question

Trephining

answer

Chipping a hole in the skull to let the demons out

question

Hippocrates proposed that

answer

Physical and psychological disorders result from imbalances among the 4 humors (liquids) of the body

question

During what centuries were those who suffered from psychological disorders accused of being witches?

answer

16th and 17th

question

Memser utilized "____________ "as a form of therapy to treat patients which eventually evolved into ___________

answer

Magnetism, hypnotism

question

Primary prevention

answer

Designed to prevent disorders from occurring

question

Examples of primary prevention

answer

Workshops on stress reduction or community recreation programs

question

Secondary prevention

answer

Designed to detect existing disorders and provide treatment at early stages

question

Examples of secondary prevention

answer

A crisis telephone line for individuals experiencing extreme stress

question

Tertiary prevention

answer

Reduce the damage caused by disorders for both the patients and society

question

Examples of tertiary prevention

answer

An after-care program for former patients of psychiatric hospitals

question

Biomedical therapies

answer

A set of treatments for mental illnesses that include drugs, psychosurgery and electroconvulsive therapy

question

Psychological therapies

answer

Treatment for psychological disorders such as psychotherapy or therapies based on classical or operant conditioning principles

question

Psychotherapy

answer

A special relationship between a distressed person and a trained therapist in which the therapist aids the client in developing awareness and changing his or her thinking, feeling and behavior

question

Therapist

answer

Encompasses a diverse group of people with different backgrounds working in the mental health profession

question

5 stages of therapy

answer

1) Introduction: the therapist and client meet and begin the process of building rapport 2) Goal-setting: Identify and describe the presenting problem and begin a strategy to intervene and thus alter the issue 3) Intervention: client and therapist work collaboratively to implement the strategy 4) Evaluation: assess how well the therapy has gone thus far 5) Termination: end of therapy, sometimes accompanied by follow-up appointments

question

Psychoanalytic therapy

answer

Treatment of maladaptive behavior developed by Freud; its goal is to uncover conscious conflicts and feelings and bring them to conscious level

question

Free association

answer

A psychonanalytic technique in which the patient is asked to say whatever comes to mind without censoring anything

question

Resistance

answer

Occurs during free association when the patient's flow of words and thoughts stops; cessation of associations might indicate that defense mechanisms of repression is operating to protect the ego

question

Transference

answer

In psychoanalysis, the patient's positive or negative reaction tot he therapist, which is believed to reflect the patient's relationship to a significant person outside of therapy

question

Humanistic therapy

answer

Therapies that emphasize the present and the ablity of the client to solve their own problems once they are able to accept themselves

question

Client-centered therapy was developed by

answer

Carl Rogers

question

Client-centered therapy

answer

Therapy designed to create an environment in which the client is able to find solutions to his or her problems

question

Cognitive therapy

answer

Therapies designed to change cognitions in order to eliminate maladaptive behaviors

question

Rational-emotive behavior therapy

answer

A cognitive therapy in which the therapist challenges and questions the client's irrational ideas

question

Which therapy utilizes Ellis' ABC framework?

answer

Rational-emotive behavior therapy

question

ABC framework

answer

A: activating event related to an important desire, goal or preference B: the belief, usually related to failure to attain the goal, that follows the activating event C: consequences, feelings of anger, anxiety, and depression

question

Systematic desensitization

answer

A behavioral technique based on classical conditioning that is used to treat phobias; the technique usually combines training in relaxation with exposure to imagined scenes related to a phobia

question

Cognitive behavior therapy

answer

Therapeutic approach that consciously combines behavioral and cognitive therapies and practices

question

Group therapyy

answer

Clients discuss problems in groups that may include individuals with similar problems

question

Common features of group therapies

answer

Self-disclosure, acceptance and support, norm clarification, social learning, vicarious learning, self-understanding

question

Eysenck's conclusion on the effectiveness of psychotherapy

answer

Psychotherapy clients are just as likely to improve without treatmentn

question

Pharmacotherapy

answer

Focuses on the biological underpinnings of a disorder

question

Antianxiety drugs

answer

Minor tranquillizers, such as the benzodiazepines, used to reduce anxiety, usually be increasing the ability of the neurotransmitter GABA to bind at synapses

question

3 categories of anti-depression drugs

answer

Tricyclic antidepressants, MAO inhibitors, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors

question

Tricyclic antidepressants

answer

Prevent the reuptake of norepinephrien and serotonin

question

MAO inhibitors

answer

Prevent an enzyme from breaking down norepinephrine and serotonin

question

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors

answer

Reduce the reuptake of serotonin

question

Prozac is a

answer

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor

question

Antipsychotic drugs

answer

Drugs that reduce the syptoms of schizophrenia by blocking dopamine receptoors in the brain; the typical drug works by blocking dopamine while atypical drugs also block serotonin

question

Serious adverse side effect of antipsychotic drugs

answer

Tardive dyskinesia

question

Tardive dyskinesia

answer

Involuntary movements of the facial muscles, tongue, and limbs; a possible neurotoxic side effect of long-term use of antipsychotic drugs that target certain dopamine receptors

question

Electroconvulsive therapy

answer

Biomedical treatment in which electric current is passed through the brain to induce a seizure

question

Electroconvulsive therapy is used most often to treat

answer

Severe depression

question

How did the Greeks view psychological disorders?

answer

They offered naturalistic explanations for the disorders

question

The community mental health movement placed the greatest emphasis on

answer

Preventing mental illness

question

A group of women who have been victims of rape establish a crisis line for rape victims. What type of prevention program does this represent?

answer

Secondary

question

What is the primary goal of psychoanalytic therapy?

answer

To help patients develop insight into their behaviors

question

According to humanistic therapies, what types of clients are better able to resolve their own problems?

answer

Clients who are more accepting

question

Judy's therapist listens to hehr without interrupting, never evaluating or judging her. This therapist is demonstrating

answer

Unconditional positive regard

question

Which therapy is based on the assumption that our emotional responses are an outgrowth of our cognitions?

answer

Rational-emotive

question

Beck's cognitive therapy is used primarily to treat

answer

Depression

question

What do behavior therapists see as the cause of maladaptive behaviors?

answer

Learning

question

Which form of therapy is the preferred treatment for phobias?

answer

Behavioral

question

What is the major class of antianxiety drugs such as Valium?

answer

Benzodiazepines

question

What is the most serious side effect of treatment with clozapine?

answer

Inability to manufacture white blood cells

question

For which disorder was ECT originally developed?

answer

Schizophrenia

Chapter 13: Therapy – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards