question

We properly use the terms good, bad, blameworthy, and praiseworthy to refer to concepts or judgments of value.

answer

True

question

If we wish to study the moral principles, rules, or theories that guide our actions and judgments, we must delve into...

answer

Normative Ethics

question

The application of moral norms to specific moral issues or cases is known as...

answer

Applied Ethics

question

Many great religious thinkers have relied on reason to understand the truths of morality.

answer

True

question

Descriptive ethics involves the systematic investigation of...

answer

How people do in fact behave

question

According to the divine command theory, right actions are those that are willed by God.

answer

True

question

Things that are valuable because they are a means to something else are said to be...

answer

Instrumentally Valuable

question

The principle of universalizability demands that a moral statement that applies in one situation must apply in...

answer

All situations that are relevantly similar

question

The principle of impartiality demands that we treat equals equally.

answer

True

question

All major religious thinkers have accepted the divine command theory.

answer

False

question

Morality is...

answer

Beliefs concerning right and wrong, good and bad

question

Ethics gives us a royal road to moral truth.

answer

False

question

Feelings are not an important part of moral experience.

answer

False

question

Legal norms dominate moral norms.

answer

False

question

Morality is both accessible and meaningful to us whether we are religious or not.

answer

True

question

Religious believers have no need to do ethics.

answer

False

question

Ethics, or moral philosophy, is...

answer

The philosophical study of morality

question

Embracing without question the moral beliefs of your culture can undermine your personal freedom.

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True

question

There are never any good reasons for treating someone differently from the way we treat others.

answer

False

question

The philosophical study of morality

answer

Ethics

question

Beliefs concerning right and wrong, good and bad; they can include judgements, rules, principles, and theories

answer

Morality

question

The scientific study of moral beliefs and practices

answer

descriptive ethics

question

The study of the principles, rules, or theories that guide our actions and judgements

answer

normative ethics

question

The study of the meaning and logical structure of moral beliefs

answer

Metaethics

question

A cultural relativist will agree with this statement: "It is morally right to smoke marijuana in Amsterdam because the culture approves of it."

answer

True

question

Nothing is good or bad, according to emotivists.

answer

True

question

One cannot be both an objectivist and a cultural relativist.

answer

False

question

Social reformers are always right in the view of a cultural relativist.

answer

True

question

Someone who is raised as an objectivist will likely hold that view as an adult, too.

answer

True

question

The statement, "Shoplifting is wrong," expresses only feelings of disapproval, according to emotivists.

answer

False

question

A statement affirming that an action is right or wrong or that a person is good or bad is called a(n)

answer

Moral Statement

question

A typical moral argument consists of premises and a conclusion, with the conclusion being a nonmoral statement, or judgment.

answer

False

question

An argument that is supposed to give logically conclusive support to its conclusion is said to be

answer

deductive

question

An assertion that something is or is not the case is called a(n)

answer

statement

question

An inductive argument is intended to provide probable, not decisive, support to the conclusion.

answer

true

question

Hasty generalization is a fallacy of inductive reasoning.

answer

true

question

Modus ponens is symbolized by: If p, then q; p; therefore, q.

answer

true

question

Nonmoral premises, like all premises, must be

answer

supported by good reasons.

question

The fallacy of arguing that a claim should be rejected solely because of the characteristics of the person who makes it is called argument to the person.

answer

true

question

The fallacy of arguing that the absence of evidence entitles us to believe a claim is called

answer

appeal to ignorance.

question

The fallacy of assigning two different meanings to the same term in an argument is known as faulty analogy.

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false

question

The misrepresenting of someone's claim or argument so it can be more easily refuted is called the fallacy of the straw man.

answer

true

question

Very few arguments have implied premises.

answer

false

question

We can test the truth of a moral premise by

answer

using counterexamples.

question

What makes an argument a moral argument is that its conclusion is always

answer

moral statement

question

A moral theory is equivalent to a moral code.

answer

False

question

A moral theory is

answer

an explanation of what makes an action right or what makes a person or thing good.

question

A moral theory is

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helpful in attempts to make sense of moral judgments and principles.

question

A moral theory that is internally inconsistent is not eligible for further evaluation.

answer

False

question

Applying the moral criteria of adequacy is basically a subjective, arbitrary affair.

answer

consequences.

question

Consequentialist moral theories say that what makes an action right is its

answer

True

question

Ethical egoism says that the morally right action is the one that produces the most favorable balance of good over evil for oneself.

answer

True

question

Nonconsequentialist moral theories say that the rightness of an action

answer

does not depend entirely on its consequences.

question

One criterion of adequacy for moral theories is consistency with

answer

considered moral judgments.

question

One's considered moral judgments can be mistaken.

answer

True

question

eflective equilibrium is reached in one's moral experience when one's emotions are in balance.

answer

False

question

The divine command theory says that the morally right action is the one

answer

that reduces evil in the world.

question

The first step in theory assessment is to ensure that the theory meets the minimum requirement of

answer

Coherence

question

To a nonconsequentialist, telling a lie is wrong because it results in bad consequences.

answer

False

question

A major criticism of ethical egoism is that it

answer

is not consistent with one's considered moral judgments.

Ethics Chapter 1-4 – Flashcards

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