general psychology quiz 1 study guide – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
behavioral genetics
answer
studies the inheritance of traits related to behavior
question
behavioral neuroscience
answer
examines the biological basis of behavior
question
clinical psychology
answer
deals with the study, diagnosis, and treatment of psychological disorders
question
clinical neuropsychology
answer
unites the areas of biopsychology and clinical psychology, focusing on the relationship between biological factors and psychological disorders
question
cognitive psychology
answer
focuses on the study of higher mental processes
question
counseling psychology
answer
focuses primarily on educational, social, and career adjustment problems
question
cross-cultural psychology
answer
investigates the similarities and differences in psychological functioning in and across various cultures and ethnic groups
question
developmental psychology
answer
examines how people grow and change from the moment of conception through death, "womb to tomb"
question
educational psychology
answer
concerned with teaching and learning processes, such as the relationship between motivation and school performance
question
environmental psychology
answer
considers the relationship between people and their physical environment.
question
evolutionary psychology
answer
considers how behavior is influenced by our genetic inheritance from our ancestors
question
experimental psychology
answer
studies the processes of sensing, perceiving, learning, and thinking about the world
question
forensic psychology
answer
focuses on legal issues, such as determining the accuracy of witness memories
question
health psychology
answer
explores the relationship between psychological factors and physical ailments or disease
question
industrial/organizational psychology
answer
concerned with the psychology of the workplace
question
personality psychology
answer
focuses on the consistency in people's behavior over time and the traits that differentiate one person from another
question
program evaluation
answer
focuses on assessing large-scale programs to determine whether they are effective in meeting their goals
question
psychology of women
answer
focuses on issues such as discrimination against women and the causes of violence against women
question
school psychology
answer
counseling children in elementary/secondary schools who have academic or emotional problems
question
social psychology
answer
study of how people's thoughts, feelings, and actions are affected by others
question
sport psychology
answer
applies psychology to athletic activity and exercise
question
list the five perspectives of psychology
answer
psychodynamic, behavioralism, cognitive, humanistic, neuroscience
question
psychodynamic
answer
begun by Freud, believes behavior is motivated by inner, unconscious forces over which a person has little control
question
behavioralism
answer
focuses on observable behavior
question
cognitive
answer
examines how people understand and think about the world
question
humanistic
answer
contends that people can control their behavior and that they naturally try to reach their full potential, believe all people are good at their core
question
neuroscience
answer
views behavior from the perspective of biological functioning
question
list the five key debates of psychology
answer
nature vs nurture, conscious vs unconscious determinants of behavior, observable behavior vs internal mental processes, free will vs determinism, individual differences vs universal principles
question
what question is asked with the issue of nature vs nurture?
answer
are we affected more by the way we come into the world or what happens to us once we're here?
question
what question is asked with the issue of conscious vs unconscious determinants of behavior?
answer
are we always aware of why we do things?
question
what question is asked with the issue of observable behavior vs internal mental processes?
answer
should we only focus on how a person behaves or should we also focus on what makes them behave that way? (upbringing, thoughts, feelings, values, etc.)
question
what question is asked with the issue of free will vs determinism?
answer
are we in charge of our own destinies/futures or is everything predestined?
question
what question is asked with the issue of individual differences vs universal principles?
answer
should we look at what makes each person unique or should we focus on how we are all the same?
question
control group
answer
group which receives no treatment
question
experimental
answer
any group which receives a treatment
question
independent variable
answer
variable that is manipulated by an experimenter
question
dependent variable
answer
variable that is measured in an experiment, expected to change as a result of manipulation on independent variable
question
hawthorne effect
answer
people change their behavior when they know they are being observed, observing the experiment influences the results
