Roman culture – Flashcards

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1.) What are the Twelve Table?
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The tablets that Early Roman laws were written on
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2.) How is Rome's geography vital in success of city?
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Located on the Italian Peninsula in the center of the Mediterranean Sea
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3.) Which 3 groups fought for control of the region of Roman?
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Latin Greeks Etruscans
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4.) Who frought the Punic Wars?
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Carthage vs. Rome
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5.) What was the outcome of the Punic Wars?
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Rome destroys Carthage and enslaves its people
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6.) How big was Rome's empire in 70 B.C.?
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Covered the surrounding area of the Mediterranean including persent day Spain, France, Italy and parts of middle east and North Africa
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7.) What economic trouble caused the republic to collapse?
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Big gap between nd the rich and poor & homelessness increases with framers and former soldiers
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8.)How did Julius Caesar became Rome's dictator?
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Caesar defects Prompey armies in Greese, Asia, Spain, & Egypt
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9.) Even though Caesar was an absolute dictator, how did some of his refroms favor the people?
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Allows more people to become Roman citizens & creates jobs for the poor
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10.) Who killed Caesar? Why?
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Group of Senators who opposed Caesar's Reforms
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11.) Who became Rome's next dictator?
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Octavian aka Augustus Caesar
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12.) Who does Pax Romana mean? When was it?
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Roman peace. Lasted for 207 years (27 B.C. to 180 A.D.)
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13.)what is the special appeal of Jesus?
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Jesus ignores wealth and status, which appeals to the poor
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14.) Why was Jesus crucified?
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Jesus was seen by some as a heretic (a person holding an opinion at odds with what is generally accepted
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15.) Who ordered the crucifixion?
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Roman governor Pontius Pilate
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16.) Who was Paul and what did he do?
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An apostle who spends his life preaching and interpreting Christianity
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17.) How did Pax Romana help the spread of Christianity into Rome?
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Trade routes were open allowing Christian ideas travel easily
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18.) Why did Christianity Grow?
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Followers spread Christianity
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19.) How does Constantine's acceptance of Christianity increase its growth?
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He legalized Christianity, making it okay to be Christian
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21.) What e factors led to a weakend Roman Economy?
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(1) The disruption of trade by hostile outsiders, (2) Inflation & (3) Food shortages
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23.) Where did Constantine move the capital to? What was the new name given to the city?
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Roman capital was moved to Byzantium. It was eventually renamed Constantinople.
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24.) What were four major contributing factors to the fall of the Western Empire?
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Political (civil war, dividing empire, moving capital to Byzantium), Social (disloyalty to empire), Economic (inflation, widening gap between rich & poor) & Military (Low funds for defense)
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27.) Who was the last Roman Emperor and what happened to him?
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Romulus Augustulus, was ousted by German forces in 476
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28.) Why did Roman Empire crumble?
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Due to disorganization, internal dissent, economic collapse, and foreign invasions
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29.) Why had the empire been divided?
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Because of its size, it was difficult to rule by a single person
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30.) Who was Justinian?
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The Byzantine emperor
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31.) What language used to be spoken in the west?
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West= Latin East? East= Greek
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32.) What was the Justinian Code?
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A codification of Roman law which was the basis for political and economic life
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34.) How long did the Code last?
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900 years
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36.) Who was Empress Theodora and what role dis she play in government?
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Wife of Justinian, who ruled by his side helping to advance the empire
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39.) What are push-pull factors?
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Factors that can either push people out of an area or pull them into an area
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40.) Where do Bantu speakers live?
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South of the Sahara to the tip of Africa
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41.) Who are the Bantu speakers?
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A group of people who speak the same or similar language
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42.) What are some of the skills of the Bantu people?
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Ironworking, farming and herding
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43.) Describe the Bantu farming methods?
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Slash and burn- A patch of the forest is cut down and burned. The ashes are mixed into the soil creating a fertile garden area.
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44.) What were some of the causes of migration for Bantu people?
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They were pushed out West Africa due to limited farming land for their growing population
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45.) Looking at the map on pg. 222, what were the migration routes?
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To the east Africa, central Africa and south Africa
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46.) When did the Olmec Civilzation exist?
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Around 1200 B.C.- 400 B.C.
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47.) Where did they exist?
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Mesoamerica ( Middle America) - San Lorenzo & La Venta
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48.) Describe the Olmec society?
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Became wealthy due to developing a strong trade network throughout Mesoamerica. They used thier wealth to build large stone monuments and pyramids to honor thier leaders and gods (polytheistic)
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49.) What caused the decline of the Olmec?
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Unknown for certain- possibly outside invaders or may have just died out
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50.) How did the Olmec leave their mark?
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Large stone monuments and pyramids
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51.) Which group of people influenced the Mayans?
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Olmecs
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52.) Describe the Mayan Religion?
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Polytheistic- made animal and human sacrifices to thier gods
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55.) What led to the decline of the Mayan people?
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Uncertain, however, possibly reasons include: economic hardship, food shortage, famine and disease.
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59.) What were the Aztecs religious practices?
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Polytheistic, and made human sacrifices to honor goda
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60.) What led to the decline of the Aztec people?
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Unrest and rebellion by those who were captured by the Aztecs and The Spanish conquistadors
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61.) How did the Incas begin?
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They originally lived in high plateau if the Andes and eventually established their own small kingdom in the valley. During their early period, the Incas developed traditions and beliefs that helped launch and unify their empire.
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63.) How do historians describe the Incan System government?
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The rulers divided their vast territory into manageable units, governed by central bureaucray. The Incan exercised almost total control over economic and social life (example- socialist government)
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64.) What led to the decline of the Incan people?
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A civil war divided and weakened the empire and later the Spanish conquistadors the empire
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