question

Italian Renaissance

answer

The Italian Renaissance was the earliest manifestation of the general European Renaissance, a period of great cultural change and achievement that began in Italy during the 14th century and lasted until the 16th century, marking the transition between Medieval and Early Modern Europe

question

Jacob Burckhart

answer

He is known as one of the major progenitors of cultural history.[1] Siegfried Giedion described Burckhardt's achievement in the following terms: "The great discoverer of the age of the Renaissance, he first showed how a period should be treated in its entirety, with regard not only for its painting, sculpture and architecture, but for the social institutions of its daily life as well."Burckhardt's best known work is The Civilization of the Renaissance in Italy (1860)

question

City-States

answer

a city that with its surrounding territory forms an independent state.

question

Signori

answer

a title or form of address used of or to an Italian-speaking man, corresponding to Mr. or sir

question

Oligarchies

answer

a small group of people having control of a country, organization, or institution

question

Commenda System

answer

Contract between merchant and "merchant-adventurer" who agreed to take goods to distant locations no return with the proceeds (for 1/3 of the profits)

question

Condotierri

answer

a leader or a member of a troop of mercenaries

question

Republic of Florence

answer

The Republic of Florence, or the Florentine Republic, was a city-state that was centered on the city of Florence

question

Medici Family

answer

The House of Medici was a political dynasty, banking family and later royal house that first began to gather prominence under Cosimo de' Medici in the Republic of Florence during the late 14th century

question

Cosimo de' Medici

answer

Cosimo di Giovanni de' Medici was the first of the Medici political dynasty, de facto rulers of Florence during much of the Italian Renaissance; also known as "Cosimo 'the Elder'" and "Cosimo Pater Patriae"

question

Lorenzo de' Medici (the Magnificent)

answer

Lorenzo de' Medici was an Italian statesman and de facto ruler of the Florentine Republic during the Italian Renaissance

question

Duchy of Milan

answer

The Duchy of Milan was a constituent state of the Holy Roman Empire in northern Italy

question

Sforza Family

answer

Sforza was a ruling family of Renaissance Italy, based in Milan

question

Peace of Lodi, 1454

answer

The Treaty of Lodi, also known as the Peace of Lodi was a peace agreement between Milan, Naples, and Florence

question

Republic of Venice

answer

The Republic of Venice was a state originating from the city of Venice in Northeastern Italy

question

Papal States

answer

The Papal States were territories in the Italian Peninsula under the sovereign direct rule of the pop

question

Naples, Kingdom of the Two Sicilies

answer

The Kingdom of the Two Sicilies lasted from 1816 until 1860, when it was annexed by the Kingdom of Sardinia, which eventually became the Kingdom of Italy in 1861. The capital of The Two Sicilies was in Naples and was commonly referred to in English as the "Kingdom of Naples"

question

Charles VIII

answer

a monarch of the House of Valois who ruled as King of France from 1483 to his death in 1498

question

Girolamo Savonarola

answer

Girolamo Savonarola was an Italian Dominican friar and preacher active in Renaissance Florence, and known for his prophecies of civic glory and calls for Christian renewal

question

Machiavelli, The Prince

answer

...

question

Cesare Borgia

answer

Cesare Borgia, Duke of Valentinois, was an Italian condottiero, nobleman, politician, and cardinal. He was the son of Pope Alexander VI

question

Sack of Rome, 1527

answer

The Sack of Rome on 6 May 1527 was a military event carried out by the mutinous troops of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor in Rome, then part of the Papal States.

question

Charles V

answer

Charles V was ruler of the Holy Roman Empire from 1519 and, as Charles I, of the Spanish Empire from 1516

question

Humanism

answer

cultural movement that turned away from medieval scholasticism and revived interest in ancient Greek and Roman thought.

question

Civic Humanism

answer

Civic humanism is the modern term for the moral, social and political philosophy that in the course of the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries began to be articulated in Italian city-states and most notably in Florence

question

Petrarch

answer

Francesco Petrarca, commonly anglicized as Petrarch, was an Italian scholar and poet in Renaissance Italy, and one of the earliest humanists. Petrarch's rediscovery of Cicero's letters is often credited for initiating the 14th-century Renaissance

question

Boccaccio, Decameron

answer

...

question

Leonardo Bruni

answer

Leonardo Bruni was an Italian humanist, historian and statesman. He has been called the first modern historian

question

Lorenzo Valla

answer

Lorenzo Valla was an Italian humanist, rhetorician, and educator. He is best known for his textual analysis that proved that the Donation of Constantine was a forgery

question

Latin Vulgate

answer

The Vulgate is a late fourth-century Latin translation of the Bible that became, during the 16th century

question

Marcilio Ficino

answer

Marsilio Ficino was an Italian scholar and Catholic priest who was one of the most influential humanist philosophers of the early Italian Renaissance

question

Pico Della Mirandola

answer

Count Giovanni Pico della Mirandola was an Italian Renaissance philosopher

question

Baldassare Castiglione

answer

Baldassare Castiglione, count of Casatico, was an Italian courtier, diplomat, soldier and a prominent Renaissance author

question

Virtú

answer

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtù Virtù is a concept theorized by Niccolò Machiavelli, centered on the martial spirit and ability of a population or leader, but also encompassing a broader collection of traits necessary for maintenance of the state and "the achievement of great things."

question

Johann Gutenburg

answer

Johannes Gensfleisch zur Laden zum Gutenberg was a German blacksmith, goldsmith, printer, and publisher who introduced printing to Europe

question

Quattrocento

answer

The cultural and artistic events of 15th century Italy are collectively referred to as the Quattrocento

question

Giorgio Vasari

answer

Giorgio Vasari was an Italian painter, architect, writer and historian, most famous today for his Lives of the Most Excellent Painters, Sculptors, and Architects, considered the ideological foundation of art-historical writing

question

Cinquecento

answer

the 16th century as a period of Italian art, architecture, or literature, with a reversion to classical forms

question

Pope Alexander VI

answer

Orgy Pope

question

Perspective

answer

pective (from Latin perspicere, to see through) in the graphic arts, such as drawing, is an approximate representation, on a flat surface (such as paper), of an image as it is seen by the eye

question

Chiaroscuro

answer

the treatment of light and shade in drawing and painting

question

Stylized Faces

answer

In a style that is artificial instead of realistic

question

Sfumato

answer

the technique of allowing tones and colors to shade gradually into one another, producing softened outlines or hazy forms

question

Contrapposto

answer

an asymmetrical arrangement of the human figure in which the line of the arms and shoulders contrasts with while balancing those of the hips and legs

question

Greek Temple Architecture

answer

...

question

Giotto

answer

Giotto di Bondone, known as Giotto, was an Italian painter and architect from Florence in the late Middle Ages. He is generally considered the first in a line of great artists who contributed to the Italian Renaissance

question

Brunelleschi

answer

Brunelleschi was one of the foremost architects and engineers of the Italian Renaissance. He is perhaps most famous for his development of linear perspective and for engineering the dome of the Florence cathedral

question

Lorenzo Ghiberti

answer

Lorenzo Ghiberti, born Lorenzo di Bartolo, was a Florentine Italian artist of the Early Renaissance best known as the creator of the bronze doors of the Florence Baptistery, called by Michelangelo the Gates of Paradise

question

Donatello

answer

Donato di Niccolò di Betto Bardi, better known as Donatello, was an early Renaissance Italian sculptor from Florence, Sculpted David

question

Masaccio

answer

Masaccio, born Tommaso di Ser Giovanni di Simone, was the first great Italian painter of the Quattrocento period of the Italian Renaissance

question

Sandro Botticelli

answer

Alessandro di Mariano di Vanni Filipepi, better known as Sandro Botticelli, was an Italian painter of the Early Renaissance

question

High Renaissance

answer

The artistic style of the first half of the 16th century in western Europe especially as manifested in Rome and Florence and characterized by heroic centralized composition, technical mastery of drawing and conception, and a mature humanistic content

question

Bramante

answer

Donato Bramante was an Italian architect, who introduced Renaissance architecture to Milan and the High Renaissance style to Rome, where his plan for St. Peter's Basilica formed the basis of design executed by Michelangelo

question

Leonardo da Vinci

answer

Leonardo di ser Piero da Vinci was an Italian Renaissance polymath: painter, sculptor, architect, musician, mathematician, engineer, inventor, anatomist, geologist, cartographer, botanist, and writer

question

Raphael

answer

Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino, better known simply as Raphael, was an Italian painter and architect of the High Renaissance

question

Michelangelo

answer

Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni, commonly known as Michelangelo, was an Italian sculptor, painter, architect, poet, and engineer of the High Renaissance who exerted an unparalleled influence on the development of Western art

question

Titian

answer

(Of hair) bright golden auburn

question

Mannerism

answer

...

question

El Greco

answer

El Greco, born Doménikos Theotokópoulos, was a painter, sculptor and architect of the Spanish Renaissance

question

Northern Renaissance

answer

The Northern Renaissance was the Renaissance that occurred in the European countries north of the Alps. Before 1497 Italian Renaissance humanism had little influence outside Italy. From the late 15th century the ideas spread around Europe

question

Christian Humanism

answer

Christian humanism is the belief that human freedom, individual conscience, and unencumbered rational inquiry are compatible with the practice of Christianity or even intrinsic in its doctrine. It represents a philosophical union of Christian faith and classical humanist principles

question

Erasmus, In Praise of Folly

answer

Desiderius Erasmus Roterodamus, known as Erasmus of Rotterdam, or simply Erasmus, was a Dutch Renaissance humanist, Catholic priest, social critic, teacher, and theologian. Erasmus was a classical scholar who wrote in a pure Latin style

question

Thomas Moore

answer

Sir Thomas More, known to Roman Catholics as Saint Thomas More, was an English lawyer, social philosopher, author, statesman and noted Renaissance humanist

question

Jacques Lefevre d'Etables

answer

Jacques Lefèvre d'Étaples or Jacobus Faber Stapulensis was a French theologian and humanist. He was a precursor of the Protestant movement in France

question

Francesco Ximenes de Cisneros

answer

Francisco Jiménez de Cisneros, O.F.M., known as Ximénes de Cisneros in his own lifetime, and commonly referred to today as simply Cisneros, was a Spanish cardinal and statesman

question

Francois Rabelais, Gargantua and Pantagruel

answer

François Rabelais was a major French Renaissance writer, doctor, Renaissance humanist, monk and Greek scholar. He has historically been regarded as a writer of fantasy, satire, the grotesque, bawdy jokes and songs

question

Michel de Montaigne

answer

Michel Eyquem de Montaigne was one of the most influential writers of the French Renaissance, known for popularizing the essay as a literary genre

question

William Shakespeare

answer

William Shakespeare was an English poet, playwright and actor, widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's pre-eminent dramatist. He is often called England's national poet and the "Bard of Avon"

question

Miguel de Cervantes

answer

Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra, often known mononymously as Cervantes, was a Spanish novelist, poet, and playwright

question

Flemish Style

answer

Flemish painting flourished from the early 15th century until the 17th century. Flanders delivered the leading painters in Northern Europe and attracted many promising young painters from neighbouring countries

question

Jan van Eyck

answer

Jan van Eyck was an Early Netherlandish painter active in Bruges and one of the most significant Northern Renaissance artists of the 15th century

question

Bosch

answer

...

question

Peter Bruegel, The elder

answer

Pieter Bruegel the Elder was a Flemish Renaissance painter and printmaker known for his landscapes and peasant scenes. He is sometimes referred to as the "Peasant Bruegel."

question

Albrecht Dürer

answer

Albrecht Dürer was a German painter, engraver, printmaker, mathematician, and theorist from Nuremberg

question

Hans Holbein, The younger

answer

Hans Holbein the Younger was a German artist and printmaker who worked in a Northern Renaissance style. He is best known as one of the greatest portraitists of the 16th century

question

Fugger Family

answer

...

question

Christine de Pisan

answer

Christine de Pizan was an Italian French late medieval author. She served as a court writer for several dukes and the French royal court during the reign of Charles VI

question

Isabella d'Este

answer

Isabella d'Este was Marchesa of Mantua and one of the leading women of the Italian Renaissance as a major cultural and political figure

question

Artemesia Gentileschi

answer

Artemisia Gentileschi was an Italian Baroque painter, today considered one of the most accomplished painters in the generation following that of Caravaggio

Italian Renaissance Vocab – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards