Apex PS Chapter 24 Vocabulary Nuclear Chemistry – Flashcards
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alpha particle
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a type of nuclear radiation consisting of two protons and two neutrons
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beta particle
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a high-speed electron or positron emitted in the decay of a radioactive isotope
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gamma ray
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high-energy radiation that has no electrical charge and no mass,
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half life
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the period of time in which half of a radioactive substance decays
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nuclide
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a nucleus of a specific isotope of an element
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nuclear fission
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process in which a massive nucleus is split into smaller nuclei
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nuclear fusion
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process in which two small atomic nuclei combine to form a larger nucleus
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radioactivity
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the emission of high energy waves or particles from the nucleus of an atom
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nuclear waste
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radioactive material produced by nuclear power plants
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chain reaction
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a series of nuclear reactions in which the product of one reaction is a reactant in the next reaction
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nuclear reactor
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uses the energy from controlled nuclear reactions to generate electricity
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tracer
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a radioactive isotope used in medical tests
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transmutation
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the change of one chemical element into another by nuclear decay
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isotope
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atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons
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geiger counter
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a radiation detector that produces a click or flash of light when a radioactive particle is detected
