to kill a mockingbird tkam final study guide – Flashcards
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What point of view is the story told in?
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The story is told in Jean's point of view.
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What is the name of the town where the novel is set?
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The name of the town where the novel is set is Called Maycomb County.
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The narrator goes by the nickname "Scout." What is her real name?
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Jean Finch
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What does the narrator's father do for a living?
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The narrator's father works as a lawyer for a living.
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What happened to Jem and Scout's mother?
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Jim and Scout's mother died from a sudden heart attack.
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Who is Calpurnia? How do the Finches treat her? Explain.
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Calpurnia is the famous cook and they all treat her well but Scout argues with her.
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Who is Dill? Who is Boo Radley? Explain the children's perception of Boo. Be specific.
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Boo Radley is the son of Mr. & Mrs. Radley.
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Who is Dill?
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Dill's real name is Charles Baker Harris and he was from Meridian, Mississippi spending the summer with his aunt, Rachel.
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What does Miss Caroline tell the narrator that she can no longer do with Atticus?
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Miss Caroline told the narrator that Atticus could not continue teaching Scout.
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What compromise does Atticus make with the narrator after hearing about this?
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The compromise Atticus makes with the narrator after hearing about this is "If you'll concede the necessity of going to school, we'll go on reading every night just as we always have."
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The Cunninghams are considered "poor but proud." What is meant by this?
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The Cunninghams were very poor but wouldn't accept charity.
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Why does Miss Caroline tell Burris Ewell to go home?
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Miss Caroline told Burris Ewell to go home because she wanted him to wash his hair.
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Miss Caroline, like the reader, is new to Maycomb. What lesson does she quickly learn from her students?
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Miss Caroline learns from her students that Walter is a Cunningham and that they are poor and can't afford a lunch, can't pay Miss Caroline back a quarter but they are proud.
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How is Calpurnia a good influence on Scout? How does she show it in Chapter 3?
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Calpurnia is a good influence on Scout because she helped Scout learn the alphabet and other things Scout needed to know for the 1st grade. Also Calpurnia is a good influence in chapter 3.
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Name two things the children find in the knothole of the oak tree.
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The children find two figures carved in soap to resemble Scout and Jem. The figures are followed in turn by chewing gum, a spelling bee medal, and an old pocket watch. The next day, Jem and Scout find that the knothole has been filled with cement.
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Describe the new game that the kids begin to play.
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The children act out legends they had heard about Boo and his family
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Name two reasons why Scout wants to stop playing this new game.
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She heard someone laughing inside the Radley house and Atticus didn't approve
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How does Miss Maudie feel about Arthur "Boo" Radley?
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Miss Maudie adds that Boo was always polite and friendly as a child. She says that most of the rumors about him are false, but that if he wasn't crazy as a boy, he probably is by now.
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How does Jem lose his trousers?
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Jem lost his trousers when they were trying to escape from Mr. Author Radley's house when they heard a shot fired from a shot gun.
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Why doesn't Scout want Jem to go back to retrieve his pants?
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Scout doesn't want Jem to go back and retrieve his pants because Mr. Author Radley is waiting for the next sound he hears in the patch, an' next time he won' aim high, be it dog, black person or----Jem Finch.
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When Jem sneaks out of the house to retrieve his pants, what does he find that puzzles him?
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When Jem sneaks out of the house to get his pants the thing that puzzles him is that his pants were sewed back together, folded and on Boo's fence waiting to be picked up.
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Why does Nathan Radley tell the children he sealed the knothole with cement? Do you believe him? Why or why not? Support your answer with a specific detail from the novel.
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When Jem asks Mr. Nathan Radley about the knothole the following day, Mr. Radley replies that he plugged the knothole with cement because the tree is dying. I don't believe him because Jem thinks on Atticus's statement and about who might be leaving the gifts.
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What happens in chapter 8 that rarely happens in Alabama?
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In chapter 8 the rare occasion that occurred in Alabama was that they had a real winter.
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In chapter 8, why does Atticus drag the children out of bed in the middle of the night?
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Atticus wakes up and drags the children out of bed in the middle of the night because Miss Maudie's house is on fire
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Who drapes the blanket around the narrator?
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The person who draped the blanket around the narrator is Boo Radley.
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Why does Scout beat up Cecil Jacobs?
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Cecil Jacobs called Atticus a Niger lover, and even though Scout difnt know what it meant, she thought it sounded offensive
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Who is Atticus' latest client? Why has Atticus decided to defend this man?
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Just as Atticus is standing by Tom to protect him, Jem wants to do the same for Atticus. While Atticus is not scared of the mob for his own sake, he is afraid that they'll hurt his kids.
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What does Scout do to cause Uncle Jack to reprimand her on Christmas?
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Scout calls Francis a "***** lady" because of Francis complaining about Atticus defending a black man in court.
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What does Uncle Jack learn from Scout?
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Scout taught Uncle Jack to hear both sides of the story before coming to a conclusion. Although Scout did harass Francis, she had a reason to (he was calling Atticus names, he said there was no point to the trial, and he bullied Scout). Dumbfounded, Uncle Jack admitted to underestimating the story, and assumed it was all Scouts' fault. Atticus also taught him that children see things differently, but you still have to listen to their arguments in order to understand the sequence of events. Jem and Scout are somewhat disappointed that Atticus is not as athletic as some of the other fathers in town.
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What happens to change their minds?
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In the novel Atticus shoots a mad dog with incredible accuracy and that change.
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Why do Miss Maudie and Atticus tell the children that it is a sin to kill a mockingbird?
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It is a sin to kill a mockingbird because mockingbirds do nothing to harm people. They mind their own business and sing to make others' lives more enjoyable. It is a sin to kill or harm anyone who doesn't deserve it, anyone who never harms another.
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What did Jem do to Mrs. Dubose?
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He cut the tops off every camellia Bush Mrs. Dubose owned and proceeded to bend Scout's new baton against his knee
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Because of this, what does Jem have to do every day for a month?
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Read out loud for two hours a day to Mrs. Dubose.
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After Mrs. Dubose dies, what do the children learn about her?
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That she was addicted to Morphine.
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What does Mrs. Dubose leave for Jem?
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In a box she leaves him a Camillia and he is angry at first but then Atticus explains to him that it represents her kindness.
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Why does Atticus think she left this for Jem?
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Atticus thinks she left this for Jem because it represented her kindness.
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How does Atticus define courage? Be specific.
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Atticus Finch defined real courage in a conversation to his son Jem concerning Mrs. Dubose. He said this: "I wanted you to see what real courage is, instead of getting the idea that courage is a man with a gun in his hand. It's when you know you're licked before you begin but you begin anyway and you see it through no matter what. You rarely win, but sometimes you do."
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Where does Calpurnia take Jem and Scout?
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Calpurnia had not told Atticus about having taken the children to her church.
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Why is Lula upset that Calpurnia has brought them?
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Lula is upset because the children are white and Calpurnia has brought them to an African American Church.
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Why is everyone else happy that Jem and Scout are there?
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They are appreciative of what Atticus has done for Tom and for their community.
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How do we see segregation in chapter 12?
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The church is very run-down. They have no decorations or organ. The community cannot read because school is not an option.
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Why does Aunt Alexandra come to stay with the Finches?
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She wants the children to have a feminine influence and Atticus agrees that there should be another adult around during the trial.
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How does Aunt Alexandra feel about Calpurnia? Explain.
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She wants Cal fired because she thinks she is unnecessary. She is assumes that because Cal is black, that she is unsuitable to raise the children.
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In chapter 14, what does Jem do that makes Scout refer to him as a "traitor?"
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He tells Atticus that Dill was hiding under the bed.
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Why did Dill really run away?
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Dill ran away because his parents weren't paying enough attention to him.
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Why does Scout find it strange when Atticus takes the car to his office late at night?
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Scout finds it strange because Atticus always walks.
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Why does Jem decide to follow him?
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Jem senses danger and wants to make sure Atticus is OK.
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Where do the children find Atticus?
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The children find Atticus sitting outside the jail, reading.
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Why do you think Scout's nervous rambling causes the mob to disperse?
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Scout's nervous rambling causes the mob to disperse she was so innocent she did not even sense the danger the mob posed. Her innocence and her constant reminders of how Atticus has helped the Cunningham family served to make the mob feel guilty.
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Who do the children hear asking Atticus if the mob is gone?
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The children hear Tom Robinson asking Atticus if the mob is gone.
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Who had Atticus' back?
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Mr. Underwood had Atticus' back.
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Why does Dill carry Atticus' chair?
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Dill carry Atticus' chair because he respects Atticus.
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How does Scout know that Jem is not in trouble for disobeying Atticus?
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Scout knows that Jem is not in trouble for disobeying Atticus because Atticus messes up Jem's hair as a sign of affection.
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How does Atticus describe the mob's behavior?
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Atticus describes the mob's behavior that they are generally good people but they have a blind spot.
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Describe Mr. Delphos Raymond. Why do some of the neighbors not agree with his lifestyle?
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He is married to an African American woman and has mixed children. His neighbors do not agree with this lifestyle because this type of relationship is forbidden. He also always appears drunk.
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Where do the children sit during the trial? Why is this significant?
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The children sit in the colored balcony during the trial.
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Summarize what is revealed during Sheriff Heck Tate's testimony.
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Mayella's right eye was bruised. She had choke marks all around her neck. No one called a doctor.
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What do you think of Bob Ewell?
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He is rude, uneducated, uncouth, assuming, prejudice, trashy, mean, forceful and insulting. He seems untrustworthy.
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Summarize what is revealed during Bob Ewell's testimony. What is Atticus trying to prove?
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Bob says he was walking in and saw Tom on Mayella through the window so he ran in to save her, but Tom had already ran away. He says he called sheriff tate immediately. Bob is left handed and could have easily harmed Mayella himself.
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Does Mayella seem like a reliable witness? Why or why not? Be specific.
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No she does not. She hesitates and glances at Mr. Gilmer and Bob several times before asking questions. She never gives many details...she agrees with whatever is said.
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What evidence does Atticus use to show that Tom Robinson could not have "beat Mayella up? "
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Tom's left arm is handicapped.
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Summarize Tom Robinson's side of the story
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Tom helped her out often and many times he had been asked to go over and do odd jobs around the house. She spoke with him often. The day in questions, she tricked him into coming into the house to check on something and had sent all 7 children to get ice cream. She hugged him around the legs and kissed him. She ordered him to kiss he back
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Why does Mr. Gilmer act upset when Tom Robinson says he felt sorry for Mayella?
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Because it implies that a black man is somewhat better than a white woman because he is looking down on her.
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Why is Dill so upset?
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Dill is so upset because the trial isn't fair and can't do anything about it.
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What do Scout and Dill learn about Mr. Dolphus Raymond?
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He really drinks soda from the paper-bag bottle. He just wants to give people a reason to accept his behavior and marriage choices. They learn not to judge people and that things aren't always as they seem.
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What is the verdict?
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Guilty
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Why is it significant that the black community stands when Atticus leaves court?
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It shows the respect they have for Atticus and what he has done.
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Why is Jem so upset over the verdict?
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He knows it isn't fair and he thinks is part Atticus' fault.
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What do Tom Robinson's friends and family leave for Atticus? Why doesn't Atticus want them to send gifts?
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They leave food. Atticus doesn't want them to because he knows they cant afford it.
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Despite the guilty verdict, why does Miss Maudie tell the children that Maycomb County has taken a baby step?
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They sat in there and debated the verdict. They also appointed Atticus this job.
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. What did Bob Ewell do to Atticus? How does Atticus respond? What does this reveal about Atticus' character?
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Bob spit in Atticus' face and threated to kill him.. Atticus walks away... he understands that Bob did this out of anger and humiliation. He is not worried.
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How does Atticus attempt to explain the trial to a disillusioned Jem?
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That it is complicated why the jury votes the way it does. People in the town interact with each other and no one wants to stand up and go against majority.
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Miss Maudie feels the ladies at Aunt Alexandra's Missionary Tea are hypocrites. Explain their hypocrisy.
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The women at the tea party are pledging to help starving people in Africa, yet they refuse to lend a helping hand to the African Americans in their very own town.
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Why doesn't Jem want Scout to kill the roly-poly? How does this brief incident relate to major events and themes in the novel?
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The bug hasn't done anything wrong. Much like mockingbirds . it is an innocent little creature and does not need to be squashed.
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How does the mockingbird symbolize Tom Robinson?
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Tom, like mockingbirds, hasn't done anything wrong. He was around often to help Mayella (much like songbirds are around to sing). Bob and Mayella blamed him for the beating and raping of Mayella and the town "killed" him by finding him guilty instead of recognizing his innocence.
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Why is it so significant that Mr. Underwood wrote this editorial? What does this show?
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It is significant because Mr. Underwood usually stays out of these matters and it is important that someone else is standing up for what is right. Slowly things in Maycomb may change. He is publicly publishing a critique on the racism of Maycomb. He is saying the colored man was right, and the white man wrong.
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Why does Scout think Miss Gates is a hypocrite?
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Ms. Gates is hypocritical because she is prejudice and will not admit that she does not treat people of a different race differently. She does not recognize that the US persecutes colored people. She ignores racism.
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Who else is Bob Ewell harassing? How so?
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Bob is harassing Judge Taylor by trying to break into his home. He follows Helen Robinson to work daily. He spits in Atticus's face.
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What will Scout be dressed as in the Halloween Pageant?
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Scout will be a ham.
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Why does Mrs. Merriweather think that Scout has ruined her show?
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Scout sleeps through her cue to enter and then when she wakes up she is so nervous that she was late for her part that she just walks out across the middle of the stage as Mrs. Merriweather is singing.
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Who is after the children?
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Bob Ewell.
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Who saves the children?
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Boo Radley
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What does Aunt Alexandra bring Scout to put on after the attack? Why is this so significant?
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She brings her her overalls. This is significant because Aunt Alexandra had been so adamant that Scout be a "lady" and wear dresses. In a stressful time, when Scout needs comfort, she brings her her overalls.
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At first, who does Atticus think killed the attacker?
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Jem.
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When Scout walks Boo Radley home, through whose eyes does she see the neighborhood?
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She stops on the porch and looks through Boo's point of view. She understands that Boo had been watching them as they grew up. He could see all of their games, them running to Atticus, Jem killing Mrs. Dubose' flowers and Atticus shooting the dog.
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What explanation does Sheriff Heck Tate give for the attacker's death?
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Bob Ewell fell on his own life. It is a believable lie.
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Scout feels that Boo Radley has given her so much, but she feels guilty that she has not returned the favor. How is she wrong? (What have Jem and Scout given Boo?)
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She and Jem have given him some connection to the outside world. He wanted to communicate with them and they showed an interest in him.. He was not forgotten and ignored in their eyes. In some ways they provided entertainment too. Scout and Jem gave him an opportunity to stand up to his fears and overcome his shyness by being a hero and saving the children. Scout gave him her understanding and realizes he is a truly good man.
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Why is the story Atticus reads to Scout at end of the novel so fitting?
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The gray ghost is fitting because it seems like a novel that would frighten a child, but nothing is truly scary in books. It reminds us of Boo Radley because he is a pale, ghostlike character to the children. A superstition. A piece of imagination they were always trying to figure out. Now she knows the truth about Boo and knows, that like ghosts, there is nothing to be afraid of.
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Which questions have been answered?
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How Jem broke his arm. "what" all started 3 summers ago.
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- lawyer defending Tom Robinson - Scout and Jem's single father - tells Scout they'll keep reading at night if she keeps going to school
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Atticus
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- real name is Jeremy - Scout's older brother - breaks Mrs. Dubose's camellia bushes and has to read to her as punishment
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Jem
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Jean Louise Finch - tomboy who likes to fight
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Scout
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Atticus' brother who is a doctor - spanks Scout for punching Francis and cussing but apologizes later when he finds out why she did it
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Uncle Jack
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Atticus' sister - comes to live with the Finches to give Scout a female role model - thinks Scout should think and act like a girl - won't let Scout visit Cal's house - think Atticus should let Cal go
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Aunt Alexandra
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- the Finches' cousin who Scout gets into a fight with when he calls Atticus names
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Francis
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- the Finches' cook who is also like a second mother to the children - African American woman who takes them to her church
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Calpurnia
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- Black man accused of raping Mayella Ewell - he is unable to use his left hand which would have made it quite difficult for him to attack Mayella the way she says he did - is shot 17 times and killed by prison guards when he tries to escape
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Tom Robinson
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- preacher at First Purchase who sits with the kids at the trial and locks his congregation in the church until they take up enough money for the Robinson family - the children sit with him during the trial
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Reverend Sykes
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- Calpurnia's son who leads the singing at First Purchase
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Zeebo
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- Charles Baker Harris - Scout's "fiance" who is passed around from family member to family member throughout the year - tells all sorts of crazy stories about who is daddy is - wants to be a clown when he grows up - Scout finds him under her bed
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Dill
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- sheriff in Maycomb - testifies that they did NOT call a doctor for Mayella - tells Atticus that "Bob Ewell fell on his knife" because he believes it would be wrong to drag Boo out into the limelight for killing Bob Ewell
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Heck Tate
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- nice Baptist neighbor who makes the kids 3 little cakes and takes good care of her flowers - her house catches fire - talks to the children like adults - teaches them many lessons, like that Atticus does the town's dirty work for them and is the same in his house as he is in public
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Miss Maudie
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- addict who Atticus said was the bravest person he ever knew - Jem and Scout have to go read to her because Jem broke her flower bushes - she has "fits" of withdrawal from morphine
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Mrs. Dubose
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- white man who has mixed children - drinks Coca-Cola out of a paper bag but everyone thinks it's alcohol (gives them an excuse for his "behavior")
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Dolphus Raymond
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- rabid dog that Atticus shoots
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Tim Johnson
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- accuses Tom Robinson of raping her - lives in a dump but has pretty red geraniums - thinks Atticus is making fun of her when he calls her ma'am
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Mayella Ewell
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- town drunk who uses his relief checks on alcohol instead of caring for his children - accuses Tom Robinson of raping his daughter - attacks Jem and Scout - killed by Boo Radley
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Bob Ewell
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- has cooties - makes Miss Caroline cry - only goes to school on the first day
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Burris Ewell
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- Boo's brother who keeps him in the house and fills up the tree hole where the kids had been getting presents
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Nathan Radley
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- town "phantom" that is rarely seen - his real name is Arthur Radley - puts a blanket around Scout the night of the fire - the kids play a game where they act out his story - supposedly stabbed his father in the leg with scissors - saves Jem and Scout from Bob Ewell by killing him
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Boo Radley
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- pays for Atticus' services with nuts instead of money - Scout talks to him about his son which diffuses the situation with the mob at the jail
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Mr. Walter Cunningham
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- Scout rubbed his nose in the dirt on the first day of school for getting her in trouble - he comes to their house for dinner and pours syrup all over his food
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Walter Cunningham
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- was guarding the jail with a shotgun - wrote an editorial in the newspaper about how Tom Robinson's death was like the "senseless slaughter of songbirds"
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Mr. Underwood
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Scout's first grade teacher who doesn't want her to read with Atticus anymore - swatted Scout with a ruler for telling her she was "shaming" Walter Cunningham
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Miss Caroline
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What is the setting of TKAM?
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Maycomb, Alabama, 1930s
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When was TKAM published?
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1960
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Why does Calpurnia get angry with Scout at the lunch table?
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For making fun of Walter when he puts syrup on his food
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What is Atticus' advice for Scout to get along with people better?
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1. To walk a mile in their shoes 2. To get inside their skin and walk around in it 3. To see things from their points of view
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What kinds of things do the kids find in the tree?
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gum, pennies, spelling medal, ball of string, old watch
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What does Scout hear when she rolls up to the Radley yard in the tire?
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someone laughing
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At first, Jem is disappointed in Atticus because he won't play ___________, but then he finds out he's the best ________ in Maycomb County.
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football; shot
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What do you know about First Purchase (Cal's church)?
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- no hymn books - Cal talks different - Rev. Sykes locks the people in
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What is Atticus' dangerous question?
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"Do you really think so?"
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What point of view is the novel told from?
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Third person
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Who is the narrator of the story?
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Scout
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How does Atticus convince Scout to keep going to school?
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He tells her they will still read together every night.
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How do the kids try to communicate with Boo Radley?
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A note at the end of a fishing pole that they put up to the window
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What happens to Jem's pants?
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The children have to run when Nathan Radley comes out of his house shooting. When they run under the fence, Jem loses his pants.
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What is different about Jem's pants when he goes back to get them later that night?
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They are sewn up and folded across the fence (Boo did it)
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Why does Nathan Radley say he is filling the knot-hole?
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He says the tree is dying. We know that it's really because he doesn't want Boo giving the kids presents anymore.
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Why does Scout think the world is ending?
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It's snowing!
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Who is Cecil Jacobs?
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He is a kid who gives Scout a hard time about her dad defending Tom Robinson. He is also the one who jumps out and scares Jem and Scout on their way to the Halloween pageant.
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What is Cecil Jacob's current events article about toward the end of the story?
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It is about Hitler persecuting the Jews.
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Who is Miss Gates and how does she confuse Scout?
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She is Scout's third grade teacher. She confuses Scout because she talks about how what Hitler is doing to the Jews is terrible, but then she treats AfricanAmericans in her own town terribly.
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What reason does Atticus give the kids for defending Tom Robinson?
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He says he wouldn't be able to tell them what to do anymore if he didn't
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What is Maycomb's usual disease?
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how people "go stark raving mad when anything involving a Negro comes up"
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Why is it a sin to kill mockingbirds?
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They "don't do anything but make music for us to enjoy"
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Who is the woman at First Purchase who is rude to Scout and Jem and says they should go back to their own church?
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Lula
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Why does Calpurnia say she acts and talks differently when she is around African-Americans than when she is around white people?
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She says it would be "out of place" for her to talk like white people at church. She doesn't want to seem like she's "puttin' on airs"
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Why do Jem and Scout fight shortly after Aunt Alexandra moves in?
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Jem tries to tell Scout what to do. He tells her to mind Aunt Alexandra.
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What does Atticus say every mob is made up of?
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people you know
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Why did Dill run away from home?
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He says he was bound in the basement because his new father doesn't like him
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Who is Miss Stephanie Crawford?
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the town gossip
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Who is Miss Rachel?
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Dill's aunt that he stays with in the summertime
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What does Dill dare Jem to do to the Radley house?
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touch it
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Based on Tom's story about what happened that day, what can we assume about how Mayella feels about him?
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She has a crush on him
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Based on Mayella's testimony, what can we assume about her relationship with her father?
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He is abusive
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Mr. Gilmer
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- the prosecuting attorney in Tom's case
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Link Deas
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- Tom's employer that stood up for him at the trial
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Harper Lee
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- wrote TKAM - grew up in Alabama - father was a lawyer - lives as a recluse - grew up with Truman Capote, who Dill is based on