question

According to John Kotter, leadership (in contrast to management) entails:

answer

setting direction for the organization

question

Which of the following is NOT one of the leadership theory categorization factors?

answer

attitudes

question

Kotter suggests that leadership and management:

answer

are two distinct, yet complementary systems of action in organizations

question

According to Zaleznik's thinking on leaders as distinct personalities, leaders and managers differ along four different dimensions of personality. Which of the following is NOT one of those dimensions?

answer

internal versus external orientation

question

Trait leader theories focus on all the following except:

answer

situational characteristics

question

Which of the following statements best reflects the support for trait theories to identify universal distinguishing attributes of leaders?

answer

Findings on traits as a basis for explaining leader effectiveness are neither strong nor uniform.

question

Trait theories of leadership attempt to:

answer

focus on leaders physical attributes, personality, and abilities

question

A major difference between trait and behavioral theories of leadership is:

answer

trait theories emphasize personality & ability attributes versus actions and abilities

question

When considering the type of leadership style exhibited according to the behavioral theories, which of the following is most accurate?

answer

Situational characteristics are not important because the leader's style does not vary over different situations.

question

When comparing autocratic leadership style to democratic leadership style, democratic leaders:

answer

do not closely supervise and allow employee initiative and decision making

question

All of the following are autocratic leader characteristics except:

answer

Employee centered

question

The most pronounced consequence of laissez-faire leadership tends to be:

answer

chaos in work environment

question

The important underlying behaviors of the Ohio State leadership studies are:

answer

consideration and initiating structure

question

Which of the following is NOT a behavior of initiating structure?

answer

encouraging mutual respect and interpersonal trust

question

A major difference between the Michigan approach to leadership and the Ohio State approach was:

answer

the Ohio studies see the dimensions as coexisting where the Michigan studies see them as mutually exclusive

question

An important conclusion of the Ohio State leadership studies was:

answer

leadership climate was a more important determinant of leader behaviors than was training

question

According to the Michigan studies on leadership, a work environment characterized by constant influence attempts on the part of the leader through closer supervision or written rules and regulations is likely the result of:

answer

production-oriented style

question

According to the Michigan studies on leadership, which of the following statements regarding the emotional climate of the work situation is most correct?

answer

Anxiety may be the result of either autocratic or democratic leadership styles.

question

Blake and Mouton's Leadership Grid identifies the country club manager as someone who:

answer

creates a pleasing, happy work environment and applies minimal supervision

question

According to the Leadership Grid approach to leadership, the manager who exerts just enough effort to avoid being fired would be consistent with what position on the grid?

answer

1,1 (impoverished manager)

question

The impoverished manager is one who:

answer

exerts just enough effort to avoid being fired.

question

According to Blake and Mouton and their Leadership Grid, a manager with a high concern for production and low concern for people would be in what position on the grid?

answer

9,1 (authority compliance manager)

question

Contingency theories of leadership, in determining appropriate leader behavior and style, focus strongly on:

answer

the importance and characteristics of the situation as well as particular traits

question

The theories of leadership concerned with identifying the specific leader behaviors that are most effective in specific leadership situations would be:

answer

contingency theories

question

As a supervisor, you find yourself in a situation where you have good relationships with employees, the task is structured, and you have and can exercise strong position power. Your leadership behavior and style should be:

answer

task-oriented

question

Fiedler would advocate which of the following in effecting a match of the leader to a favorable leadership situation?

answer

Reengineer the situation

question

The LPC scale is:

answer

a projective technique that evaluates the person a leader has least preferred to work with

question

Situational favorableness using Fiedler's model consists of which three dimensions?

answer

position power, leader-member relations, and task structure

question

According to Fiedler, the effectiveness of leaders is dependent on:

answer

the favorableness of their situation

question

According to Fiedler's leadership research, high LPC (relationship-oriented) leaders are most successful in situations where:

answer

leader-member relations are good, the task is unstructured, and position power is weak

question

Fiedler recommends that managers, in order to be effective, should:

answer

carefully assess and diagnose the situation

question

As a manager using Fiedler's approach to leadership, which of the following interventions would be most effective?

answer

Reengineer the situation to fit the leader's predisposition.

question

According to the contingency theory developed by Fiedler, what is the most appropriate action where it is found there is a misfit between the leader and the situation?

answer

Reengineer the leader's situation to fit the leader's basic predisposition.

question

The variables used to determine the most appropriate leader behavior in House's path-goal theory are:

answer

follower characteristics and task characteristics

question

Which of the following is NOT one of the leader behavior styles one can choose from when using the path- goal theory of leader effectiveness?

answer

relationship-oriented

question

The path-goal theory of leader effectiveness by Robert House is based on:

answer

the expectancy theory of motivation

question

The path-goal theory assumes that leaders:

answer

adapt their behavior and style to fit the characteristics of the work environment and followers

question

According to the Vroom-Yetton-Jago normative decision model, all of the following are possible appropriate decision-making strategies except:

answer

laissez-faire

question

The Vroom-Yetton-Jago normative decision model helps leaders and managers know:

answer

when to have employees participate in the decision-making process

question

The key situational variable of the Hersey-Blanchard leadership model is:

answer

maturity level of employees

question

In the Hersey-Blanchard leadership model, the leadership style most appropriate with very mature followers is:

answer

delegating

question

The telling style of leadership in the Hersey-Blanchard leadership model entails:

answer

low concern of relationships and strong initiating structure

question

In the Hershey-Blanchard situational leadership model, maturity is determined by:

answer

a follower's ability and willingness to accept responsibility for completing work

question

The leadership approach which recognizes that leaders may form different relationships with followers is:

answer

LMX theory

question

The basic idea behind leader-member exchange theory is:

answer

leaders form two groups of followers (in-groups and out-groups)

question

Recent research on LMX theory has revealed the surprising result that:

answer

increased communication between the supervisor and out-group members may lead to lower performance ratings

question

Transformational leaders:

answer

inspire and stimulate followers to high performance levels

question

Transformational leaders have been found to:

answer

inspire followers to perform beyond expectations

question

Howard Schultz, CEO of Starbuck's, is attempting to re-ignite Starbuck's emotional attachment with the Starbuck's brand and streamline the company's international expansion. Schultz is using his charisma along with inspirational motivation and intellectual stimulation to change Starbuck's. This reflects what type of leadership?

answer

Transformational

question

Charismatic leadership rests greatly with _____ power.

answer

Referent

question

Charismatic leadership:

answer

has great potential for high levels of achievement but also risks of destructive courses of action

question

The positive face of charismatic leadership is most strongly associated with:

answer

socialized power motivation

question

The ability of a leader to create a vision and convince others to become a part of it, even skeptics, is known as:

answer

reality-distortion field

question

A multidimensional construct that includes transformational, charismatic, or transactional leadership as the situation might demand is known as:

answer

authentic leadership

question

Authentic leaders are characterized by all of the following EXCEPT:

answer

Benevolence

question

Emotional intelligence is made up of all of the following competencies except:

answer

higher cognitive function

question

Which of the following statements best characterizes emotional intelligence and leadership?

answer

Emotional intelligence can be learned through honest feedback.

question

The glass cliff refers to

answer

a trend in organizations to place more women in difficult leadership situations

question

In contrast to leadership, the topic of followership has:

answer

not been extensively researched

question

Follower motivational training would be LEAST successful with:

answer

alienated followers

question

Followers who tend to be passive but capable of independent and critical thinking are:

answer

alienated

question

Dimensions used to classify followers include:

answer

active/passive, critical/uncritical thinking, and independent/dependent

question

The situational approach to leadership would lead to the conclusion that a global leader must factor in which of the following organizational attributes?

answer

culture

question

Which of the following is NOT a conclusion drawn by the text authors concerning the role and importance of leadership?

answer

Good leaders are not likely to be good followers.

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