question

Ageism impacts the elderly by:

answer

undermining their feelings of competence and self-esteem.

question

At age 75, Martha is typical of people her age. She believes that when compared to others of the same age:

answer

she is doing well but they have more problems and are self-absorbed.

question

Caregivers can diminish the independence of the elderly if they:

answer

help too much.

question

Using elderspeak when engaging in conversation with an older adult:

answer

is demeaning.

question

The study of population numbers is called:

answer

demography.

question

A problem with the dependency ratio is that it:

answer

assumes that people over age 64 are dependent.

question

What is the fastest-growing age group in the United States?

answer

80 and up

question

In developed nations, the most common living arrangement for people over age 65 is living:

answer

with a spouse or alone.

question

What distinguishes the old-old from the young-old?

answer

reductions in physical or mental ability

question

The wear-and-tear theory of aging is weakened by the fact that:

answer

many body functions benefit from use.

question

The notion that DNA regulates the aging process is referred to as the:

answer

genetic clock.

question

The Hayflick limit is a natural limit to the:

answer

number of times cells can divide.

question

Now that Hank is 75, he uses selective optimization with compensation while driving. For example, he:

answer

drives more slowly

question

For older drivers, which of the variables below is the strongest predictor of a car accident?

answer

poor peripheral vision

question

Delores, age 75, believes her memory is fading with age, and the anxiety this causes her actually diminishes her memory. This is an example of:

answer

stereotype threat.

question

Otto, age 81, just relayed a news story to his friends over coffee, but cannot remember where he heard or read about the tale. Otto has:

answer

source amnesia.

question

A marked decrease in brain processing and memory in some older adults may be attributed to:

answer

inadequate control processes.

question

The primary reason older people receive less input into their brains is that:

answer

their senses decline, reducing the sensory input.

question

Ralph was in a minor car accident in the grocery store parking lot. He backed his car into another car that was also backing out of a parking space. The other driver honked but Ralph didn't stop. Why not?

answer

The honking did not cross his sensory threshold.

question

The ability to recall a string of digits backward tends to _____________ with age, while memory for vocabulary tends to _________ with age.

answer

decrease; stay the same

question

One function of working memory is:

answer

temporary storage of information for conscious use.

question

Control processes depend on which part of the brain?

answer

prefrontal cortex

question

Older adults have _________ vocabularies but __________ fluency.

answer

extensive; limited

question

For the average individual in late adulthood, traditional tests of intelligence demonstrate that:

answer

cognitive abilities decline.

question

The changes of primary aging are:

answer

universal

question

Paulo, age 62, has developed heart disease from a lifetime of smoking cigarettes. His heart disease is an example of:

answer

secondary aging.

question

Primary and secondary aging combine to make major body systems:

answer

slower.

question

Lionel has two biomarkers that are well outside the normal range. He has had a life filled with financial and familial stress, and has not always handled it well, though he has never smoked. As he ages, we can expect that:

answer

Lionel's lifelong responses to stress will create a biological burden.

question

Between 1997 and 2009, the proportion of U.S. elderly with a limitation in activity that interfered with essential functioning:

answer

decreased.

question

What happens to bones with age?

answer

They become more porous.

question

Approximately what percentage of people between the ages of 60 and 69 have dementia?

answer

1

question

Vera was diagnosed with Alzheimer disease while in middle age. Her doctor told her family that compared to the kind of Alzheimer disease the develops in old age, this version:

answer

progresses more rapidly.

question

In the ______ stage of Alzheimer disease, patients may not eat or talk.

answer

final

question

Vascular dementia is caused by:

answer

insufficient supply of blood to the brain.

question

The main symptom of frontal lobe dementias is:

answer

personality change.

question

After seeing a specialist, Jack started taking a medicine for his heart that led to digestive problems. He saw a different doctor for that issue and was prescribed another drug, which led to headaches. Yet another doctor prescribed another drug for his headaches. Jack has just experienced:

answer

a prescribing cascade.

question

Erikson called elders _______________, as they are both aware of changes between generations and have a broad view of the human experience.

answer

social witnesses

question

Audrey is 85 years old and has begun a life review. Her primary reason for doing this is probably to:

answer

put her life into perspective.

question

A cultural factor that may increase longevity is:

answer

being integrated into the community.

question

In a Swedish study, centenarians were found to be less likely to ___________ than octogenarians.

answer

take antidepressant medication

PSY 205: Chapter 14 – Flashcards

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