question

_____________ can be defined as the process of sending and receiving messages that have meaning.

answer

communication

question

___________________ is defined as an interactional process in which one person sends a message to another.

answer

interpersonal communication

question

For communication to qualify as interpersonal, -at least ______ people must be involved -interpersonal communication is a process, it usually involves a series of actions -This process is interactional. Both participants send as well as receive information when they're interacting.

answer

two

question

For communication to qualify as interpersonal, -at least two people must be involved -interpersonal communication is a ___________, it usually involves a series of actions -This process is interactional. Both participants send as well as receive information when they're interacting.

answer

process

question

For communication to qualify as interpersonal, -at least two people must be involved -interpersonal communication is a process, it usually involves a series of actions -This process is ___________. Both participants send as well as receive information when they're interacting.

answer

interactional

question

One of the essential components of the interpersonal communication process: The ___________ is the person who initiates the message.

answer

sender

question

One of the essential components of the interpersonal communication process: The ________ is the person to whom the message is targeted.

answer

receiver

question

One of the essential components of the interpersonal communication process: The ________ refers to the information or meaning that is transmitted from the sender to the receiver. It is the content of the communication-the ideas and feelings conveyed to another person.

answer

message

question

Two important cognitive processes underlie the transmission of messages: Speakers _________ or transform their ideas and feelings into symbols and organize them into a message; receivers ___________ or translate a speaker's message into their own ideas and feelings.

answer

encode, decode

question

One of the essential components of the interpersonal communication process: The _____________ refers to the sensory channel through which the message reaches the receiver.

answer

channel

question

One of the essential components of the interpersonal communication process: __________ refers to any stimulus that interferes with accurately expressing or understanding a message. -sources include environmental and physical factors.

answer

noise

question

One of the essential components of the interpersonal communication process: ____________ is the environment in which communication takes place. It includes the physical environment, the nature of the participants' relationship, their history, their current mod, and their cultural backgrounds.

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context

question

________________ is interpersonal communication that takes place via technology (cel phones, computers, hand held devices).

answer

electronically mediated communication

question

________________ is the transmission of meaning from one person to another through means or symbols other than words.

answer

nonverbal communication

question

General principles of _____________ communication: 1. It conveys emotions. 2. It is multi channeled. 3. It is ambiguous. 4. It may contradict verbal messages. 5. It is culture-bound.

answer

nonverbal

question

__________ is the study of people's use of interpersonal space.

answer

proxemics

question

__________ is a zone of space surrounding a person that is felt to "belong" to that person. -The size of this zone is related to cultural background, social status, personality, age, and gender.

answer

personal space

question

Relative to personal space, the United States is usually characterized as a ______________ culture, but there is a lot of variability among ethnic groups.

answer

medium-contact

question

According to Edward Hall, the interpersonal distance zone that is 0-18 inches is the ____________ distance zone, and it is appropriate for parents, children, lovers, spouses, partners.

answer

intimate

question

According to Edward Hall, the interpersonal distance zone that is 18 inches-4 feet is the ____________ distance zone, and it is appropriate for close friends.

answer

personal

question

According to Edward Hall, the interpersonal distance zone that is 4-12 feet is the ___________ distance zone, and it is appropriate for coworkers, social gatherings, friends, and work situations.

answer

social

question

According to Edward Hall, the interpersonal distance zone that is 12+ feet is the ___________ distance zone and it is appropriate for actors, total strangers, and important officials.

answer

public

question

More than anything else, _____________ convey emotions.

answer

facial expressions

question

Paul Ekman and Wallace Friesen have identified ______ distinctive facial expressions that correspond with the basic emotions

answer

six

question

_________ are norms that govern the appropriate display of emotions in a culture.

answer

display rules

question

______ typically show less facial expression than _______ do.

answer

men, women

question

Among European Americans, people who engage in high levels of _________ are usually judged to have effective social skills and credibility. As a rule, people engage in more when they're listening than when they're talking.

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eye contact

question

Gaze also communicates the _________ (but not the positivity or negativity_ of feelings.

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intensity

question

_________ is the study of communication through body movements.

answer

kinesics

question

____________ includes all vocal cues other than the content of the verbal message itself. The term refers to how something is said rather than to what is being said. -Ex: how loudly or softly a person speaks, how fast they talk, and the pitch, rhythm, and quality of their speech.

answer

paralanguage

question

Contrary to popular belief, _______ is not associated with slow talking, long pauses before speaking, excessive shifting of posture, reduced smiling, or lack of eye contact.

answer

lying

question

_________ say less, tell less-compelling stories, make a more negative impression, are more tense, and include less unusual content in their stories than truth tellers do.

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liars

question

The __________ is a device that records fluctuations in a physiological arousal as a person answers questions. -it is really an emotion detector.

answer

polygraph

question

To summarize, _________ is potentially detectable, but the nonverbal behaviors that accompany lying are subtle and difficult to spot.

answer

deception

question

_________________ is the ability to accurately encode (express) and decode (understand) nonverbal cues. -related to social and academic competence even in children.

answer

nonverbal sensitivity

question

You can help create and maintain a __________ interpersonal climate by putting the following suggestions into practice: -learn to feel and communicate empathy -practice withholding judgment -strive for honesty -approach others as equals -express your opinion tentatively

answer

positive

question

_________ is adopting another's frame of reference so you can understand his or her point of view.

answer

empathy

question

Psychologist Bernardo Curducci suggests five steps for making successful ___________: 1. indicate that you are open to conversation by commenting on your surroundings. 2. introduce yourself. 3. select a topic others can relate to. 4. keep the conversational ball rolling. 5. make a smooth exit.

answer

small talk

question

______________ is the act of sharing information about yourself with another person.

answer

self-disclosure

question

Self-disclosure in romantic relationships correlates positively with relationship satisfaction. More specifically, ____________ in self-disclosure, rather than high self-disclosure, may be the critical factor that helps couples avoid stress.

answer

equity

question

In deepening a relationship, to safely steer the conversation toward more intimate topics, it is advised to use the strategy of __________ self-disclosure.

answer

gradual

question

Self-disclosure is _______ reciprocated in depth and topic.

answer

usually

question

For _________ to develop in a relationship, a discloser must feel understood and cared for.

answer

intimacy

question

In the U.S., it has been found that females tend to be more openly self-disclosing than males. This gender difference is strongest in __________ friendships, with female friends sharing more personal information than male friends. In __________ relationships, self-disclosure is more equal.

answer

same-gender, other-gender

question

Women share more _________ information and feelings, whereas men share more ________ information, both in conversation and email messages.

answer

personal, nonpersonal

question

Gender disparities in self-disclosure are attributed to _____________.

answer

socialization

question

To be a good _________, keep four points in mind: 1. signal your interest in the speaker by using nonverbal cues 2. hear the other person out before responding 3. engage in active listening (clarifying and paraphrasing) 4. pay attention to the other person's nonverbal signals.

answer

listener

question

While engaging in active listening, in _______ paraphrasing, you focus on the literal meaning of the message.

answer

content

question

While engaging in active listening, in _______ paraphrasing, you focus on the emotions connected to the content of the message.

answer

feelings

question

________________, anxiety caused by having to talk with others.

answer

communication apprehension

question

One of four responses to communication apprehension: The most common is __________, or choosing not to participate when confronted with a voluntary communication opportunity.

answer

avoidance

question

One of four responses to communication apprehension: ___________ occurs when people unexpectedly find themselves trapped in a communication situation they can't escape. They may clam up entirely or say as little as possible.

answer

withdrawal

question

One of four responses to communication apprehension: _________ refers to the inability to make fluent oral presentations or to engage in an appropriate verbal or nonverbal behavior.

answer

disruption

question

One of four responses to communication apprehension: _____________ is a relatively unusual response to high communication apprehension, but it does occur. An example would be someone who attempts to dominate social situations by talking nonstop.

answer

overcommunication

question

An effective way to reduce speech anxiety is with the technique of ____________, for example, you picture yourself successfully going through all of the steps.

answer

visualization

question

A barrier to effective communication: ____________ is an excessive concern with protecting oneself from being hurt. -people usually react this way when they feel threatened or when others act in a superior manner

answer

defensiveness

question

A barrier to effective communication: _____________ occurs when people hear what they want to hear instead of what is actually being said. -selective attention -this tendency occurs most often when people are discussing issues they feel strongly about, such as politics, racism, sexism, or abortion.

answer

motivational distortion

question

A barrier to effective communication: A person who is _____________ is so self-focused that it makes two way conversation impossible. These annoying individuals seem to talk to hear themselves talk. They arouse negative reactions in others.

answer

self-preoccupied

question

A barrier to effective communication: ____________ are manipulative interactions with predictable outcomes in which people concdal their real motives.

answer

games

question

Some game playing involves "__________" to avoid having to make clear one's meanings or intent.

answer

verbal fencing

question

______________ exists whenever two or more people disagree. It occurs between friends and lovers as well as between competitors and enemies.

answer

interpersonal conflict

question

Many people believe that any kind of conflict is _______ and that it should be suppressed if at all possible; in reality, it is neither inherently.... nor inherently good.

answer

bad

question

Conflict is a _________ phenomenon that may lead to either good or bad outcomes, depending on how people deal with it.

answer

natural

question

_________ confrontation may: -bring problems out into the open where they can be solved -put an end to chronic sources of discontent in a relationship -lead to new insights through the airing of divergent views

answer

constructive

question

One of the five types of conflicts: A ___________ is a false conflict.

answer

pseudoconflict

question

One of the five types of conflicts: A ____________ occurs when people disagree about issues of a factual nature.

answer

fact-based conflict

question

One of the five types of conflicts: ___________ arise when people disagree on how to handle a particular situation.

answer

policy conflicts

question

One of the five types of conflicts: ____________ arise when people have differing personal values (beliefs people use to evaluate the worth of various aspects of life-religion, politics, and various social and aesthetic issues).

answer

value-based conflicts

question

One of the five types of conflicts: ___________, those in which one or both parties view the outcome as a measure of self-worth-how competent one is, how much one knows, how much power one has, etc, are the most difficult conflicts to manage.

answer

ego-based conflicts

question

The most effective approach to conflict management is ________.

answer

collaborating

question

One of five distinct patterns of dealing with conflict: The ______________ pattern is seen in people who simply find conflict extremely distasteful. Usually, people who prefer this style hope that ignoring a problem will make it go away. -low concern for self and others

answer

avoiding/withdrawing

question

One of five distinct patterns of dealing with conflict: One who uses the ____________ style feels uncomfortable with conflict. However, instead of ignoring the disagreement, the person brings the conflict to a quick end by giving in easily. -low concern for self, high concern for others

answer

accommodating

question

One of five distinct patterns of dealing with conflict: One who uses the __________ style turns every conflict into a black and white, win or lose situation. They will do virtually anything to emerge victorious from confrontations; thus, they can be deceitful and aggressive. -high concern for self, low concern for others

answer

competing/forcing

question

One of five distinct patterns of dealing with conflict: ____________ is a pragmatic approach for conflict that acknowledges the divergent needs of both parties. they are willing to negotiate and to meet the other person halfway. -moderate concern for self and for others

answer

compromising

question

One of five distinct patterns of dealing with conflict: _____________ involves a sincere effort to find a solution that will optimally satisfy both parties. In this approach, conflict is viewed as a mutual problem to be solved as effectively as possible. -high concern for self and for others

answer

collaborating

question

___________ involves acting in your own best interest by expressing your thoughts and feelings directly and honestly.

answer

assertiveness

question

___________ communication involves consistently giving in to others on points of possible contention.

answer

submissive

question

_________ communication focuses on saying and getting what you want at the expense of others' feelings and rights.

answer

aggressive

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