question

(H+)

answer

Hydrogen ion, most chemically reactive ion known

question

(OH-)

answer

hydroxide ion

question

1%

answer

Phosphorus makes up 1% of the elements included in the human body

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1.5%

answer

Calcium makes up 1.5% of the elements in the human body

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18.5%

answer

Carbon makes up 18.5% of the elements in the human body. It is part of the 4 main elements in the human body.

question

3.3%

answer

Nitrogen makes up 3.3% of the elements in the human body and is one of the 4 main elements in the human body.

question

65%

answer

Oxygen makes up 65% of the elements in the human body and is the most abundant element in the body.

question

9.56%

answer

Hydrogen makes up 9.56% of the elements in the human body and is part of the 4 main elements in the body.

question

acid precipitation

answer

rain containing acids that form in the atmosphere when industrial gas emissions (especially sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides) combine with water

question

241 americium

answer

found in smoke detectors

question

amu

answer

atomic mass unit

question

anion

answer

negative ion

question

argon

answer

one of the inert elements

question

atom

answer

basic unit of matter

question

atomic mass unit

answer

amu

question

1/1836 amu

answer

mass of an electron

question

atomic number

answer

number of protons in the nucleus of an atom

question

atomos

answer

Greek for atom, means unable to cut

question

basic unit of matter

answer

atom

question

beta particle

answer

electron, need a shield to protect yourself

question

bromine

answer

one of the most common elements that are ;iquid at room temperature

question

carbon 14

answer

mainly used for carbon dating

question

cation

answer

positive ion

question

Cesium 137

answer

used in moisture-density gauges, level gauges, and thickness gauges

question

chemical bonding

answer

process where interactions of individual atoms in chemical compounds involve the combining of atoms of elements

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chemical compounds

answer

formed by the interactions of individual atoms

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base

answer

compounds that release hydroxide ions into solution

question

chemical equation

answer

a way to describe a chemical reaction using chemical formulas and other symbols

question

chemical formula

answer

a combination of chemical symbols and numbers to represent a substance

question

chemical properties

answer

determined by the number of electrons in the outermost energy shell

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chemical reaction

answer

any process in which a chemical change occurs. Some occur quickly (Hydrogen gas ignited in presence of oxygen) , others occur slowly (oxygen and iron to form rust)

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Cherenkov radiation

answer

has a blue effect

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cohesion

answer

property that is caused by hydrogen bonds causing molecule to stick together

question

covalent bond

answer

results when atoms share outershell electron

question

deuterium

answer

isotope of hydrogen thay has 1 proton and i neutron in the nucleus

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diatomic elements

answer

hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine

question

bromine

answer

a diatomic element

question

decomposition

answer

one of the 4 chemical reactions when a compound breaks down into 2 or more simpler substances

question

double displacement

answer

one of the chemical reactions when the positive and negative portions of 2 or more ionic compounds interchange

question

alpha particle

answer

helium nuclei

question

egg white

answer

an irreversible colloid

question

cytoplasm

answer

an irreversible colloid

question

electron

answer

negatively charged particle with a mass of about 1/1836 amu

question

electron cloud

answer

region around nucleus of an atom where electrons are found

question

electron shells

answer

where the electron occurs in the energy levels

question

electronegativity

answer

attraction for shared electrons

question

elements

answer

combine to form compounds

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empirical formula

answer

one way of writing a formula (CH4) it is a combination of chemical symbols and numbers that indicate which elements and how many atoms of each element are present in a molecule

question

energy levels

answer

where the electrons travel outside the nucleus at high speeds

question

erythropoiesis

answer

manufacturing of red blood cells, uses Iron- 59

question

gamma radiation

answer

radiant energy

question

gas

answer

particles are moving the fastest. some elements that are gas at room temp are oxygen, nitrogen, and chlorine

question

Gel

answer

semisolid phase of a colloid

question

goiter

answer

abnormally enlarged thyroid gland. involved with Iodine- 131

question

HCI

answer

hydrochloric acid

question

heat

answer

energy associated with movement

question

helium

answer

one of the inert elements

question

high-speed electrons

answer

travel in the energy levels

question

hydrogen

answer

makes up 9.56% of the elements in the body, it is diatomic

question

hydrogen bond

answer

weak the positively charged region is always a hydrogen atom, the bond is called this. Make liquid water cohesive

question

hydrogen ion

answer

always positive, a protium is most common form of hydrogen; has 1 proton and no neutron. Then there is Deuterium, and Tritium

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hydroxide ion

answer

OH-

question

inert elements

answer

elements that do not form chemical bonds

question

ion

answer

atom or molecule with electrical charge resulting from gain/loss of electrons

question

ionic bond

answer

attraction that holds ions together

question

iron- 59

answer

used to study blood circulation as well as simultaneous measurement of plasma and red cell volume. Erythropeisis- manufacturing of red blood cells

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irreversible colloid

answer

when a sol cannot change to a gel and back to a sol again

question

isotope

answer

atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons but different number of neutrons

question

Jello

answer

example of a reversible colloid

question

krypton

answer

one of the inert elements

question

liquid

answer

particles move faster than solid but slower than gas. Some elements that are liquid at from temp are mercury and bromine

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mass number

answer

total number of protons and neutrons

question

matter

answer

anything that occupies space and has mass. has physical properties

question

mercury

answer

liquid at room temperature

question

mixture

answer

nonchemical combination of 2 or more substances

question

molecular formula

answer

one way of saying chemical formula

question

molecule

answer

formed when atoms are held by covalent bonds

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MRI

answer

Magnetic Resonance imaging used in Xenon 129.

question

Neon

answer

one of the inert elements

question

neutron

answer

in the nucleus, neutral charge

question

Nitrogen

answer

makes up 3.3% of elements in the human body.

question

non-polar covalent bonds

answer

bonds formed when molecules of only 1 element has a pull toward each atom is equal because each atom has the same electronegativity

question

oxygen

answer

makes up 65% of the elements in the human body

question

PET scan

answer

an imaging instrument uses positron-emission tomography (PET) the detects location of injected radioactive materials

question

pH scale

answer

scale from 0 to 14, 0 being the most acidic to 14 being the most basic. water is 7.

question

phase reversal

answer

changing of a sol to a gel or a gel to a sol

question

phases of matter

answer

solid, liquid, gas

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physical properties

answer

can be observed, and measured without permanently changing the identity of the matter

question

polar covalent bond

answer

when the electronegativity of atoms is different so shared electrons spend more time on one side. example- hydrogen and oxygen. oxygen = negative, hydrogen = positive

question

polar molecules

answer

molecules with an unequal distribution of charges

question

protium

answer

most common form of hydrogen. 1 proton, no neutrons

question

proton

answer

particle in the nucleus with a positive charge

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helium nuclei

answer

alpha particle

question

cold pasteurization

answer

kills germs

question

fluorine

answer

diatomic

question

dissociation

answer

separation of ion pairs in a solution

question

radiation

answer

nuclei of some atoms are unstable and will, from time to time break down, releasing matter and/or energy that is called radiation

question

radioactive

answer

atoms that emit radiation

question

radiotherapy

answer

uses cobalt- 60

question

radon

answer

one of the inert elements

question

reversible colloid

answer

when a sol can change into a gel and back to a sol

question

saturated

answer

maximum amount of a solute in a solution

question

single displacement

answer

one of the chemical reactions when 1 atom takes place of another atom in compound

question

smoke detectors

answer

have americium - 241

question

SNAP

answer

systems for nuclear auxiliary power. Involved with Strontium- 90

question

sodium 24

answer

used for studying electro lights, used to find leaking pipes

question

sol

answer

fluid phase of a colloid

question

solid

answer

particles move slowest in a solid, most elements are solid in room temperature- carbon, sulfur, sodium, calcium, and potassium

question

solute

answer

thing being dissolved

question

solution

answer

a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances

question

solvent

answer

the dissolver (water)

question

states of matter

answer

solid, liquid, and gas

question

strontium 90

answer

SNAP- systems for nuclear auxiliary power, used for generating heat

question

subatomic particles

answer

protons and neutrons

question

sublimation

answer

change from a solid to a gas without becoming a liquid

question

super-saturated

answer

solution that is given more than the possible amount of solute. in order to do this u can heat it up

question

surface tension

answer

measure of how difficult it is to break surface of a liquid

question

synthesis

answer

combining parts into a whole

question

temperature

answer

measures intensity of heat

question

tracer

answer

a radioactive element whose pathway through the steps of a chemical reaction can be followed

question

Tritium

answer

hydrogen isotope that has 1 proton and 2 neutrons

question

unreactive elements

answer

inert elements, they are very stable so they do not form chemical bonds

question

very stable elements

answer

unreactive, inert

question

xenon

answer

inert element

question

xenon 129

answer

used in MRI's. Magnetic resonance imaging

question

Xenon 133

answer

used in imaging soft tissue, ussed for cerebral imaging

question

Iodine 123

answer

medical imaging

question

Iodine 131

answer

diagnoses and treats thyroid problems

question

Iodine 124

answer

immunotherapy

question

Iodine 125

answer

treats cancerous tissue

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