CCRN Review – Flashcards
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Heart rate (HR)
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60-100 beats/min
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Mean arterial pressure (MAP)
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70-105 mmHg
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Cardiac output (CO)
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4-5 L/min
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Cardiac index (CI)
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2.5-4.5 L/min/m2
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Stroke volume (SV)
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50-100 ml/beat
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Stroke index (SI)
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35-60 ml/m2/beat
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Right arterial pressure (RAP)
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4-8 mmHg
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Pulmonary artery pressure (PAP)
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Systolic 15-30 mmHg Diastolic 5-15 mmHg
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Pulmonary artery occlusive pressure (PAOP)
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8-12 mmHg
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Systemic vascular resistance (SVR)
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800-1200 dynes/sec/cm-5
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Systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI)
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1970-2390 dynes/se/com-5/m2
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Pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR)
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100-250 dynes/sec/cm-5
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Pulmonary vascular resistance index (PVRI)
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255-285 dyens/sec/cim-5/m2
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Arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2)
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95-100%
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Venous oxygen saturation (SvO2)
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60-80%
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Delivery of oxygen (DO2)
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550-650 ml/min/m2
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Oxygen consumption (VO2)
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200-250 ml/min
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Inferior leads and artery - cardiac
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Lead II, III, aVF - RCA
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Anterior septal leads and artery - cardiac
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Lead V1, V2 - LM
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Anterior leads and artery - cardiac
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Lead V3, V4 - LAD
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Low lateral lead and artery - cardiac
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Lead V5, V6 - LCX
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High lateral lead - cardiac
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Lead I, aVL
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Symptoms of Left heart failure
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Orthopnea, dyspnea, crackles, Low PaO2, SaO2 & SpO2, S3 & S4, Increased PAOP & PA pressures
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Symptoms of Right heart failure
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JVD, Peripheral edema, Hepatomegaly, Increased CVP/RAP, S3 & S4
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Symptoms of Systolic heart failure
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Decreased stroke volume, decreased ejection fraction, S3 and enlarged heart
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Symptoms of Diastolic heart failure
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Decreased stroke volume, normal ejection fraction, S4, normal heart size
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Laboratory signs of DIC
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Decreased platelets Increased PT/INR Increased aPTT Decreased fibrinogen Increased FSP Increased D-Dimer
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Physical signs of DIC
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Hypotension, Petechia, Purpura, Bruising, Bleeding in oral, GI/GU, or pulmonary
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Chvostek's Sign
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Facial muscle twitching when cheek is tapped - Hypocalcemia
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Trousseau's Sign
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Spasming of the hand when the bp cuff is inflated beyong systolic pressure for >3 min - Hypocalcemia
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Grey Turner's Sign
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Bruising of the flanks, appearing as a blue discoloration - retroperitoneal bleed
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Cullen's Sign
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Superficial edema and bruising in the subcutaneous fatty tissue around the umbilicus - Intraperitoneal bleed
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Kehr's Sign
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Acute pain in the tip of the shoulder when a person is lying down and the legs are elevated - splenic rupture
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Calculation of anion gap
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(Na + K) - (CL + HCO3) *Cations - Anions Normal is < 15
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PaO2/FiO2 Ratio (P/F ratio)
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Measures the difference between oxygen content in PaO2 divided by the FiO2. Used to predict shunting and hypoxemia
