Odr – Microbiology Flashcard
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| What are the organisms that cause superficial mycoses, and what condition do they cause? |
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| Malassezia: tinnea versicolor, seborrheic dermatitis Exophiala: tinnea nigra |
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| Where is Malassezia found? |
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| normal flora of skin rich in sebaceous glands it is lipophilic |
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| What organism causes hyper/hypopigmented, easily scaled, macular lesions, usually on the upper torso? |
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| malassezia (tinnea versicolor) |
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| What organism causes seborrheic dermatitis? |
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| malassezia |
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| What organism appears as "spaghetti and meatballs" with KOH staining? |
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| malassezia |
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| How does seborrheic dermatitis present? |
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| pruritic, erythematous, greasy-appearing patches and scales (usually facial) |
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| What causes darkened, non-scaling macular lesions on the palms/soles? |
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| tinnea nigra (exphiala) |
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| What causes hard black nodules on the hair shaft? |
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| piedraei hortae (black piedra) |
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| What causes white-creamy yellow soft granules on the hair? |
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| white piedra (trichosporon cutaneum) |
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| How are superficial mycoses treated? |
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| topical keratinolysic agents and/or antifungals (mecanazole), personal hygiene |
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| What organisms are reponsible for tinea capitis? |
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| t. tonsurans m. andwinii m. canis |
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| List the cuteanous mycoses. |
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| tinea capitis (gray patch ringworm--loss of hair) tinea pedis (athlete's foot) tinea cororpis: ringworm of body tinea cruris: groin (jock itch) Tinea Unguium: nail (onchomycosis) tinea barbae: beard |
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| What organisms are repsonsible for athlete's foot? |
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| E. floccosum T. Rubrum T. mentagrophytes |
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| trichosporon cutaneum |
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| white piedra |
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| t tonsurans m andwinii m canis |
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| tinea capitis |
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| Which mycoses are keratinophilic, and what are the subtypes? |
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| cutaneous mycoses (epidermophyton, trichophyton, microsporum) |
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| What are the 2 types of subcutaneous mycoses? |
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| sporothrichosis chloroblastomycosis |
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| How is sporotrichosis transmitted? |
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| traumatic inoculation |
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| Describe the lesion seen with sporotrichosis. |
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| subcutaneous nodule --> ulcer |
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| What are some characteristics of chloroblastomycosis? |
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| slow development of verrucous, cutaneous nodular lesions: cauliflower-like appearance w/intense hyperplasia sclerotic bodies |
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| What exhibits wart-like growths along lymphatics of leg or feet? |
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| chloroblastomycosis |
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| What fungal infection causes elphantiasis? |
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| chloroblastomycosis |
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| What causes mucosal fungal infections? |
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| candidiasis |
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| How is candidiasis diagnosed? |
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| yeast & hyphae gram (+) germ tube formation |
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| What are the predisposing risk factors for candidiasis? |
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| elderly, infants, endocrine disorders, broad spectrum Abs, burns, IV drug abuse, AIDS, immunodef, leukemia/hemat malignancy, indwelling cath, immunosuppression |
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| e. floccosum t. rubrum t. mentagrophytes |
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| tinea pedis |
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| What is the morphology of candidasis? |
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| budding yeast in vivo: dimorphic |
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| germ tube formation |
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| candidiasis |
