question

A scientific photographer concentrates on which subject?

answer

Disease

question

What is the educational path for professional photographers?

answer

There is no uniform educational or training path or requirements

question

A commercial photographer concentrates on which subject?

answer

Fashion

question

What do professional photographers who own their own business have to do to be successful?

answer

All of the above

question

What is the first step in becoming a professional photographer?

answer

Having a passion and interest for photography

question

Forensic photographers photograph which of the following?

answer

Crime scenes

question

Some buildings are also copyrighted, so it's a good idea to check if you plan to license a photograph with a famous building in it.

answer

True

question

A model release can be either oral or written down.

answer

False

question

A model release is a document that spells out under which conditions a photographer may use a photograph of someone.

answer

True

question

Commercial use is typically defined as the use of an image for advertising purposes.

answer

True

question

It is always legal to license or sell a photograph with a person in it.

answer

False

question

Photographers may photograph into someone's house as long as they are standing in the street.

answer

False

question

What a photograph will be used for impacts its legal and ethical position.

answer

True

question

Which word describes a photograph that is considered for editorial use?

answer

Newsworthy

question

The copyright symbol looks like which of the following?

answer

©

question

What permits the copying of a photograph in certain circumstances?

answer

Fair use

question

Where might photography be banned?

answer

Military bases

question

Which convention automatically transfers copyright to the producer of a work of art?

answer

The Berne Convention

question

Which amendment in the United States protects the freedom of speech?

answer

First Amendment

question

When do you need a model release?

answer

The person is recognizable in the photograph, and you want to be able to license the photograph for commercial use.

question

The idea of copyright dates back to when and where?

answer

1500s and Great Britain

question

In 1941, Alfred Eisenstaedt worked for the War Relocation Authority to document the forced evacuation of Japanese-Americans on the West Coast to relocation camps.

answer

False

question

Edward Weston had a beach named after him.

answer

True

question

Eisenstaedt's work illustrates the need for photographers to be ready for those perfect spontaneous moments that create great photographs.

answer

True

question

Weston's \"Print of the Month\" club brought him financial stability.

answer

True

question

Ansel Adams is best known for his black and white photographs of national parks.

answer

True

question

The government celebrated Lange's documentation of the relocation process in Japanese American camps.

answer

False

question

Dorothea Lange helped to co-found the photography magazine Aperture.

answer

True

question

Annie Liebovitz is known for her photographs in which area?

answer

Portraits

question

Which photographer was known for his/her work as an environmentalist?

answer

Ansel Adams

question

What group did Ansel Adams and Edward Weston help to found?

answer

Group f/64

question

Which photographer produced iconic images of the Great Depression?

answer

Dorothea Lange

question

Which photographer was born in Germany?

answer

Alfred Eisenstaedt

question

Annie Leibovitz worked at which publication?

answer

Rolling Stone

question

Which of the following celebrities have been photographed by Annie Leibovitz?

answer

All of the above

question

Which photographer had a \"Print of the Month\" club?

answer

Edward Weston

question

Which tool or feature is a sort of transparency or overlay that is placed over the top of an image to change that image in some way?

answer

Layers

question

Which filter would you use to take a close-up of a flower?

answer

Marco

question

Which is the best image editing software program?

answer

Whichever program works best for the individual photographer's needs and preferences

question

The ND of the ND filter stands for which of the following?

answer

Neutral density

question

What should you do when taking a black and white photograph?

answer

Look for active skies.

question

Which of the following photo editing software programs is free?

answer

GNU Image Manipulation Program

question

When doing black and white photography, which file format should you use if possible?

answer

RAW

question

Why would photographers want to process their film in the darkroom?

answer

It gives the photographer greater control over the print.

question

Which of the following was a famous photographer who specialized in black and white photographs?

answer

Ansel Adams

question

What is the difference between light and dark called?

answer

Contrast

question

Photo editing can transform any image into a great photograph.

answer

False

question

Light can make or break a black and white photograph.

answer

True

question

Digital cameras are less susceptible to UV light.

answer

True

question

A filter is a camera accessory that is mounted on the optical path of the lens.

answer

True

question

The first flexible photographic film was developed by Kodak Eastman in the 1960s.

answer

False

question

Filters can only be used on film cameras.

answer

False

question

Images are immediately visible to the naked eye on film once they have been taken by a camera.

answer

False

question

Darkrooms require very little training to use or stay safe in.

answer

False

question

Macro filters are used to add saturated colors to landscape photographs.

answer

False

question

GIMP does not have a traditional support department or customer service.

answer

True

question

Tonal contrast is the difference between highlights and dark tones.

answer

True

question

To develop a print, you'll need ten trays of chemicals.

answer

False

question

Professional photographers often use the lowest quality settings on their cameras since this can be reversed in Photoshop.

answer

False

question

While developing a print, it is important to gently agitate the trays.

answer

True

question

Many of the changes added by filters can be duplicated by photo editing software.

answer

True

question

Stock agencies are often concerned about what?

answer

Noise

question

Early displayed photographs often had what characteristic?

answer

They were mounted on plywood without frames.

question

Noise is the presence of what in a photograph?

answer

Color specks

question

Where is the photographer's signature generally located?

answer

In the lower right-hand side below the photograph.

question

Who is often credited with displaying the first fine art photographs?

answer

John Jabez Edwin Mayall

question

For product photography, which background is often preferred?

answer

White

question

A product photograph is mostly likely to be used in which of the following situations?

answer

With a stock agency

question

Many stock photographs are meant to convey what?

answer

A particular concept

question

Stock photographers typically use which file format for their images?

answer

RAW

question

What can cause noise?

answer

All of the above

question

Whereas traditional stock agencies showcase the work of professional photographers, anyone can submit to microstock agencies, provided that the images meet the criteria that the microstock agency has set up.

answer

True

question

It is best to position a product directly next to the background to eliminate glare.

answer

False

question

Fine art photography overlaps with a number of other areas of photography.

answer

True

question

When displaying photographs in a gallery, museum, or other location, photographers should check with the location itself about any presentation guidelines.

answer

True

question

In addition to, or in place of, a front signature, many photographers sign and date the back of a photograph.

answer

True

question

The presentation of a photograph does not really add or detract from the photograph and should not be a concern for photographers.

answer

False

question

Model releases are needed for stock images when a person is recognizable in them.

answer

True

question

Noise in a photograph can appear for different reasons, including using a high ISO, using a long exposure, or heat in the image generator itself.

answer

True

question

Light boxes and tents are typically used for fine art photography.

answer

False

question

When you are photographing a product, it is important for the product to be clean, defect-free, and in good condition.

answer

True

question

Fine Art and Commercial photography have little in common.

answer

False

question

Snapshots taken on vacations and during family outings are often popular stock images.

answer

False

question

The beginnings of fine art photography can be dated back to the Victorian era.

answer

True

question

When photographers wish to use a stock photograph, they generally pay a fee to license the image for a particular product, such as a brochure, for a particular amount of time.

answer

True

question

Few fine art photographs are sold today.

answer

False

question

Photojournalists may carry several different cameras and lenses to help them get different shots.

answer

True

question

Due to the internet, photojournalism is declining rapidly.

answer

False

question

Photojournalists help to record and provide proof of events such as genocide, massacres, and natural disasters.

answer

True

question

A telephoto lens is rarely used by photojournalists.

answer

False

question

Photojournalists should never introduce themselves to the people they are photographing.

answer

False

question

Law enforcement and emergency personnel always respond positively to photojournalists.

answer

False

question

Photojournalists typically earn the most out of all photography areas.

answer

False

question

Photojournalists often work in pressure-filled situations.

answer

True

question

There is usually little need to assess a situation before photographing.

answer

True

question

Photojournalists should always photograph the most emotionally loaded scene that they can find.

answer

False

question

Photojournalism plays an important role in the world today by documenting events and situations.

answer

True

question

Photojournalists should feel free to manipulate their images with photo editing software in order to tell the story, even if that means deleting or adding things.

answer

True

question

Photographers generally have unlimited access to sporting events.

answer

False

question

Whereas journalism records written information, photojournalism records visual information.

answer

True

question

As recorders of information, photojournalists need to be mindful of presenting the world as they see it, without manipulating the scene or telling half-truths through the visual image.

answer

True

question

Which of the following is a good tip for documentary photography?

answer

Shoot with your heart ?

question

What depth of field do you generally want in sports photography?

answer

Large

question

To introduce more drama to an image, a photographer might include which of the following?

answer

Action

question

Photojournalism helps to gather and record which of the following?

answer

Information

question

What responsibility does a photojournalist have?

answer

To record accurately

question

When panning, your camera should move in which direction?

answer

Parallel to the subject

question

What is one technique that can help a photojournalist capture a great candid photograph?

answer

Anticipate what might happen.

question

Documentary photographers strive to produce what type of image?

answer

True

question

What can help photojournalists get a close-up shot when they are positioned away from the scene they are shooting?

answer

Telephoto lens

question

To get a great sports photograph, you need to do what?

answer

Anticipate the action

question

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answer

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question

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answer

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