Atomic Structure and Nuclear Equations – Flashcards
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the number of protons in the nucleus and the number of electrons in a neutral atom
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What information is gained from knowing an atoms atomic number
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atomic mass is the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the atom. Average atomic mass is a weighted average taking in account the percent abundance of each isotope and each isotopes individual mass
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How does atomic mass differ from average atomic mass
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atoms of the same element ( same numbers of protons) with different numbers of neutrons
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What is an isotope
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when an unstable nuclei gives off matter or energy to become more stable
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What is radioactive decay
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when a nucleus gives off a Helium nuclei
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What is an alpha decay
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when the nucleus ejects an electron ( a neutron breaks down spitting out the electron and leaving behind a proton
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What is a beta decay
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when a nucleus gives off energy to become more stable
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What is a gamma decay
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the numbers on the top ( atomic mass) have to add up on either side of the arrow and the numbers on the bottom ( atomic number) must also add up on either side of the arrow
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How do you balance nuclear equations
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The time is takes for one half of a radioactive sample to break down into its daughter nuclei
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What is half-life
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proton
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What is heavier a proton or an electron
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neutral
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All atoms are electrically
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45 neutrons
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If an atoms mass is 100 and it has 55 protons how many neutrons are in this atom
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55 electrons ; the number of electrons must match the number of protons in a neutral atom
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If an atoms mass is 100 and it has 55 protons how many electrons are in a neutral atom
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masses; number of neutrons
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Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have different
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gamma rays
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The most penetrating form of radiation is
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alpha particles
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The least penetrating form of radiation is
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alpha particles
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Which nuclear particle can be stopped by a sheet of paper
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Beta particles
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Which nuclear particle can pass through paper but is stopped by a sheet of Aluminum foil
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gamma rays
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Which nuclear particle can only be stopped by a minimum of 6 feet of concrete or 6 inches of lead sheeting
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beta particles
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Which nuclear particle is the same as an electron
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gamma rays
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Which nuclear particle has no mass and only energy
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alpha particles
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Which nuclear particle is the heaviest
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when particles released from one decay cause another decay to occur.
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What is a nuclear chain reactions
