12-4 Calorimetry – Flashcards
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The study of heat flow and heat measurement
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Calorimetry
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What do calorimetry experiments determine by making accurate measurements of temperature changes produced in a calorimeter?
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Enthalpy changes of reactions
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Latin for heat
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Calor
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The amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of the object by 1 degree celsius
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Heat capacity of an object
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What does the heat capacity of an object depend on?
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The object's mass and composition
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The heat capacity of 1 gram of a substance
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Specific heat
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What is the specific heat of liquid water?
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4.184 J/g*C
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What type of specific heat do metals have?
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Low specific heat
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What type of specific heat does water have?
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High specific heat
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What is q?
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Heat measurements made in a calorimeter
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Qrxn= ?
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=-Qsur
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Qsur= ?
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=m*c*(Tf-Ti)
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Chemical compounds that burn readily with the release of large amounts of heat energy
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Fuels
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Groups of compounds that contain the elements C,H, and O
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Carbohydrates and fats
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What type of enthalpies do carbohydrates and fats have?
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High enthalpies
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What type of enthalpies do combustion products (H2O and CO2) have?
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Low enthalpies
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What are the most common carbohydrates?
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Sugars and starches
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Why can't cellulose give the body energy?
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It can't be broken down
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How much energy does carbohydrates supply?
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17 kJ/g
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How much energy does fats supply?
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38 kJ/g
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A device operating as the surroundings of a RxN used to measure the heat changes produced by the system
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Calorimeter
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What does having a high specific heat mean?
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The substance can absorb a large amount of heat without reaching its boiling point
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What is m in Qsurr=m*c*(Tf-Ti)?
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Mass of water or surrounding fluid/material (grams)
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What is c in Qsurr=m*c*(Tf-Ti)?
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Specific heat of surrounding material (J/g*C)
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What is Tf-Ti in Qsurr=m*c*(Tf-Ti)?
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Change in temp- Final temp minus Initial temp
