Imperialism Review Test Questions – Flashcards
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Define Imperialism
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A policy in which a stronger nation seeks to dominate other countries politically, economically, and socially.
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what nations engaged in Imperialism? Why?
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Britain, Dutch, France- To gain control of natural resources that were produced in that area for trading and selling finished goods.
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Identify areas of the world that were imperialized
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Africa, India, China
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Explain the "White Man's Burden"
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The "White Man's Burden" is a poem written by Rudyard Kipling about Imperialism
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Social Darwinism
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Charles Darwin's ideas about evolution and "Survival of the Fittest" to human societies
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How did these ideas help to justify and explain Imperialism?
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Imperialism is when a stronger country wants to dominate other countries
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Positive and Negative effects of Imperialism
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The Imperialist country obtains natural resources from the country they colonized while it offers new technology and jobs to the colonies
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What areas of Africa were the Europeans in contact with prior to the 1870's?
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Coastal Africa
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What role did African geography play in keeping Europeans out prior to the prior to the 1870's?
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Many rivers, jungles and hard terrain made navigation very difficult for the Europeans
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What does the "Scramble for Africa" mean?
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The division and full scale Imperialism of Africa
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Berlin Conference
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(1884-85) Meeting where European leaders met to discuss the division of Africa.
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Who was Cecil Rhodes?
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A British Imperialist
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Describe the Boer War in South Africa
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A war between the British and the Dutch over control of South Africa- The British won and took control of S. Africa.
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Shaka Zulu
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1. S. African nationalist that fought against European control in the 1800's 2. United African tribes in fighting against Europeans 3. After his death, his tribal group fell apart, and S. Africa was able to be taken over.
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African Resistance? Who was able to resist Imperialism?
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1.Algeria 2. Ethiopia
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Significance of King Menelik II in Ethiopia
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King M. II was successful at playing the European powers against each other. Ethiopia remained free.
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Major Religions in India
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Islam, Hinduism
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British East Indian Trading Company
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A trading company that set up posts in Bombay, Madras, and Calcutta
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Jewel in the Crown
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What Britain called India
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Sepoy
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Indian soldiers
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What is the Sepoy Mutiny?
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The rebellion of Indian soldiers against the British because the new Enfield Rifles were greased in pork and beef fat.
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Raj
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The British rule after India came under British rule
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Positive and Negative Impacts of Imperialism in India
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Positive: Britain provided education to the Indians. Negative: Britain restricted a country's own industries.
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What are the names of Nationalistic groups that arise in India?
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British, Dutch and African.
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Ethnocentric
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Belief that one's culture or ethnicity is superior to all
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Middle Kingdom
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The Chinese' own name for China
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Explain China's policy of Isolationism
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China planned to isolate themselves from the rest of the world to keep the original culture in China
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Why did British want to trade with China in the 1800's
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The British wanted the drug Opium
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Opium and The Opium War
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The Chinese gov. banned the drug Opium and British refused to stop trading with them because it was a very big source of income for them.
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What is the Treaty of Nanjing? What was China forced to do under this treaty?
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The treaty that ended the Opium War... China was forced to give Hong Kong to Britain.
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What was the Spheres of Influence? What other countries gained footholds in China? What was the Open Door Policy?
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Gave foreign countries economic influence in China. Japan, Britain, Germany gained footholds in China. The Open Door Policy allows anyone to trade.
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Nationalistic feelings grow in China. Explain Taiping Rebellion and Boxer Rebellion.
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A revolt of the the peasants of China due to increasing population, limited food, increasing opium use and foreign involvement in China.
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Samurai
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Professional Japanese warriors who served their shogun.
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Matthew Perry
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A 19th century Naval officer who fought in the Mexican war and headed an important expedition to Japan to open diplomatic relations
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Treaty of Kanagawa
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Japan realized that it could not stand up to the modern Americas, so they opened up two ports for trade, and by 1860, several ports were opened for trade.
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Meiji Restoration
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Idea that the best way to counter western domination was to modernize. Emperor Meiji began sending diplomats to western countries to study their culture.
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Japan grows in strength and begins to imperialize other nations. Which nations?
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Japan imperializes China, Manchuria, and Korea
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Sino- Japanese War (Details and results)
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The Shino- Japanese War was in 1895- Japan defeats China. JAPAN GAINS FIRST COLONIES
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Russo- Japanese War (Details and results)
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(1903-05)- War fought over Manchuria and Korea. The "West" thought that Russia would destroy Japan, but Japan crushed Russia's Pacific and Baltic Fleets.
