psychology 10 – Flashcards
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Social psychology is the scientific study of how a person's behavior, thoughts, and feelings are influenced by _______.
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other people around us
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Social psychology differs from psychology in its focus on ______.
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the influences of the social world in which we exist
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Which of the following is NOT a form of social influence?
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altruism
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The main task of the Solomon Asch studies was ____________________.
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judging line sizes
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Experiments showing the effects of group pressure on conformity were conducted by ______.
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Asch
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Which aspect of culture tends to decrease rates of conformity?
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high levels of societal dependence
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When members of a group give priority to the cohesiveness of the group over the facts of a situation, they are engaging in what social psychologists call ________.
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groupthink
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Behavior that is initiated or changed in response to a request, as opposed to a command or direct order, is an example of _______.
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compliance
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What term is used to describe compliance with an initial small request followed by compliance with a larger request?
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foot-in-the-door effect
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The tendency of people to comply with a second, lesser request after refusing a larger one is called the ______ technique.
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door-in-the-face
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Your textbook notes that while cults are notoriously difficult to get out of, or escape from, as many as _____ of cult members do eventually get out.
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90
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The study of obedience took on a renewed importance in the wake of ________.
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the atrocities committed by soldiers in Nazi Germany
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Which of the following terms is associated with social cognition?
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thinking about others
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A response, either positive or negative, toward a certain person, idea, object, or situation is called _____________.
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attitude
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An attitude has ______ major components.
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three
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What process describes the use of social influence to cause other people to change their attitudes and behavior?
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persuasion
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Expertise, attractiveness, and trustworthiness all relate to which factor of persuasion?
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source
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A state of emotional discomfort that occurs when a person's attitudes do not match the person's actions is called __________.
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cognitive dissonance
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Which term refers to a set of characteristics believed to be shared by all members of a particular group?
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stereotype
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Attributions are ________.
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explanations that account for one's own behaviors and/or the behaviors of others.
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When we make situational attributions, we are identifying the cause of an action as something _____.
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external
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What do social psychologists call the tendency to rely on internal characteristics for explanations of the behavior of others and to ignore the influence of the situation?
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fundamental attribution error
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The social group viewed as the one with which a person identifies is called a(n) ________.
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in-group
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What term do social psychologists use for the process of making people in an out-group responsible for the problems of people in the in-group?
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scapegoating
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The part of a person's self-concept that is based on his or her identification with a particular social group in society is called _____________.
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social identity
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When the expectations of one person bring about the expected behavior in another person, the expectation has become a(n) ______.
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self-fulfilling prophecy
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The classic Robber's Cave study showed that prejudice can be reduced by ________.
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cooperating to meet a mutually beneficial goal
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According to your textbook, which of the following is a primary reason why living in poverty is stressful?
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a lack of money for the basic necessities of life
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The stress resulting from the need to change and adapt to the dominant, or majority, culture is called ________.
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acculturation
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The method in which the minority person tries to maintain a sense of original cultural identity, while also trying to form a positive relationship with members of the dominant culture, is called ________.
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integration
