The Atmosphere – Flashcards
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Nitrogen
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78% of the atmosphere
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Oxygen
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21% of the atmosphere
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reflects radio waves
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ionosphere
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amount of radiation reflected
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40%
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amount of solar radiation reaching ground
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40%
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carbon dioxide
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needed for photosynthesis
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absorbs ultraviolet rays
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ozonosphere
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For study, the earth can be divided into three parts:
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lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere
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The major difference between oxygen and ozone is
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the number of atoms in a molecule
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The effect of the stratosphere being colder at the bottom than at the top is
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no vertical air movement
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The trapping of heat by carbon dioxide and water vapor is known as the
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greenhouse effect
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The waste products of respiration are water and:
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carbon dioxide
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The process by which plants make food is called:
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photosynthesis
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True or false: Exposure to radiation helps man to live longer.
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False
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True or false: The sun provides the main source of energy for many of the phenomena that occur on Earth.
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True
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The layer that is warmed from below by the ozonosphere is the
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mesosphere
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The hottest layer in the atmosphere is the
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thermosphere
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Radiation balance means that the amount of radiation gained by the atmosphere _____ the amount of heat lost to space.
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is equivalent to
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The atmosphere extends up to an altitude of about
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200 miles
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Half of the mass of the atmosphere is found below the altitude of ____ because the air is compressed by the ___of the overlying atmosphere.
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3 1/2 miles, weight
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Which gas is a major factor in causing storms?
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water vapor
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The atmospheric layer in which most weather occurs is the
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troposphere
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As you fly up through the tropopause into the stratosphere, what would you expect?
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temperature would remain constant, temperature would stop decreasing
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The temperature of the mesosphere decreases with altitude because it is
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heated from below by the ozone layer
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The atmospheric gases in the thermosphere are heated
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directly by the sun
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What practical function is provided by the ionosphere?
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permits worldwide radio communication
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The range of cosmic rays through visible light are included in the
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short-wave spectrum
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Exposure to excessive ultraviolet radiation can be harmful to your
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Body, health, and skin
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The rapid reduction in life spans after Noah's flood may be due to
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a change in the properties of the atmosphere, increase in radiation after the flood, reduction in shielding effects of the atmosphere
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The absence of meteorites within the Earth's rock layers indicates that:
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the rock strata are young, the rocks formed rapidly
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True or false :Plants are capable of using nitrogen directly from the atmosphere.
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False
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True or false; Only plants are capable of making protein directly from nitrates.
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True
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Nitrogen fixation is a process that changes nitrogen within plants and soil into
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nitrogen compounds
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Plants use nitrates to form
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protein
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denitrification
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release of nitrogen from nitrogen compounds
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bacteria and plants
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necessary organisms in nitrogen cycle
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man and animals
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use plant protein
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respiration
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process of obtaining energy from food
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water droplets
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forms as water vapor condenses
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Carbon dioxide is kept at a constant level by an exchange between the atmosphere and
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the oceans
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The two basic processes of life involved in the carbon-oxygen cycle are
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respiration and photosynthesis
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Man returns carbon stored in fossil fuels to the carbon-oxygen cycle by burning
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coal and oil
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The process of changing a gas to a liquid is known as
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precipitation
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The process of changing a liquid to a gas is called:
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evaporation
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Heat is necessary for water to
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evaporate
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True or False: Transpiration is evaporation from plants?
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True
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Rain falls when the suspended water droplets become too ____
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Heavy
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Numerous microscopic water droplets which have condensed on dust and float in the air form
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Clouds
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How does precipitation eventually return to the oceans?
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Surface run-off, ground water, icebergs, direct precipitation, rain
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True or False: The atmosphere stores much more carbon dioxide than the oceans.
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False
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Coal, oil, and natural gas are formed from _____ (mostly play and animal) remains as a result of a ____ burial.
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organic, rapid
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All animals and man receive carbon from
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consuming food
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All the natural cycles of the earth are
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related/interrelated
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Nitrogen in plants and soil is changed into nitrogen compounds by
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nitrogen fixation
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Carbon dioxide is changed into carbon-containing foods by the process of:
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Photosynthesis
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Ultraviolet rays are absorbed by the
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ozonosphere
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Foods containing carbon are converted to carbon dioxide and energy by a process called
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respiration
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The largest source of air pollution is
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automobiles
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Carbon monoxide is formed when fuels are burned
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without enough oxygen
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Electric power plants are the main source of
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particle pollution
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interfering with the transpiration of oxygen and dulling the mental performance of a person are two of the effects of
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carbon monoxide
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God gave man the responsibility to rule the Earth in
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Genesis 1:26
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The oceans, living things, and rocks serve as reservoirs to regulate the
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Carbon-oxygen cycle
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The three primary sources of air pollution are
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cars, factories, electric power plants
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the three primary pollutant gases are
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carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide
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The automobile engine is the largest source of ______ gas.
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carbon monoxide
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___ rain has an adverse effect on aquatic life in lakes and streams and can also ____ steel buildings and statues
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Acid, erode
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What is the effect on pollution when cold air becomes trapped under warm air?
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More pollutants accumulate
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True or False: At this time it is uncertain whether temperature data indicate that the earth's atmosphere is becoming warmer
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True
