Imperialism Case Study: Nigeria – Flashcards
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1884-85
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Berlin Conference
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largely European war with some black South Africans
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Boer War
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new period of... 18th and 19th centuries were different from 15th and 16th centuries
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imperialism
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four forms of colonial control
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colony, protectorate, sphere of influence, and economic imperialism
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Britain, USA, and others prefered this method of day to day management of the colony
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indirect
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France and most European countries prefered this method of day to day management of the colony
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direct
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indirect control relied on this. each colony had a legislative council that included colonial officials as well as local merchants and professionals. this happened in the British colonies of Australia and Canada and in the 1890s in the USA controlling the Philippines
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existing political rulers
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paternalism
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the attitude (of a person or a government) that subordinates should be controlled in a fatherly way for their own good
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Europeans brought in their own bureaucrats and did not train local people in European methods of governing because they believed in ________ control
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direct control
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assimilation
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the process by which the local populations gradually adopted French culture and become like the French. all local schools, courts, and businesses were patterned after French institutions
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policy that the French settled for in most places after abandoning assimilation, similar to indirect control
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association
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number of ethnic groups in Nigeria
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250
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three largest ethnic groups in Nigeria
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the Hausa- Fulani in the north, the Yoruba in the southwest, and the Igbo in the southeast
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Hausa-Fulani religion and government systems
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Muslim, strong central government
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Igbo and Yoruba religion and government systems
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followed traditional religions and relied on local chiefs for control
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number of years Algeria resisted French rule
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50 years
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leader of West African resistance against the French, fought them off for 16 years
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Samori Toure
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Maji Maji rebellion
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Africans believed that if they sprinkled magic water on them then it would turn the Germans' bullets into water (unsuccessful resistance) over 20 different ethnic groups fought united
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number killed by German machine guns during Maji Maji rebellion
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75,000 resisters, twice that number perished in famine that followed
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only country that successfully resisted Europeans
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Ethiopia
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emperor of Ethiopia starting in 1889 that lead resistance
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Menelik II
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country that signed a treaty with Ethiopia
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Italy
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reason Menelik declared war on Italian forces advancing into northern Ethiopia
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differences between the wording in the treaty in the Ethiopian and language and in Italian, Menelik thought he was giving up a tiny portion of Ethiopia, Italians claimed all of it
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battle in 1896 when Ethiopian forces defeated Italians
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Battle of Adowa- 1896
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this leader built up a large arsenal of modern weapons purchased from France and Russia
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Menelik II
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negative effects of European colonial rule on Africans
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lost control of their land many died of new diseases such as smallpox breakdown of traditional cultures division of the African continent
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positive effects of European colonial rule on Africans
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reduced local warfare improved sanitation and provided hospitals and schools in some places economic expansion railroads, dams, telephone and telegraph lines were built
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colony
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a country or a territory governed internally by a foreign power
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protectorate
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a country or territory with its own internal government but under the control of an outside power
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sphere of influence
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an area in which an outside power claims exclusive investment or trading privileges
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economic imperialism
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an independent but less-developed country controlled by private business interests rather than other governments
