APUSH Chapter 28: The Affluent Society – Flashcards
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1945-1960
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-GNP grew by 250% -unemployment remained low- below 5% -inflation was at around 3%
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causes of sability
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-govt. spending stimulated growth -economic growth was at its peak -baby boom -rapid expansion of suburbs- grew 47% -privately owned cars doubled- boom in automobile energy -roads/highways
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rise of the modern west
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-grew the most out of any region -west provided east with raw materials -federal spending/investment- projects that made economic development possible -automobile increase- rapid growth in petroleum industry and oil fields -climate- warm, dry, attractive
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keynesian economics
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-allowed govt. to regulate/stabilize economy without intruding in private sector -john maynard keyes -varying flow of spending/taxation/managing supply of currency
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new economics
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-Kennedy proposed tax cut to stimulate economic growth, later implemented by LBJ -RESULT- increase in private demand, stimulated economic growth, reduced unemployment
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postwar contract
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-strikes became less frequent -workers in large industries would receive wages/benefits and in returns, unions would refrain from raising other issues
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AFL CIO
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-american federal of labor and congress of industrial organizations MERGED -under george meaney
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antiobiotics
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-louis pasteur and jules-francois joubert -first conclusive evidence that virulent bacteria could by defeated by other bacteria
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penicillin
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-alexander fleming -antibacterial properties of an organism
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salk vaccine
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-jonas salk for polio -effective vaccine, provided free to public
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albert sabin
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-created vaccine 5 years later after salk with sugar cube, made widespread vaccination easier
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DDT
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-pesticide -harmless to humans, harmful to insects -later realized long term toxic effects
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1940s and 1950s
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developments in electronic technology
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UNIVAC
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-first significant computer of 1950s, -first computer to handle alphabetical and numerical information
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hydrogen bomb
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-1952 by US -US benefited from German scientists who immigrated to US
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sputnik
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-1957, first satellite in space -achievement was seen amazing in comparison to US failure
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NASA
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-1958 -mercury project- launched manned vehicle into space
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yuri gagarin
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first person in space
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apollo program
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-july 20, 1969 -armstrong was first man on moon
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consumer crazes
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-hula hoop -micket mouse club -disneyland
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federal highway act of 1956
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-25B for highway construction -linked city to city -encouraged movement of economic activities -increase in "edge cities"
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levittown
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-1960-1/3 nation was living in suburbs -mass production to build houses on long island -SAME STYLE of houses -importance of family life in suburbs
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gender roles enforced
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-family life emphasized that a woman should not have a job and should be full time at home
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beat generation
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-critics of middle class society
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elvis presley
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-rock n roll -push at the borders of conventional/acceptable -open sexuality -rock n roll drew from black rhythm/blues
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the other america
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-by michale harrington -continuing existence of poverty -1960- 1/5 were still in poverty -native americans- poorest group
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black urban migration
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-1940-1960- 3M moved from south to northern cities -decline of blue collar jobs, inadequate support for minorities, racism
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urban renewal
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-effort to tear down buildings in poor, degraded areas -provided new housing for poor residents
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brown v. board of education
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-rejected plessy v. ferguson -said desegregation was illegal
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massive resistance
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-south opposition
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montgomery bus boycott
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-rosa parks -formed car pools/walked -put economic pressure on the bus company/merchants -martin luther king jr. rose- non violence, gandhi, thoreau, christian doctrine
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reason for civil rights movement
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-legacy of WW2- millions of blacks served -growth of urban black middle class -tv increased consciousness of racism among blacks
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election of 1956
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einsenhower WON-
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1954
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-decline in mccarthyism -army-mccarthy hearings- seen as villian
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john foster dulles
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-einsenhower's secretary of state -massive retaliation- wanted to push soviet union to brink of war
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jan 1 1959
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rise of castro in cuba
