Fall 2013 General Chemistry Final Exam Review – Flashcards
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A chemical can be defined as
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any substance that has a definite composition
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An extensive property of matter is:
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volume
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An intensive property of matter is:
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density
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An intensive property of matter is:
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density
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The two most important properties of all matter are
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taking up space and having mass
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An atom is
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the smallest substance that cannot be broken down into simpler, stable substance
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A compound is
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a substance, made of two or more atoms that are chemically bonded, that can be broken down into simpler, stable substance.
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Physical changes include
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grinding, cutting, boiling
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Chemical changes include
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rusting, igniting, burning
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A chemical change occurs when
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a leaf changes color in the fall
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A physical change occurs when a
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glue gun melts a glue stick
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Noble gases are
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unreactive
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A state a matter with no definite shape and definite volume
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liquid
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A non uniform mixture is
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heterogeneous
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The vertical columns on the periodic table are called
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groups
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The horizontal columns on the periodic table are called
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periods
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Positive charged particle
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proton
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Nuclear particle with same mass as a proton but no charge is a
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neutron
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The nucleus is
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positively charged, very dense, and contains nearly all of the mass of the atom.
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Part of the atom that has a mass 1/2000 of the mass of the hydrogen atom is
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the electron
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Protons are attracted by
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the nuclear force
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An atom is electrically neutral because
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the numbers of protons and electrons are equal
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Most of the volume of the atom is occupied by
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electrons
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The charge due to the electrons of a neutral atom
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balances the charge on the nucleus
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The smallest unit of an element can exist is the
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atom
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Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have different
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masses
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The most common form of hydrogen has
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no neutrons
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The tritium atom consists of
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1 proton, 2 neutrons, 1 electron
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The mass number of deuterium is
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2
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How many isotopes of Hydrogen are there?
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3
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Protons + Neutrons is the
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mass number
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As the mass number of an elements isotopes of an element increases, the number of protons
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remains the SAME.
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All atoms of the same element have the same
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Atomic number
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Elements 90-103 are called the
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Actinids
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Elements 58-71 are called the
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Lanthanides
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Helium, Neon, Argon, Kryton, Xenon, and Radon are
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Noble gases
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What are shared in a covalent bond?
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electrons
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Nuclear forces exist because the particles in the nucleus are
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close together
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All isotopes of hydrogen contain
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1 proton
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The atomic number of Oxygen is 8 because it has
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8 protons
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As the atomic number increases the number of electrons in a NEUTRAL atom
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increases
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Atoms of the same element can differ in
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mass number
