question

"Classical" music

answer

1750-1820, Haydn and Mozart, and early Beethoven.

question

Enlightenment

answer

"The Age of Reason", thinkers gave free rein to the pursuit of truth and the discovery of natural laws, formulated largely by Isaac Newton (1642-1727). French encyclopedists Voltaire (1694-1778) and Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778) espoused the principles of social justice, equality, religious tolerance, and freedom of speech. By the end of the eighteenth century, the Age of Reason gave way to the Age of Revolution.

question

Concert spirituel

answer

(founded in 1725), the most successful Parisian concert series. at which the West's first non-court orchestra played a regular schedule of performances. advertised its performances by means of flyers distributed in the streets. To make its offerings accessible to several strata of society, it instituted a two-tiered pricing scale for a subscription series (4 livres for boxes and 2 livres for the pit, roughly $200 and $100 in today's money). Children under fifteen were admitted for half price. The "for profit" concert as we know it today dates from this time.

question

comic opera "opera buffa"

answer

exemplified social change and championed middle-class values. Made use of everyday characters and situations; it typically employed spoken dialogue and simple songs in place of recitatives and lengthy arias; and it was liberally spiced with sight gags, bawdy humor, and social satire.

question

Don Giovanni (1787) - written my Mozart

answer

the villain is a leading nobleman of the town

question

Le nozze di Figaro (1786) -The Marriage of Figaro Written my Mozart

answer

a barber outsmarts a count and exposes him to public ridicule. (So seriously did the king of France and the Holy Roman Emperor take the threat of such theatrical satire that they banned the play on which The Marriage of Figaro was based.)

question

pianoforte

answer

soft-loud

question

antecedent and consequent phrases

answer

are units that operate together: one opens, the other closes (again, "away"-"home" if you wish).

question

Neoclassicism

answer

Many major artists of the eighteenth century journeyed to Rome to absorb the ancient classical style, and what they created in painting and architecture.

question

Angelica Kauffmann (1741 - 1807)

answer

Englishwoman, in the Character of Design Listening to the Inspiration of Poetry (1782) shows classical balance (two women and two columns). Not coincidentally, the complementary figures in this painting function as do antecedent-consequent phrases in Classical music: they are somewhat different, but they balance each other.

question

triplet rhythm (groups of three)

answer

To avoid a feeling of inactivity when the harmony is static, Classical composers invented new "filler" patterns for accompaniment. Sometimes they simply repeat the accompanying chord in a uniform

question

Alberti bass

answer

named after the minor Italian keyboard composer Domenico Alberti (1710-1740), who popularized this figure. Instead of playing the pitches of a chord all together, the performer spreads them out to provide a continual stream of sound. Mozart used an Alberti bass at the beginning of his famous C major piano sonata (1788). The Alberti bass serves essentially the same function as both the modern "boogie-woogie" bass and the process of "tapping" on a guitar (made famous by Eddie Van Halen). It provides an illusion of harmonic activity for those moments when, in fact, the harmony is not changing.

question

Viennese School

answer

The careers of Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven, and the young Franz Schubert all unfolded in Vienna, and from Vienna radiated their powerful musical influence. For that reason, we often refer to them collectively as the Viennese School and say that their music epitomizes the "Viennese Classical style."

question

Vienna

answer

Was then the capital of the old Holy Roman Empire, a huge expanse covering much of Western and Central Europe. Vienna had a population of 215,000, which made it the fourth-largest city in Europe, after London, Paris, and Naples. Ruled by aristocratic gentry. Served as a cultural mecca.

question

Franz Joseph Hayden (1732 - 1809)

answer

was the first of the great Classical composers to move to Vienna, and his life offers something of a "rags-to-riches" story. Haydn was born in 1732 in a farmhouse in Rohrau, Austria, about twenty-five miles east of Vienna. His father, a wheelwright, played the harp but could not read music. When the choir director of Saint Stephen's Cathedral in Vienna happened to be scouting for talent in the provinces, he heard the boy soprano Haydn sing and brought him back to the capital. Here Haydn remained as a choirboy, studying the rudiments of composition and learning to play the violin and keyboard. After nearly ten years of service, his voice broke and he was abruptly dismissed. For most of the 1750s, Haydn eked out a "wretched existence," as he called it, much like a freelance musician or aspiring actress might in New York City today. But in 1761, Haydn's years of struggle ended when he was engaged as director of music for the court of Prince Nikolaus Esterházy (1714-1790). For a period of nearly thirty years, Haydn served Nikolaus Esterházy at his remote court on what is today the border of Austria and Hungary. Here he composed symphonies, operas, and string trios in which the prince himself participated. 106 symphonies, about 70 string quartets, nearly a dozen operas, 52 piano sonatas, 14 Masses, and 2 oratorios. He began composing before the death of Bach (1750) and did not put down his pen until about the time Beethoven set to work on his Symphony No. 5 (1808). Thus, Haydn not only witnessed but, more than any other composer, helped to create the mature Classical style.

question

Esterhazy

answer

Were wealthy aristocrats who wintered in Vienna and summered on their extensive landholdings to the southeast. Prince Nikolaus ruled much like a benevolent dictator. But the prince was an autocrat with a fondness for music, maintaining an orchestra, a chapel for singing religious works, and a theater for opera. As was typical of the period, the musician Haydn was considered a servant of his prince and even wore the garb of the domestic help, as can be seen in his portrait. As a condition of his appointment in 1761, Haydn signed a contract stipulating that all the music he composed belonged not to him, but to his aristocratic master.

question

London Symphonies

answer

Hayden's last 12 symphonies. In a series of concerts at the Hanover Square Rooms, a new public concert hall that catered to the growing middle-class demand for classical music.

question

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756 - 1791)

answer

was born in 1756 in the mountain town of Salzburg, Austria, then a city of about 20,000 residents. His father, Leopold Mozart, was a violinist in the orchestra of the ruling archbishop of Salzburg and the author of a best-selling introduction to playing the violin. Leopold was quick to recognize the musical gifts of his son, who by the age of six was playing the piano, violin, and organ, as well as composing. In 1762, the Mozart family coached off to Vienna, where Wolfgang and his older sister Nannerl displayed their musical wares before Empress Maria Theresa (1717-1780). They then embarked on a three-year tour of Northern Europe that included extended stops in Munich, Brussels, Paris, London, Amsterdam, and Geneva. In London, Wolfgang sat on the knee of Johann Christian Bach (1735-1782) and improvised a fugue. And here, at the age of eight, he wrote his first two symphonies. Eventually, the Mozarts made their way back to Salzburg. But in 1768, they were off again to Vienna, where the now twelve-year-old Wolfgang staged a production of his first opera, Bastien und Bastienne, in the home of the famous Dr. Franz Anton Mesmer (1734-1815), the inventor of the theory of animal magnetism, or hypnotism (hence, "to mesmerize"). The next year father and son visited the major cities of Italy, including Rome, where, on July 8, 1770, the pope dubbed Wolfgang a Knight of the Order of the Golden Spur. "The most universal composer in the history of Western music."

question

Freemasons

answer

an Enlightenment fraternity, which espoused tolerance and universal brotherhood. Many view Mozart's last opera, Die Zauberflöte (The Magic Flute, 1791) as a hymn in praise of Masonic ideals.

question

How did composers treat melody during the Classical period?

answer

short, balanced phrases create tuneful melodies; more vocal than instrumental in character

question

Identify the statement that correctly describes the harmonic style of the era.

answer

the harmonic rhythm varies dramatically, creating a dynamic flux and flow; simple chordal harmonies made more active by "Alberti" bass

question

Which answer correctly describes the rhythm of Classical period music?

answer

it becomes more stop-and-go; greater rhythmic variety within a single movement

question

The texture of Classical period music is generally

answer

homophonic with a thin bass and middle range, hence it is light and transparent.

question

Phrases that are dependent upon each other to produce a complete musical idea are called ________ and ________ .

answer

antecedent, consequent

question

Which definition is correct for "Alberti bass"?

answer

instead of having the pitches of a chord sound all together, the notes are played in succession to provide a continual stream of sound

question

What is a "comic opera"?

answer

a genre of opera originating in the eighteenth century that portrayed everyday characters and situations, and used spoken dialogue and simple songs

question

The "pianoforte" is

answer

the original name of the piano.

question

The new comic opera, called ________ in Italy, was the opera of the middle class.

answer

opera buffa

question

During the Enlightenment, also referred to as the Age of Reason, thinkers gave free rein to the pursuit of truth and the discovery of natural laws.

answer

True

question

Which idea did NOT emerge during the Enlightenment?

answer

the importance of communicating passion no matter what sort of imbalance, contradiction, or formal inconsistency might result

question

Spurred on by economic self-interest and the principles of Enlightenment philosophers, the middle class of France and America rebelled against the monarchy.

answer

True

question

Due to the physical power required to play the pianoforte, the most common players of the new instrument were professional male musicians.

answer

False

question

Which aspect contributed to the dynamic mood of Classical music?

answer

- the use of crescendos and diminuendos - alternating the mood between themes - quickly changing the texture from light and airy to dense and more contrapuntal - rapid changes in rhythmic patterns

question

Identify the statement that does NOT apply to Vienna during the late eighteenth century.

answer

It was the largest city in Europe.

question

Which statement does NOT apply to Haydn's early years?

answer

Because he displayed great musical talent as a child, his father forced the boy to practice at all hours with the intent of exploiting him as a child prodigy.

question

While Haydn toured Europe to acquire fame and fortune, what actually happened was that his compositions increased in breadth and substance because of his exposure to a wealth of musical styles.

answer

False

question

Mozart was born in the town of ________ .

answer

Salzburg

question

Which composers are representative of the Classical period?

answer

Mozart, Haydn, Beethoven, and Schubert

question

All of the following statements regarding the early years of Mozart are accurate EXCEPT this:

answer

His father served as court composer to Joseph II of Austria, and later gave composition lessons to Beethoven

question

From 1781 until his death in 1791, Mozart lived almost exclusively in which city?

answer

Vienna

question

Which statement about Mozart's compositions and his childhood experiences touring Europe is WRONG?

answer

as a result of his touring he acquired fame and fortune, and was court composer to Emperor Joseph II from 1780 until his untimely death in 1791

question

Which musical tradition was NOT influential in the development of Mozart's musical style?

answer

Spanish flamenco

question

Mozart found the system of aristocratic patronage irritating, and after several unpleasant scenes with his patron, he cut himself free and moved to Vienna, determined to make a living as a freelance musician.

answer

True

question

Identify the INCORRECT statement regarding Mozart's life in Vienna during the 1780s.

answer

He was responsible for an orchestra that was never larger than twenty-five musicians and saw to it that all musicians appeared in uniform and followed instructions.

question

form

answer

refer to that artifact's external shape or to the way it is positioned in physical space. (same number of beats per bar and same number of bars per phrase)

question

canon

answer

standard repertoire

question

ternary form (ABA)

answer

the idea of statement-contrast-repetition is obvious (like twinkle, twinkle, little star)

question

minuet

answer

a stately dance in triple meter, When the minuet appeared as a movement of a symphony or quartet, it came in pairs

question

trio

answer

Because the second minuet of the pair had originally been played by only three instruments, it was called the trio (also performed in ternary form)

question

serenade

answer

a light, multimovement piece for strings alone or small orchestra, one intended for an evening's entertainment and often performed outdoors. (Mozart's Eine kleine Nachtmusik - A Little Night Music - 1787)

question

sonata-allegro form

answer

Sonata-allegro form is the most complex of all musical stories, and it tends to result in the longest pieces. A sonata is a genre of music usually involving a solo instrument; sonata-allegro, however, is a form giving structure to a single movement within any one of several genres: a sonata, string quartet, serenade, symphony, even a one-movement overture. from the fact that most sonatas employ this form in the first movement, and the first movement almost always goes fast, or "allegro." four distinctive musical styles found in sonata-allegro form: thematic, transitional, developmental, and cadential (ending).

question

exposition (thematic) - thematic passage has a clearly recognizable melody, often a singable tune

answer

the composer presents the main themes (or musical personalities) of the movement. It begins with the first theme or theme group, which is always in the tonic key. usually concludes with a closing theme

question

transition, or bridge (transition) - is full of motion, with melodic sequences and rapid chord changes.

answer

which carries the music from the tonic to a new key, usually the dominant, and prepares for the arrival of the second theme. The second theme typically contrasts in character with the first; if the first is rapid and assertive, the second may be more languid and lyrical.

question

development - perhaps confusing; the harmonies shift quickly, and the themes, while recognizable, often pile one on top of another in a dense contrapuntal texture.

answer

As the name indicates, a further working out, or "developing," of the thematic material occurs here. The themes can be extended and varied, or wholly transformed; a character we thought we knew can turn out to have a completely different personality.

question

retransition

answer

is tonal order restored, often by means of a stabilizing pedal point on the dominant note. When the dominant chord (V) finally gives way to the tonic (I), the recapitulation begins.

question

recapitulation

answer

is not an exact, note-for-note repetition of the exposition, it nonetheless presents the same musical events in the same order. The only change that regularly occurs in this restatement is the rewriting of the transition, or bridge. Because the movement must end in the tonic, the bridge does not modulate to a different key as before, but stays at home in the tonic. Thus, the recapitulation imparts to the listener not only a feeling of return to familiar surroundings but also an increased sense of harmonic stability.

question

introductions

answer

are, without exception, slow and stately, and usually filled with ominous or puzzling chords designed to get the listener wondering what sort of musical excursion he or she is about to take.

question

coda (cadential passage) - coming at the end of a section or the end of the piece, sounds repetitive because the same chords are heard again and again in a harmony that seems to have stopped moving forward

answer

indicates, this is a section added to the end of the movement to wrap things up. Like tails, codas can be long or short. no matter how long the coda, most will end with a final cadence in which the harmonic motion slows down to just two chords, dominant and tonic, played over and over, as if to say "the end, the end, the end, THE END." The more these repeat, the greater the feeling of conclusion.

question

transformational imperative

answer

The compulsion to endlessly reimagine a song, an object, or a grammatical phrase

question

theme and variations

answer

occurs when a melody is altered, decorated, or adorned in some way by changing pitch, rhythm, harmony, or even mode (major or minor). The object is still recognizable but somehow doesn't seem to sound the same.

question

binary form

answer

a simple AB arrangement

question

rondo

answer

must have at least three statements of the refrain (A) and at least two contrasting sections (at lease B and C). is typically light, quick, and jovial in nature.

question

finale

answer

end

question

cadenaz

answer

a passage of brilliant technical display by the soloist alone

question

Which statement about the trio is INACCURATE?

answer

It utilized the same theme as the minuet, but with lighter scoring.

question

Which musical form was NOT important during the Classical period?

answer

ritornello form

question

The most accurate statement about musical form during the Classical period is:

answer

A few standard forms regulate much of the music.

question

Identify the INACCURATE statement regarding the recapitulation in sonata-allegro form.

answer

The second theme is played in the dominant or relative major key.

question

Identify the form that began during the Classical period.

answer

sonata-allegro

question

Which term best characterizes the B section in ternary form?

answer

contrast

question

The "retransition" is

answer

the end of the development section where the tonality often becomes stabilized on the dominant in preparation for the return of the tonic and the beginning of the recapitulation.

question

Identify the correct definition for "exposition," as used in sonata-allegro form.

answer

the principal section in which all thematic material is presented

question

"Sonata-allegro form" is

answer

- perhaps the most popular form of the Classical era. - a form that was invented during the Classical period. - a form that has the potential for dramatic presentation, conflict, and resolution. - a dramatic musical form that involves an exposition, development, and recapitulation.

question

What is the "coda"?

answer

the final and concluding section of a musical composition

question

Identify the correct definition for "development."

answer

the centermost portion of sonata-allegro form, in which the thematic material of the exposition is developed and extended, transformed, or reduced to its essence

question

Which definition for "minuet" is correct?

answer

a stately dance in triple meter, first developed in the Baroque period

question

Which section of sonata-allegro form is slow, stately, and filled with ominous or puzzling chords?

answer

introduction

question

Which statement does NOT apply to Eine kleine Nachtmusik?

answer

Mozart composed it for the outdoor wedding reception of a friend.

question

As a general rule, Classical composers restricted sonata-allegro form to the first movement of multi-movement compositions.

answer

FALSE

question

About half the mature symphonies of Haydn and Mozart have brief introductions before the exposition begins.

answer

TRUE

question

Which response is NOT an example of rondo form?

answer

ABA

question

Which statement does NOT apply to Symphony No. 94, the "Surprise"?

answer

The style conveys an introspective mood of tragedy and despair.

question

Which movement of a sonata, quartet, or symphony was typically in a slow tempo?

answer

second

question

Mozart's Variations on "Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star" are based on a(n)

answer

French folksong.

question

In a Classical string quartet or symphony, the third movement is usually

answer

- lively in tempo. - a minuet and trio. - in ternary form. - light and elegant, and sometimes spirited in mood.

question

One of the ways Classical composers created variation within theme and variations form was by altering the length of the melody.

answer

FALSE

question

Rondo and sonata-allegro were the only two forms invented during the Classical period.

answer

FALSE

question

What is the unexpected occurrence in Haydn's Symphony No. 94 that gave it the name "Surprise"?

answer

a sudden fortissimo chord

question

In rondo form, the A sections are called

answer

refrains

question

In Classical compositions, the rondo is typically light, quick, and jovial in nature.

answer

TRUE

question

What were the trumpet and French horn lacking in Haydn's day that is now "standard equipment" on modern instruments?

answer

valves

question

Which movement in a sonata, quartet, or symphony tended to be in a lyrical and tender mood?

answer

second

question

Sonata-allegro form was most often used in which movements of a string quartet or symphony in the Classical period.

answer

first and fourth

question

Which movement of a string quartet or symphony was typically a bright, light-hearted, and sometimes humorous movement set in sonata-allegro, theme and variations, or rondo form?

answer

fourth

question

Which movement(s) in a Classical period symphony is (are) nearly always in minuet and trio form?

answer

third

question

genre

answer

simply means the type or class of music to which we listen (ex: string quartet, opera aria, country music ballad)

question

In the age of Haydn and Mozart, there were five main genres of art music

answer

the instrumental genres of symphony, string quartet, sonata, and concerto, and the vocal genre of opera.

question

symphony

answer

is a multimovement composition for orchestra lasting about twenty-five minutes in the Classical period to nearly an hour in the Romantic era. By mid-century the symphony had assumed its now-familiar four-movement format: fast-slow-minuet-fast

question

sinfonia

answer

The origins of the symphony go back to the late-seventeenth-century Italian opera house, where an opera began with an instrumental sinfonia (literally, "a harmonious sounding together"). Was a one-movement instrumental work in three sections: fast-slow-fast.

question

Köchel (K) number

answer

To help us keep track of this enormous amount of music, a nineteenth-century musicologist, Ludwig von Köchel, published a list of Mozart's works in approximately chronological order, assigning each a Köchel (K) number.

question

andante (second movement)

answer

After the feverish excitement of the opening movement, the slow, lyrical Andante comes as a welcome change of pace.

question

menuetto: allegretto (third movement)

answer

We expect the aristocratic minuet to provide elegant, graceful dance music (see Figure 8.2). But much to our surprise, Mozart returns to the intense, somber mood of the opening movement. This he does, in part, by choosing to write in the tonic minor key—a rare minuet in minor. This again demonstrates how the minuet had changed from "dance music" to "listening music."

question

Allegro Assai (fourth movement)

answer

The finale (last movement) starts with an ascending "rocket" that explodes in a rapid, forte flourish—and only carefully rehearsed string playing can pull off this orchestral special effect. The contrasting second theme of this sonata-allegro form movement is typically Mozartean in its grace and charm, a proper foil to the explosive opening melody. Midway through the development, musical compression takes hold: There is no retransition, only a pregnant pause before the recapitulation; the return dispenses with the repeats built into the first theme; and a coda is omitted. This musical foreshortening at the end produces the same psychological effect experienced at the very beginning of the symphony—a feeling of urgency and acceleration.

question

string quartet

answer

typifies chamber music—music for the small concert hall, for the private chamber, or just for the enjoyment of the performers themselves. the string quartet normally has four movements, all unified by a common key. the string quartet features only one player per part: first violinist, second violinist, violist, and cellist.

question

sonata

answer

(Italian for "something to be sounded") is a genre of chamber music played on a solo instrument or a solo instrument accompanied by piano. The usual format was three movements (fast-slow-fast), and each movement might be in any one of the preferred Classical forms: sonata-allegro, ternary, rondo, or theme and variations.

question

concerto

answer

Classical concerto, like the symphony, was a large-scale, multi movement work for instrumental soloist and orchestra intended for a public audience.

question

solo concerto

answer

usually for piano but sometimes for violin, cello, French horn, trumpet, or woodwind. In the new concerto, a single soloist commanded all the audience's attention.

question

triplets

answer

(groups of three) that continue unabated from beginning to end

question

vocal ensemble

answer

Which allows the plot to unfold more quickly. Instead of waiting for each character to sing in turn, three or more characters can express their own particular emotions simultaneously, singing together.

question

Singspiel

answer

Style of German comic opera, is made up of spoken dialogue (instead of recitative) and songs.

question

diminished chord

answer

a tension-filled chord comprised entirely of minor thirds.

question

Which definition accurately describes the term "sinfonia"?

answer

a one-movement orchestral work in three sections (fast-slow-fast) that originated as an overture in seventeenth-century Italian opera

question

The best definition for "solo concerto" is:

answer

a composition in which an orchestra and a single performer in turn present and develop the musical material in the spirit of harmonious competition

question

Which response accurately describes the term "sonata"?

answer

a work, usually in three movements, for keyboard or other solo instrument

question

Identify the response that most accurately applies to "The Emperor's Hymn."

answer

it was written to honor the Emperor and came to serve as the Austrian national anthem

question

Which response best describes the term "string quartet"?

answer

- a genre of chamber music - the genre of music, usually in four movements, composed for four string instruments - an instrumental ensemble consisting of a first and second violin, a viola, and a cello - a genre that was developed or "fathered" by Haydn

question

Which statement about Mozart's Symphony No. 40 in G minor is ERRONEOUS?

answer

The sadness in the symphony reflects the composer's difficult personal circumstances—the death of his father and children—during the period immediately preceding the composition of the work.

question

Which statement does NOT apply to Haydn's String Quartet Opus 76, No. 3, The "Emperor"?

answer

Haydn disliked composing patriotic music and was embarrassed by the popularity it achieved.

question

Which statement regarding Köchel (K) numbers is most accurate?

answer

- It is a means of identifying Mozart's compositions. - Köchel numbers arrange Mozart's works in approximate chronological order. - It is a handy way of identifying multiple works of the same genre that are in the same key. - Ludwig Köchel, a nineteenth-century musicologist, first published the list.

question

A "diminished chord" is

answer

a chord made up entirely of minor thirds that produces a tense, unstable sound.

question

Who was Lorenzo da Ponte?

answer

Mozart's principal librettist during the 1780s

question

What is the correct definition for "Singspiel"?

answer

a German musical comedy with spoken dialogue, tuneful songs, and topical humor

question

Identify the INACCURATE statement regarding Classical operas.

answer

Recitatives are gradually replaced by arias.

question

Don Giovanni is implicitly critical of the aristocracy, and Mozart and da Ponte danced quickly to stay one step ahead of the imperial censor before production.

answer

TRUE

question

Don Giovanni is not the kind of guy you would want your daughter to date.

answer

TRUE

question

Which Mozart opera is a German Singspiel?

answer

Die Zauberflöte

question

In Don Giovanni, the character of Leporello is

answer

a faithful, though reluctant, servant.

question

Identify the answer that most appropriately describes the operatic "vocal ensemble."

answer

- an element derived from comic opera, it was especially favored at the ends of acts to help spark a rousing conclusion - another manifestation of the democratic spirit, and better dramatic sense, of the late eighteenth century - consists of three or more characters who simultaneously sing about their individual responses to the dramatic action - allows the plot to unfold more quickly on stage

question

What type of chord accompanies the stabbing of the Commandant in Don Giovanni?

answer

diminished chord

question

"Pathétique" Sonata.

answer

A Classical sonata, as we have seen (Chapter 9, "The Sonata"), is a multimovement work for solo instrument or solo instrument with keyboard accompaniment. This particular sonata, for solo piano, is identified as Beethoven's Opus 13, denoting that it is the thirteenth of 135 works that Beethoven published. —"Pathétique" ("Plaintive")—underscoring the passion and pathos he felt within it. Its great drama derives in large part from the juxtaposition of extremes. There are extremes of dynamics (from fortissimo to pianissimo), tempo (grave to presto), and range (from very high to very low).

question

opus

answer

latin for work

question

legato

answer

long and lyrical

question

staccato

answer

light and detached

question

cantabile

answer

songful

question

Heiligenstadt Testament

answer

In this confessional document for posterity, like a last will and testament, named after the Viennese suburb in which Beethoven penned.

question

"heroic" period

answer

(1803-1813; also simply termed his "middle period"). His works became longer, more assertive, and full of grand gestures. Simple, often triadic, themes predominate, and these are repeated, sometimes incessantly, as the music swells to majestic proportions. When these themes are played forte and given over to the brass instruments, a heroic, triumphant sound results.

question

"Eroica" ("Heroic") Symphony

answer

epitomizes the grandiose, heroic style. More than any other single orchestral work, it changed the historical direction of the symphony. It assaults the ear with startling rhythmic effects and chord changes that were shocking to early-nineteenth-century listeners. It makes mountains of sound out of the simplest triads by repeating them with ever-increasing volume. Most novel, the work has biographical content, for the hero of the "Eroica" Symphony, at least originally, was Napoleon Bonaparte

question

thematic penetration

answer

stripping away all extraneous material to get to the core of a musical idea.

question

scherzo

answer

meaning joke. And while there is nothing particularly humorous about the mysterious and sometimes threatening sound of the scherzo of Beethoven's Symphony No. 5, it is very far removed from the elegant world of the courtly minuet. In ghost-like pizzicatos the conclusion disappears, rather than ends.

question

All of these statements about the "Pathétique" Sonata are correct EXCEPT for:

answer

The title "Pathétique" was intended to suggest French manners and moods.

question

With Beethoven's ________ , the genre moved from one played by amateur performers in their homes to become standard repertoire for professional musicians.

answer

piano sonatas

question

Which statement about Beethoven's Heiligenstadt Testament is most correct?

answer

- Its name derives from the village where Beethoven wrote the document. - It was written in despair over his impending deafness. - It is part last will and testament, part artistic manifesto. - In the document he admits that he considered suicide, but that his dedication to art (music) held him back from such a step.

question

Identify the phrase that does NOT apply to the "Eroica" symphony.

answer

The Austrian emperor asked Beethoven to change the title from "Bonaparte" to "Eroica"; Beethoven complied, but demanded an extra fee.

question

The "heroic" period is when Beethoven

answer

composed six of his nine symphonies

question

Which statement does NOT apply to Beethoven's Symphony No. 5?

answer

It is the first symphony to use theme and variations form as one of its movements.

question

Identify the response that does NOT apply to Beethoven's early biography.

answer

He toured northern Europe for three years and heard his first two symphonies performed in London when he was only eight years old.

question

Beethoven initially made his living in Vienna as a concert pianist, and in order to be acceptable to polite society he bought new clothes, found a wigmaker, and took dancing lessons

answer

TRUE

question

Which statement does NOT apply to Beethoven's style of playing the piano?

answer

His career as a virtuoso was cut short due to an injury to his right hand, but he thereafter focused his attention on writing sonatas for left-handed pianists.

question

Which response does NOT describe Beethoven's relationship with the Viennese aristocracy?

answer

He served as court composer to Joseph II of Austria.

question

Which statement about Beethoven's later years is WRONG?

answer

He made two visits to London where he was treated as a celebrity and awarded an honorary degree from Oxford.

question

Identify the INCORRECT statement about Ode to Joy.

answer

It is based on a text written by Voltaire, the Enlightenment philosopher.

question

All of the following statements are true about Beethoven's legacy EXCEPT:

answer

His music is inherently theatrical and perfectly suited to the genre of opera.

question

Which of the following statements is true about Beethoven's music?

answer

Beethoven embraced the use of Classical forms and genres in his music, but the spirit of his music is one that foreshadows the musical style of the Romantic era.

MUL Chap 7-10 – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards