question

The biological and psychological models or theories of abnormality derived originally from the ancient Greek concept in which the:

answer

Mind was considered separate from the body

question

In an attempt to rid the body of the excessive humors thought to be causing psychological disorders, physicians throughout history have used treatments such as:

answer

Bloodletting

question

You have been asked to give a report on the mental hygiene movement and its foremost crusader Dorothea Dix, who campaigned for more humane treatment of the insane. After mentioning all of her accomplishments you note the unforeseen consequence of her efforts, namely:

answer

An increase in the number of mental patients resulting in insufficient staff to care for them

question

According to psychoanalytic theory, the ________ develops early in life to insure that we can adapt to the demands of the real world while still finding ways to meet our basic needs.

answer

The ego

question

Mrs. B. received a very poor rating by her supervisor who had been constantly criticizing her in front of her coworkers. When she got home, her kids ran up to greet her all talking at once. She responded by yelling: "Leave me alone! Can't you see I'm tired?" According to psychoanalytic theory, this is an example of the defense mechanism known as:

answer

Displacement

question

Most mental health professionals are aware that psychoanalysis as a treatment technique:

answer

Is basically unscientific

question

Someone you know has been having a lot of difficulty because of irrational fears. Knowing that you are studying abnormal psychology, this person asks if you know of an effective and well-established treatment. You advise her that ________, based on the mid 20th century work of Joseph Wolpe, is a successful anxiety reduction procedure.

answer

Systematic desensitization

question

Which of the following is NOT part of the definition of abnormal behavior? a) Behavior that is not typical. b) Behavior that is culturally expected. c) Distress or impairment in functioning. d) Psychological dysfunction.

answer

b) Behavior that is culturally expected

question

During his first visit to a clinical psychologist, David reports that he has come in because his friends are concerned about him. David says he has stopped going to school during the past month and has had trouble sleeping for the past two months. He also states that he is distressed over a recent break-up with his girlfriend. Which of the following is David's presenting problem? a) David has stopped attending school. b) All of these choices. c) David has had trouble sleeping. d) David has gone through a breakup

answer

b) all of these choices

question

The ________ describes the number of people in a population who have a disorder whereas the ________ describes how many new cases of a disorder occur within a given time period.

answer

Prevalence; Incidence

question

All of the following were considered treatments for psychological disorders during the Middle Ages EXCEPT:

answer

Limb amputation

question

During the Middle Ages, snake pits were built in many institutions to treat:

answer

Possession

question

Modern day followers of astrology are most similar in their beliefs to:

answer

Paracelsus

question

After the successful treatment of syphilis and malaria, many mental health professionals (incorrectly) assumed that all psychological disorders have biological causes and cures. Why did they believe this?

answer

Syphilis and malaria infections produced psychological symptoms, which went away when these diseases were treated biologically.

question

Hippocrates created several terms to refer to specific psychological symptoms or personality traits. Which of the following does NOT accurately pair a term with a symptom or trait?

answer

Sanguine = pessimistic

question

According to John Grey, mentally ill patients should be treated with:

answer

Rest and a healthy diet

question

Which of the following describes the order in which biological treatments for mental disorders were introduced?

answer

insulin therapy, electroconvulsive therapy, neuroleptic drug therapy

question

In the 1920s, the success of insulin therapy for treating psychosis was attributed to:

answer

The convulsions caused by high doses of insulin

question

All of the following are reasons that moral therapy and humane treatment declined after the middle of the 19th century EXCEPT:

answer

other therapies, including brain surgery and electroconvulsive therapy, became popular alternatives.

question

Sigmund Freud and ________ are credited with discovering the "unconscious mind".

answer

Joseph Breuer

question

Josef Breuer treated Anna O.'s "hysterical" symptoms using which of the following techniques?

answer

hypnosis and talking through each symptom

question

Which of the following is an example of the Freudian defense mechanism known as displacement?

answer

Adam is criticized by his teacher in front of other students. When he goes home, his dog runs to him, and Adam kicks the dog.

question

Before feeding her dog, Anna always gets his food out of the pantry. When she opens the pantry door, her dog begins to salivate. The dog's salivation is a(n):

answer

Conditioned response

question

BF Skinner introduced _________ where behavior can influence and change the environment

answer

Operant conditioning

question

Stages of psychosexual development according to Freud

answer

Oral, anal, phallic, latency, genital

question

If a baby won't stop crying when hungry, based on Freud, the part of the babys mind directing its behavior is?

answer

The id

question

__________ is the release of tension following the disclosure of emotional trauma, whereas __________ is the increased understanding of current feelings and past events

answer

Catharsis ; Insight

question

The 18th century concept of moral therapy included all of the following except

answer

Teaching institutionalized patients to be polite and have good values

question

During the middle ages all of the following were treatments for possession except

answer

A happy environment

question

Who most likely said "Insanity is almost always due to physical causes?"

answer

John Grey

question

Who thought the moon and stars had a big effect on peoples psychology?

answer

Paracelsus

question

Everyone is fine, then one person freaks out and then everyone else does, this is what?

answer

Emotion contagion

question

In the 14th and 15th century, what was viewed as an illness? a) possession b) despair c) lethargy d) anxiety

answer

Anxiety

question

Someone was diagnosed with depression and it went away but then came back, this is?

answer

Episodic depression

question

All of the following are part of a clinical description but a) causes b) feelings c) behaviors d) thoughts

answer

a) causes

question

Mental health professionals who take a scientific approach to their clinical work are called?

answer

Scientist practitioners

question

A psychological disorder is characterized by

answer

Cognitive, behavioral or emotional breakdown

question

Who provided the most treatment during the dark ages?

answer

The clergy

question

Manual for hunting witches

answer

Malleus Maleficarum

question

Credited with starting the reform of asylums in France

answer

Philip Pinel

question

In the 1920s Joseph von Meduna made an inaccurate observation that led to the development of ECT therapy

answer

Epileptics rarely have schizophrenia

question

What class of drugs diminish hallucinations and delusions?

answer

Neuroleptics

question

The 19th century concept of moral therapy included all but... A) reinforcing normal social interaction in institutionalized patients B) treating institutionalized patients as normally as possible C) giving institutionalized patients many opportunities for social contact D) teaching institutionalized patients to have good values and to be polite

answer

Teaching institutionalized patients to have good values and be polite

question

Started the mental hygiene movement

answer

Dorothea Dix

question

Created the notion of body humors imbalance as a cause of mental illness

answer

Hippocrates

question

Father of modern psycho diagnosis?

answer

Emil Kraepelin

question

First to demonstrate conditioning of a phobia

answer

John Watson

question

Started idea of treating mentally ill in hospitals

answer

Ben Rush

question

In the 19th century the biological tradition gained traction because of?

answer

Syphillis

question

Psychological disorders historically associated with a wandering uterus are called?

answer

Somatoform disorders

question

According to the authors of your textbook, the definition of a psychological disorder is associated with: stress impaired functioning culturally expected responses psychotic symptoms

answer

Impaired functioning

question

Which of the following is the least helpful for defining psychopathology? it is rare it is maladaptive it produces distress it lowers functioning

answer

It is rare

question

What degree does a psychiatrist earn?

answer

MD

question

The scientific study of psychological disorders is called: psychopathology psychoanalysis pseudoscience parapsychology

answer

Psychopathology

question

All of the following are ways in which mental health professionals might function as scientist-practitioners except : analyzing their own motivations and reasons for helping people with psychological problems evaluating their own assessments and treatments for effectiveness conducting research leading to new information about mental disorders and their treatments using the most current diagnostic and treatment procedures

answer

Analyzing their own motivations and reasons for helping people with psychological problems

question

"Developmental psychopathology" refers to the study of changes in: abnormal behavior normal behavior children's behavior, both normal and abnormal normal adolescent behavior

answer

abnormal behavior

question

Clinical psychologists use the term "presenting problem" to indicate the problem that: the patient thinks is most severe has lasted the longest amount of time the therapist thinks is most severe first brought the individual to therapy

answer

first brought the individual to therapy

question

Psychological disorders can be described as following a typical course or individual pattern. For example, schizophrenia follows a chronic course, while mood disorders, including depression, follow a(n) _____ course. episodic time-limited guarded insidious

answer

episodic

question

During the Middle Ages, as well as at other times, mentally ill people were sometimes forced to undergo the religious ritual called exorcism in order to: cure the mental illness by making the individual more religious build up muscle strength and make the person healthier rid the individual's body of evil spirits prove that the person was not a witch

answer

rid the individual's body of evil spirits

question

The "scientific" measurement of head bumps, called "phrenology," follows which historical tradition for understanding abnormal behavior? supernatural biological psychological none of these

answer

biological

question

The Greek physician Hippocrates (400 BC) suggested that psychological disorders could be negatively influenced by factors such as: family stress supernatural forces religion birth order

answer

family stress

question

In ancient Greece, a woman suffering from "hysteria" might be told that her condition could be cured by: marriage pregnancy childbirth divorce

answer

marriage

question

In the 19th century United States, John Gray, a well-known psychiatrist, believed that mental illness was due to: psychological factors physical causes social/environmental influences unknown influences

answer

physical causes

question

The first effective medications for severe psychotic disorders were developed in the: late 19th century early 20th century 1950s 1990s

answer

1950s

question

In the late 1800s, the emphasis on a biological cause of mental disorder resulted ironically in reduced interest in treatments for mental patients because it was thought that: physicians should devote more time to the physically ill patients would improve more rapidly if they were not hospitalized the hospital staff was not adequately trained to administer new treatments mental illness due to brain pathology was incurable

answer

mental illness due to brain pathology was incurable

question

Reforms to reduce oppressive conditions and provide real treatment in asylums were initiated in France under the direction of: Dix Rush Pinel Tuke

answer

Pinel

question

The rise of moral therapy and various studies of its effectiveness reveal that: it was ineffective the supportive social interaction was less important than meeting basic human needs, like clean living arrangements and improved nutrition it was most effective when coupled with punishment for inappropriate behavior it was sufficient to yield dramatic improvement in many patients.

answer

it was sufficient to yield dramatic improvement in many patients.

question

One hot and humid night, one of your friends suggests doing some really crazy things. You look up at the sky and say: "It must be the full moon." Your statement reflects the concept from which the word _____ is derived. lunatic idiot maniac psychopath

answer

lunatic

question

Induced vomiting was a 17th century treatment for depression. As described in Anatomy of Melancholy (1621), this could be accomplished by eating: raw meat ice coal tobacco

answer

tobacco

question

According to the authors of your textbook, the definition of a psychological disorder is associated with:

answer

Impaired functioning

question

Which of the following is the LEAST helpful for defining psychopathology?

answer

It is rare

question

The scientific study of psychological disorders is called: psychopathology psychoanalysis pseudoscience parapsychology

answer

Psychopathology

question

All of the following are ways in which mental health professionals might function as scientist-practitioners except : analyzing their own motivations and reasons for helping people with psychological problems evaluating their own assessments and treatments for effectiveness conducting research leading to new information about mental disorders and their treatments using the most current diagnostic and treatment procedures

answer

Analyzing their own motivations and reasons for helping people with psychological problems

question

"Developmental psychopathology" refers to the study of changes in: abnormal behavior normal behavior children's behavior, both normal and abnormal normal adolescent behavior

answer

abnormal behavior

question

Clinical psychologists use the term "presenting problem" to indicate the problem that: the patient thinks is most severe has lasted the longest amount of time the therapist thinks is most severe first brought the individual to therapy

answer

First brought them to therapy

question

Psychological disorders can be described as following a typical course or individual pattern. For example, schizophrenia follows a chronic course, while mood disorders, including depression, follow a(n) _____ course. episodic time-limited guarded insidious

answer

Episodic

question

During the Middle Ages, as well as at other times, mentally ill people were sometimes forced to undergo the religious ritual called exorcism in order to: cure the mental illness by making the individual more religious build up muscle strength and make the person healthier rid the individual's body of evil spirits prove that the person was not a witch

answer

rid the individual's body of evil spirits

question

The "scientific" measurement of head bumps, called "phrenology," follows which historical tradition for understanding abnormal behavior? supernatural biological psychological none of these

answer

Biological

question

The Greek physician Hippocrates (400 BC) suggested that psychological disorders could be negatively influenced by factors such as:

answer

Family stress

question

In ancient Greece, a woman suffering from "hysteria" might be told that her condition could be cured by:

answer

Marriage

question

In the 19th century United States, John Gray, a well-known psychiatrist, believed that mental illness was due to: psychological factors physical causes social/environmental influences unknown influences

answer

Physical Causes

question

The first effective medications for severe psychotic disorders were developed in the: late 19th century early 20th century 1950s 1990s

answer

1950s

question

In the late 1800s, the emphasis on a biological cause of mental disorder resulted ironically in reduced interest in treatments for mental patients because it was thought that: physicians should devote more time to the physically ill patients would improve more rapidly if they were not hospitalized the hospital staff was not adequately trained to administer new treatments mental illness due to brain pathology was incurable

answer

mental illness due to brain pathology was incurable

question

Reforms to reduce oppressive conditions and provide real treatment in asylums were initiated in France under the direction of: Dix Rush Pinel Tuke

answer

Pinel

question

The trend toward treating abnormal behavior as a branch of medicine and in hospitals instead of asylums began with _____, who treated mental disorders in a general medical hospital. Dix Rush Pinel Tuke

answer

Rush

question

The rise of moral therapy and various studies of its effectiveness reveal that: it was ineffective the supportive social interaction was less important than meeting basic human needs, like clean living arrangements and improved nutrition it was most effective when coupled with punishment for inappropriate behavior it was sufficient to yield dramatic improvement in many patients.

answer

it was sufficient to yield dramatic improvement in many patients.

question

One hot and humid night, one of your friends suggests doing some really crazy things. You look up at the sky and say: "It must be the full moon." Your statement reflects the concept from which the word _____ is derived. lunatic idiot maniac psychopath

answer

Lunatic

question

Induced vomiting was a 17th century treatment for depression. As described in Anatomy of Melancholy (1621), this could be accomplished by eating: raw meat ice coal tobacco

answer

Tobacco

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